1
|
Su N, Wang Y, Lu X, Xu W, Wang H, Mo W, Pang H, Tang R, Li S, Yan X, Li Y, Zhang R. Methylation of SPRED1: A New Target in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 12:854192. [PMID: 35359401 PMCID: PMC8960233 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.854192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sprouty-related, EVH1 domain-containing protein 1 (SPRED1) has been identified as a novel tumor suppressor gene in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Previous studies showed that SPRED1 methylation levels were significantly increased in AML patients, making it an interesting candidate for further investigations. To confirm the association of SPRED1 methylation, clinical parameters, and known molecular prognosticators and to identify the impact of methylation level on treatment outcome, we conducted this study in a larger cohort of 75 AML patients. Significantly increased methylation levels of SPRED1 were detected at four of ten CpG units by quantitative high-resolution mass spectrometry-based approach (MassARRAY) in AML patients. Whereas overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) showed no statistical difference between hypermethylation and hypomethylation subgroups, the relationship between methylation level and treatment response was indicated in paired samples from pre- and post-induction. To determine the possible mechanism of SPRED1 methylation in AML, we performed in vitro experiments using THP-1 cells, as the latter showed the highest methylation level (determined by utilizing bisulfite modification) among the three AML cell lines we tested. When treated with 5-AZA and lentivirus transfection, upregulated SPRED1 expression, decreased cell proliferation, increased cell differentiation and apoptosis, and inactivated phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) were detected in THP-1 cells. These results show that demethylation of SPRED1 can inhibit the proliferation of AML cells and promote their differentiation and apoptosis, possibly by the ERK pathway. The hypermethylation of SPRED1 is a potential therapeutic target for AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Su
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianglan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Weihong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - He Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenbin Mo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Pang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Rurong Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shibo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ren F, Li B, Wang C, Wang Y, Cui B. Iodine-125 seed represses the growth and facilitates the apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells by suppressing the methylation of miR-615 promoter. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:49. [PMID: 34998382 PMCID: PMC8742920 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a common malignancy in gastrointestinal tract. Iodine-125 (125I) seed implantation is an emerging treatment technology for unresectable tumors. This study investigated the mechanism of 125I seed in the function of CRC cells. METHODS The CRC cells were irradiated with different doses of 125I seed (0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mCi). miR-615 expression in CRC tissues and adjacent tissues was detected by RT-qPCR. miR-615 expression was intervened with miR-615 mimic or miR-615 inhibitor, and then the CRC cells were treated with 5-AZA (methylation inhibitor). The CRC cell growth, invasion and apoptosis were measured. The methylation level of miR-615 promoter region was detected. The xenograft tumor model irradiated by 125I seed was established in nude mice. The methylation of miR-615, Ki67 expression and CRC cell apoptosis were detected. RESULTS 125I seed irradiation repressed the growth and facilitated apoptosis of CRC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with adjacent tissues, miR-615 expression in CRC tissues was downregulated and miR-615 was poorly expressed in CRC cells. Overexpression of miR-615 suppressed the growth of CRC cells. 125I seed-irradiated CRC cells showed increased miR-615 expression, reduced growth rate and enhanced apoptosis. The methylation level of miR-615 promoter region in CRC cells was decreased after 125I seed treatment. In vivo experiments confirmed that 125I seed-irradiated xenograft tumors showed reduced methylation of the miR-615 promoter and increased miR-615 expression, as well as decreased Ki67 expression and enhanced apoptosis. The target genes of miR-615 and its regulatory downstream pathway were further predicted by bioinformatics analysis. CONCLUSIONS 125I seed repressed the growth and facilitated the apoptosis of CRC cells by suppressing the methylation of the miR-615 promoter and thus activating miR-615 expression. The possible mechanism was that miR-615-5p targeted MAPK13, thus affecting the MAPK pathway and the progression of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fenghai Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Binbin Cui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mogadasi M, Mohammadi A, Emamgolizadeh B, Alivand MR, Rahmanpour D, Solali S. Investigation the Cytotoxicity of 5-AZA on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cell Line In Vitro and Characterization the Underlying Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Death and Motility. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:3723-3734. [PMID: 34837933 PMCID: PMC9068181 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.11.3723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a reversible biochemical process determinant of gene expression that is frequently observed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This is believed to arise from aberrant DNA methyltransferase activity establishing abnormal levels of DNA methylation in tumor cells. DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-azacytidine (5-AZA), is a clinically used epigenetic drug which induces promoter demethylation and gene re-expression in human cancers. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of on MOLT4 and Jurkat leukemic cell line in vitro and characterized the underlying molecular mechanisms of cell death and motility. MOLT4 and Jurkat cells were treated with 5-AZA for 12, 24 and 48 hours. The effect of the 5-AZA treatment on cell viability (MTT assay), apoptosis (annexin V/PI staining), microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression (real-time PCR) was measured. The results showed that 5-AZA could induce MOLT4 and Jurkat apoptotic cell death in vitro in a time-dependent manner and probably via apoptotic mechanisms. We found that treatment with 5-AZA could increase the expression of epigenetically silenced miRNAs, miR-34a, miR-34b and miR-124-1 in treated cells. In addition, mRNA analyses demonstrated that MOLT4 and jurkat cells, expressed p53 gene more than 10-fold higher compared with untreated cells in three independent experiments while the cells suppressed the expression of a subset of functionally related genes including MYC, BCL2, APEX, SIRT1, SNAIL1 and vimentin to some extent, following 5-AZA treatment. We found that a miRNAs expression level in treated cell lines was closely correlated to the expression of their target genes. Together, these findings suggest that 5-AZA may affect the viability of MOLT4 and jurkat cells, at least in part, by regulating the transcription of genes that are associated with cellular apoptotic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mogadasi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Behnam Emamgolizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Dara Rahmanpour
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Solali
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fan XY, Shi G, Zhao P. Neonatal Sevoflurane Exposure Impairs Learning and Memory by the Hypermethylation of Hippocampal Synaptic Genes. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:895-904. [PMID: 33052583 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02161-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sevoflurane anesthesia is widely used in pediatric patients. Clinical studies report memory impairment in those exposed to general anesthesia early in life. DNA methylation is essential for the modulation of synaptic plasticity through regulating the transcription of synaptic genes. Therefore, we tested whether neonatal sevoflurane exposure affects learning and memory underlying the hippocampal DNA methylation of synaptic genes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 3% sevoflurane or air for 2 h daily from postnatal day 7 (P7) to P9. 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-AZA), an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), was intraperitoneally injected 30 min before sevoflurane or air exposure on P7-9. The rats were euthanized 6, 12, 24 h, and 28 days after the last sevoflurane exposure, followed by the determination of global and gene-specific DNA methylation. The expression of synaptic proteins and synaptic density and the transcription of Dnmts and ten eleven translocations (Tets) in the hippocampus were measured. The ability of learning and memory was assessed using Morris water maze, novel object recognition, and intruder tests. Repeated neonatal sevoflurane exposure impaired cognitive, social, and spatial memory. The memory impairment was associated with the increased Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, and 5-methylcytosine level and the decreased Tet1 and 5-hydromethylcytosine level. Sevoflurane subsequently induced hypermethylation of Shank2, Psd95, Syn1, and Syp gene and down-regulated the expression of synaptic proteins, which finally led to the decrease of synaptic density in a time-dependent manner. Notably, 5-AZA pretreatment ameliorated learning and memory in sevoflurane-treated rats. In conclusion, neonatal exposure to sevoflurane can impair learning and memory through DNA methylation of synaptic genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Guang Shi
- Department of Neurology, Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mokarram P, Mohammadi Z, Khazayel S, Dayong Z. Induction of Epigenetic Alteration by CPUK02, An Ent- kaurenoid Derivative of Stevioside. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2017; 9:13-18. [PMID: 28090275 PMCID: PMC5219816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary polyphenols, such as those found in green tea and red wine, are linked to antitumor activity. They are known to influence many signaling pathways epigenetically within the human body. In this regard, CPUK02 (15-Oxosteviol benzyl ester) is a new ent-kaurenoid derivative of stevioside and exhibits strong anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Nowadays, the role of epigenetics in cancer has been the subject of intensive study and DNA methylation targeting represents a relevant strategy for cancer treatment. There are no reports regarding the effects of CPUK02 on epigenetic alterations in colorectal cancer cell line. This study was an attempt to compare CPUK02 with 5-AZA as DNMT inhibitor agent and evaluate whether it can induce its anti-cancer effects via altering the level of DNMT3b mRNA, MGMT and SFRP2 methylation pattern in HCT 116 cell line. METHODS To evaluate DNMT3b expression, DNMT3B mRNA levels in HCT116 CRC cell line were quantified by real-time reverse-transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay after 24 hr of incubation time with CPUK02 and 5-AZA. In addition, the methylation patterns of 2 CpG islands in this cell line were examined by methylation-specific PCR methods. RESULTS CPUK02 surprisingly, decreased the DNMT3b mRNA level. The average expression levels of DNMT3b in HCT116 treated with CPUK02 and 5-AZA relative to the GAPDH expression level in control were 0.16 and 0.5%, respectively. Furthermore, CPUK02 could decrease the methylated allele of MGMT and SFRP2 genes in HCT 116 after 24 hr. CONCLUSION In this study, positive correlation was found between mRNA expression of DNMT3b and gene promoter hypermethylation after treatment with CPUK02 and 5-AZA. Our data confirmed that CPUK02 like 5-AZA exhibits demethylating properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooneh Mokarram
- Gasteroenterohepatology Research Center, Nemazee Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Corresponding authors: Pooneh Mokarram, Ph.D., Department of Biochemistry Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mohammadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Khazayel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zhang Dayong
- Drug Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu, China,Zhang Dayong, M.D., Ph.D., Drug Research Institute, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu, China, Tel: +98 711 2303029, 9177160754 Fax: +98 711 2303029, E-mail:;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schmoch T, Gal Z, Mock A, Mossemann J, Lahrmann B, Grabe N, Schmezer P, Lasitschka F, Beckhove P, Unterberg A, Herold-Mende C. Combined Treatment of ATRA with Epigenetic Drugs Increases Aggressiveness of Glioma Xenografts. Anticancer Res 2016; 36:1489-1496. [PMID: 27069124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Recently, anti-tumourigenic effects of all-trans-retinoic-acid (ATRA) on glioblastoma stem cells were demonstrated. Therefore we investigated if these beneficial effects could be enhanced by co-medication with epigenetic drugs such as the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) or the DNA-methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'deoxycytidine (5-AZA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Glioma stem cell xenografts were treated for 42 days with ATRA plus SAHA or ATRA plus 5-AZA or the correspondent monotherapies. Tumour sizes, histological features, proliferation and apoptosis rates were assessed. RESULTS Neither SAHA nor 5-AZA were able to enhance the anti-tumourigenic effect of ATRA. Instead, tumours became more aggressive. Combination of ATRA plus 5-AZA increased tumour size (p<0.05) and induced more frequent and larger necroses (p<0.05) and tumours were more invasive (p<0.05) in comparison to controls. A similar trend was observed for the combination of ATRA plus SAHA. CONCLUSION Combining ATRA with epigenetic drug therapies led to the unwanted opposite effect and increased aggressiveness of glioma xenografts, arguing against future clinical applications of such combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schmoch
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zoltan Gal
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Mock
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Mossemann
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Lahrmann
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niels Grabe
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Lasitschka
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Beckhove
- Division of Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Unterberg
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Division of Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gaglio D, Capitano F, Mastrodonato A, Minicocci E, Deiana C, Fragapane P, Camilloni G, Mele A. Learning induced epigenetic modifications in the ventral striatum are necessary for long-term memory. Behav Brain Res 2014; 265:61-8. [PMID: 24525423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications such as histone acetylation in cortical or allocortical regions have been shown to be necessary for the formation of long-term memories. Here we investigated whether similar changes were occurring also in the ventral striatum and whether they are necessary for the consolidation of aversive memory. To this purpose we performed immediate post-training focal administrations of the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, 5, 10 or 15 μg/side) or the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA, 0.0625 or 0.125 μg/side) in the ventral striatum of mice trained in one-trial inhibitory avoidance task. Intra-ventral striatal SAHA administrations, immediately after training, improved memory retention. Opposite effects were found with 5-AZA. We also found that training in the one-trial inhibitory avoidance is accompanied by increased acetylation of specific residues that can be further increased by intra-VS SAHA administrations. Intra-VS 5-AZA administrations on the other hand reduced training-induced histones acetylation at the same residues. These findings imply the occurrence of histone acetylation in the ventral striatum in order to store aversive memory. Moreover, they suggest that the effects induced by the DNMT inhibitor 5-AZA may at least partially due to blockade of H3 and H4 acetylation. These results suggest that the contemporary activation of similar molecular mechanisms might be needed in different brain regions to enable the formation of long-term memories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Gaglio
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia; Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Roma, Italia
| | - Fabrizio Capitano
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia; Centro di Ricerca in Neurobiologia "D. Bovet", Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia; Istituto Biologia Cellulare e Neurobiologia, CNR, Roma, Italia
| | - Alessia Mastrodonato
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia; Centro di Ricerca in Neurobiologia "D. Bovet", Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia
| | - Elisa Minicocci
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia; Centro di Ricerca in Neurobiologia "D. Bovet", Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia
| | - Chiara Deiana
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia; Centro di Ricerca in Neurobiologia "D. Bovet", Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia
| | - Paola Fragapane
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, CNR, Roma, Italia
| | - Giorgio Camilloni
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia; Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Roma, Italia; Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, CNR, Roma, Italia.
| | - Andrea Mele
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia; Centro di Ricerca in Neurobiologia "D. Bovet", Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italia; Istituto Biologia Cellulare e Neurobiologia, CNR, Roma, Italia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hou J, Lü AL, Liu BW, Xing YJ, Da J, Hou ZL, Ai SY. Combination of BMP-2 and 5-AZA is advantageous in rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Cell Biol Int 2013; 37:1291-9. [PMID: 23881855 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) has a crucial role in the development of cardiogenesis, and is used in inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. We have examined a combination of BMP-2 and 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) in inducing these differentiation effects. BMMSCs were collected and purified from bone marrow of 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by density-gradient centrifugation and differential attachment. The fourth passage subculture of BMMSCs, selected by cytometry for purity and identification, was divided into four groups: a control group, BMP-2 treated, 5-AZA treated, and a combination of BMP-2 and 5-AZA treatment. Expression of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) and Connexin 43 (CX-43) in BMMSCs after induction were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Flow cytometry analysis was used for differentiation rates and apoptosis of induced BMMSCs, through the expression of cardiac Troponin T (cTnT) and Annexin V-FITC & PI kit, respectively. BMP-2 can ameliorate apoptosis of BMMSCs caused by 5-AZA and promote the differentiation of BMMSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells. Thus a combination of BMP-2 and 5-AZA can significantly improve the cardiac differentiation with fewer cell damage effects, making it a safe and effective method of induction in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Koukos G, Polytarchou C, Kaplan JL, Morley-Fletcher A, Gras-Miralles B, Kokkotou E, Baril-Dore M, Pothoulakis C, Winter HS, Iliopoulos D. MicroRNA-124 regulates STAT3 expression and is down-regulated in colon tissues of pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 2013; 145:842-52.e2. [PMID: 23856509 PMCID: PMC4427058 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Altered levels and functions of microRNAs (miRs) have been associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), although little is known about their roles in pediatric IBD. We investigated whether colonic mucosal miRs are altered in children with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS We used a library of 316 miRs to identify those that regulate phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in NCM460 human colonocytes incubated with interleukin-6. Levels of miR-124 were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of colon biopsies from pediatric and adult patients with UC and patients without IBD (controls), and of HCT-116 colonocytes incubated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA). Methylation of the MIR124 promoter was measured by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Levels of phosphorylated STAT3 and the genes it regulates (encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), BCL2, BCLXL, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 [MMP9]) were increased in pediatric patients with UC compared with control tissues. Overexpression of miR-124, let-7, miR-125, miR-26, or miR-101 reduced STAT3 phosphorylation by ≥ 75% in NCM460 cells; miR-124 had the greatest effect. miR-124 was down-regulated specifically in colon tissues from pediatric patients with UC and directly targeted STAT3 messenger RNA (mRNA). Levels of miR-124 were decreased, whereas levels of STAT3 phosphorylation increased in colon tissues from pediatric patients with active UC compared with those with inactive disease. In addition, levels of miR-124 and STAT3 were inversely correlated in mice with experimental colitis. Down-regulation of miR-124 in tissues from children with UC was attributed to hypermethylation of its promoter region. Incubation of HCT-116 colonocytes with 5-AZA up-regulated miR-124 and reduced levels of STAT3 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS miR-124 appears to regulate the expression of STAT3. Reduced levels of miR-124 in colon tissues of children with active UC appear to increase expression and activity of STAT3, which could promote inflammation and the pathogenesis of UC in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Koukos
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,Institute for Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Cancer Immunology & AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Christos Polytarchou
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,Institute for Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Cancer Immunology & AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Jess L. Kaplan
- Pediatric IBD Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
| | | | - Beatriz Gras-Miralles
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Efi Kokkotou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mariah Baril-Dore
- Pediatric IBD Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Harland S. Winter
- Pediatric IBD Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,Institute for Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,Department of Cancer Immunology & AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA,Corresponding author: Dimitrios Iliopoulos, Ph.D., Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. South, CHS 44-133, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7278. Tel: 310-825-8856;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bellavia D, Dimarco E, Naselli F, Caradonna F. DNA-methylation dependent regulation of embryo-specific 5S ribosomal DNA cluster transcription in adult tissues of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Genomics 2013; 102:397-402. [PMID: 23933480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported a molecular and cytogenetic characterization of three different 5S rDNA clusters in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus and recently, demonstrated the presence of high heterogeneity in functional 5S rRNA. In this paper, we show some important distinctive data on 5S rRNA transcription for this organism. Using single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, we demonstrate the existence of two classes of 5S rRNA, one which is embryo-specific and encoded by the smallest (700 bp) cluster and the other which is expressed at every stage and encoded by longer clusters (900 and 950 bp). We also demonstrate that the embryo-specific class of 5S rRNA is expressed in oocytes and embryonic stages and is silenced in adult tissue and that this phenomenon appears to be due exclusively to DNA methylation, as indicated by sensitivity to 5-azacytidine, unlike Xenopus where this mechanism is necessary but not sufficient to maintain the silenced status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Bellavia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Ed. 16, Università degli Studi di Palermo, V.le delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, c/o Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi (DIBIMEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Divisi 81, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pitta CA, Papageorgis P, Charalambous C, Constantinou AI. Reversal of ER-β silencing by chromatin modifying agents overrides acquired tamoxifen resistance. Cancer Lett 2013; 337:167-76. [PMID: 23752064 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying tamoxifen resistance. We show here that ER-β is epigenetically silenced in a cell line with acquired tamoxifen resistance (MCF-7/TAM-R) and this could be reversed by 5-AZA-deoxycytidine (5-AZA) and trichostatin-A (TSA) pre-treatment. Subsequent treatment with 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4-OHT) induced ER-β nuclear translocation, upregulated pS2 and p21 levels and reduced cell viability. Transfection with an ER-β expression vector sensitized MCF-7/TAM-R cells to the growth inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects of 4-OHT, indicating that ER-β re-expression alone is sufficient to restore sensitivity to tamoxifen. This novel finding reveals that ER-β is fundamental in overcoming acquired tamoxifen resistance and provides insights for new therapeutic protocols against breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chara A Pitta
- University of Cyprus, Department of Biological Sciences, Lefkosia, Cyprus
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|