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Dos-Santos JS, Firmino-Cruz L, Ramos TD, da Fonseca-Martins AM, Oliveira-Maciel D, De-Medeiros JVR, Chaves SP, Gomes DCO, de Matos Guedes HL. Characterization of Sv129 Mice as a Susceptible Model to Leishmania amazonensis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:100. [PMID: 31192210 PMCID: PMC6548835 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a complex of neglected diseases caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania, such as Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, the ethiologic agent of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil. In this work, we investigated a new experimental model of infection for L. amazonensis: the Sv129 mouse. First, we subcutaneously infected Sv129 mice with 2 × 105 or 2 × 106L. amazonensis parasites of the Josefa strain. A progressive lesion developed for both inoculation doses, showing that Sv129 mice are susceptible, independent of parasite dose. We next investigated the mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of infection. We did not observe an increase of frequency of interferon-gamma (IFN- γ)-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, a phenotype similar to that seen in BALB/c mice. There was an increased of frequency and number of IL-17-producing γδ (gamma-delta) T cells in infected Sv129 mice compared to naïve SV129 and an increased frequency of this population compared to infected BALB/c mice. In addition, Sv129 mice presented high levels of both IgG1 and IgG2a, suggesting a mixed Th1 and Th2 response with a skew toward IgG1 production based on IgG1/IgG2a ratio. Susceptibility of the Sv129 mice was further confirmed with the use of another strain of L. amazonensis, LTB0016. In this work, we characterized the Sv129 mice as a new model of susceptibility to Leishmania amazonensis infection, during infection there was controlled IFN-γ production by CD4+ or CD8+ T cells and induced IL-17 production by γδ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio Souza Dos-Santos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luan Firmino-Cruz
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tadeu Diniz Ramos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Diogo Oliveira-Maciel
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Herbert Leonel de Matos Guedes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa UFRJ - Xerém em Biologia, UFRJ Campus Duque de Caxias Professor Geraldo Cidade - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Sakae DY, Ramet L, Henrion A, Poirel O, Jamain S, El Mestikawy S, Daumas S. Differential expression of VGLUT3 in laboratory mouse strains: Impact on drug-induced hyperlocomotion and anxiety-related behaviors. Genes Brain Behav 2018; 18:e12528. [PMID: 30324647 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The atypical vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT3 is present in subpopulations of GABAergic interneurons in the cortex and the hippocampus, in subgroups of serotoninergic neurons in raphe nuclei, and in cholinergic interneurons in the striatum. C56BL/6N mice that no longer express VGLUT3 (VGLUT3-/- ) display anxiety-associated phenotype, increased spontaneous and cocaine-induced locomotor activity and decreased haloperidol-induced catalepsy. Inbred mouse strains differ markedly in their sensitivity to anxiety and behavioral responses elicited by drugs. The purpose of this study was to investigate strain differences in VGLUT3 expression levels and its potential correlates with anxiety and reward-guided behaviors. Five inbred mouse lines were chosen according to their contrasted anxiety and drugs sensitivity: C57BL/6N, C3H/HeN, DBA/2J, 129/Sv, and BALB/c. VGLUT3 protein expression was measured in different brain areas involved in reward or mood regulation (such as the striatum, the hippocampus, and raphe nuclei) and genetic variations in Slc17a8, the gene encoding for VGLUT3, have been explored. These five inbred mouse strains express very different levels of VGLUT3, which cannot be attributed to the genetic variation of the Slc17a8 locus. Furthermore, mice behavior in the open field, elevated plus maze, spontaneous- and cocaine-induced locomotor was highly heterogeneous and only partially correlated to VGLUT3 levels. These data highlight the fact that one single gene polymorphism could not account for VGLUT3 expression variations, and that region specific VGLUT3 expression level variations might play a key role in the modulation of discrete behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Y Sakae
- INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS-IBPS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Lauriane Ramet
- INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS-IBPS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Annabelle Henrion
- Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Odile Poirel
- INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS-IBPS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Jamain
- Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Salah El Mestikawy
- INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS-IBPS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Verdun, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Daumas
- INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS-IBPS), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Heinla I, Leidmaa E, Kongi K, Pennert A, Innos J, Nurk K, Tekko T, Singh K, Vanaveski T, Reimets R, Mandel M, Lang A, Lilleväli K, Kaasik A, Vasar E, Philips MA. Gene expression patterns and environmental enrichment-induced effects in the hippocampi of mice suggest importance of Lsamp in plasticity. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:205. [PMID: 26136648 PMCID: PMC4470440 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Limbic system associated membrane protein (Lsamp) gene is involved in behavioral adaptation in social and anxiogenic environments and has been associated with a broad spectrum of psychiatric diseases. Here we studied the activity of alternative promoters of Lsamp gene in mice in three rearing conditions (standard housing, environmental enrichment and social isolation) and in two different genetic backgrounds (129S6/SvEv and C57BL/6). Isolation had no effect on the expression levels of Lsamp. Environmental enrichment elevated the expression levels of Lsamp 1b transcript specifically in the hippocampus in B6 mice, and the same tendency existed across both mouse lines and both transcripts. Furthermore, we showed that the density of cells exhibiting 1b promoter activity is remarkably higher in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampal formation which is a specific area of enrichment-induced neurogenesis in adult rodents. On the contrary to 1b, 1a promoter is selectively active in the pyramidal and granule cell layers. We provide evidence that Lsamp modulates enrichment-induced activation of Bdnf as the enrichment-induced elevation of Bdnf in the hippocampus is significantly diminished in Lsamp-deficient mice; furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the expression levels of Lsamp and Bdnf transcripts in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Significant strain differences in Lsamp expression were detected in the hippocampus, frontal cortex and thalamus that could be related to the different behavioral phenotype of B6 and 129Sv mice. Our data provides further evidence that LSAMP is implicated in the hippocampal connectivity and plasticity thereby modulating adaptability in changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrek Heinla
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Este Leidmaa
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia ; Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry Munich, Germany
| | - Karina Kongi
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Airi Pennert
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Innos
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaarel Nurk
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Triin Tekko
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katyayani Singh
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Taavi Vanaveski
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Riin Reimets
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Merle Mandel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aavo Lang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Allen Kaasik
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
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