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Thomas K, Moody TW, Jensen RT, Tong J, Rayner CL, Barnett NL, Fairfull-Smith KE, Ridnour LA, Wink DA, Bottle SE. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of hybrid nitroxide-based non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 147:34-47. [PMID: 29421569 PMCID: PMC8202972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dual-acting hybrid anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory agents were developed employing the principle of pharmacophore hybridization. Hybrid agents were synthesized by combining stable anti-oxidant nitroxides with conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Several of the hybrid nitroxide-NSAID conjugates displayed promising anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on two Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cells (A549 and NCI-H1299) and in ameliorating oxidative stress induced in 661 W retinal cells. One ester-linked nitroxide-aspirin analogue (27) delivered better anti-inflammatory effects (cyclooxygenase inhibition) than the parent compound (aspirin), and also showed similar reactive oxygen scavenging activity to the anti-oxidant, Tempol. In addition, a nitroxide linked to the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (39) significantly ameliorated the effects of oxidative stress on 661 W retinal neurons at efficacies greater or equal to the anti-oxidant Lutein. Other examples of the hybrid conjugates displayed promising anti-cancer activity, as demonstrated by their inhibitory effects on the proliferation of A549 NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komba Thomas
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, (QUT) GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Terry W Moody
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - Jason Tong
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cassie L Rayner
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nigel L Barnett
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, (QUT) GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - David A Wink
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - Steven E Bottle
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, (QUT) GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
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