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Lv M, Du J, Xie MZ, Zhou Y, Yang G, Wang J, Zhang WX, Yang H, Zhang SS, Cui F, Lu QB, Wu J. Protective effect of PCV13 against all-cause hospitalized pneumonia in children in Beijing, China: real-world evidence. Vaccine 2024; 42:3091-3098. [PMID: 38594120 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study evaluated the protective effect of 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV13) against all-cause hospitalized pneumonia in children in Beijing. METHODS Based on the vaccination record and inpatient medical record database of Beijing, children born in 2017 in Beijing, matched by age, gender, and district of the children with the ratio of 1:4, were selected as the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups according whether if vaccinated with PCV13. The incidence rate and 95 % confidence interval (95 %CI), vaccine effectiveness (VE) and direct medical costs of all-cause hospitalized pneumonia were calculated and compared within the same period of 12 months, 18 months, 24 months and 30 months after the birth of the child. RESULTS The decreased incidence rates of all-cause hospitalized pneumonia were observed at the four points in the PCV13 vaccinated group compared to the unvaccinated group, which were significant at the points of 12 months (0.42 % vs. 0.72 %, P = 0.001), 18 months (0.90 % vs. 1.26 %, P = 0.002) and 24 months (1.37 % vs. 1.65 %, P = 0.046). The VE of PCV13 against all-cause hospitalized pneumonia within 12 months was the highest as 41.9 % (95 % CI 19.6 %, 58.0 %), followed by 29.3 % (95 % CI 11.4 %, 43.5 %) within 18 months, 17.1 % (95 % CI 0.3 %, 31.1 %) within 24 months and it almost disappeared within 30 months. The VE of 4-dose vaccination within 18 months and 24 months were 39.9 % (95 % CI 20.3 %, 54.7 %) and 27.2 % (95 % CI 8.6 %, 42.0 %), respectively. The median hospitalization cost of the children in the vaccinated group was higher at the four points but without significance. CONCLUSIONS PCV13 had a certain protective effect on all-cause hospitalized pneumonia, and the booster immunization strategy had the best protective effect with great public health significance to enter the immunization program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lv
- Institute for Immunization and Prevention, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Xie
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiguo Zhou
- Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guangzhao Yang
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3052, Australia
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute for Immunization and Prevention, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Wan-Xue Zhang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fuqiang Cui
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jiang Wu
- Institute for Immunization and Prevention, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
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Daniels CC, Rogers PD, Shelton CM. A Review of Pneumococcal Vaccines: Current Polysaccharide Vaccine Recommendations and Future Protein Antigens. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2016; 21:27-35. [PMID: 26997927 DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-21.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This review describes development of currently available pneumococcal vaccines, provides summary tables of current pneumococcal vaccine recommendations in children and adults, and describes new potential vaccine antigens in the pipeline. Streptococcus pneumoniae, the bacteria responsible for pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis and bacteremia, remains a cause of morbidity and mortality in both children and adults. Introductions of unconjugated and conjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines have each reduced the rate of pneumococcal infections caused by the organism S. pneumoniae. The first vaccine developed, the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), protected adults and children older than 2 years of age against invasive disease caused by the 23 capsular serotypes contained in the vaccine. Because PPSV23 did not elicit a protective immune response in children younger than 2 years of age, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) containing seven of the most common serotypes from PPSV23 in pediatric invasive disease was developed for use in children younger than 2 years of age. The last vaccine to be developed, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), contains the seven serotypes in PCV7, five additional serotypes from PPSV23, and a new serotype not contained in PPSV23 or PCV7. Serotype replacement with virulent strains that are not contained in the polysaccharide vaccines has been observed after vaccine implementation and stresses the need for continued research into novel vaccine antigens. We describe eight potential protein antigens that are in the pipeline for new pneumococcal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin C Daniels
- College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - P David Rogers
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee ; Center for Pediatric Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutics, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Chasity M Shelton
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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