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Lombardi A, Vitale V, Nigri G, Olivieri C, Mastrangeli MR, Bizzaglia E, Amanti C. Prognostic impact of the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) cancer staging system on clinically negative lymph nodes (cN0) breast cancer patients. Breast J 2020; 26:1265-1269. [PMID: 32180300 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In 2017, the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Staging Manual released the updating of TNM. The new edition introduces changes concerning tumor classification that could have a real innovative and useful clinical impact. The purpose of the study is to compare anatomic vs. prognostic stage group introduced in the new edition of AJCC staging system and its importance in clinical practice. We retrospectively analyzed the prognostic stage group introduced by the 8th edition of the AJCC staging system for breast cancer. We restaged a large series of patients with infiltrative breast cancer from 2004 to 2017 applying the AJCC 8th Edition prognostic stage group criteria. This study included 1575 patients with all molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Our follow-up included disease-free survival (DFS), disease-related survival (DRS), and overall survival (OS) data. Kaplan-Meier test was used for statistical analysis. The median follow-up was 7 years. The 5-year and 10-year OS were 96% and 90%, respectively. From our analysis, according to the 8th edition, the majority of patients included in the cohort had a down-staging to a better prognostic group except the triple-negative tumors. Most of the anatomic stage IIA turned into IA and IB. This new staging system seems to better relate to prognosis. Therefore, the prognostic stage represents an important support in breast cancer management since it could avoid unnecessary and ineffective therapies; in contrast, it could help realize the global evaluation of the risk of relapse/response to specific treatments, leading to a significant reduction in the national health cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Lombardi
- Breast Surgery, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, Rome, 00189, Italy
| | - Valeria Vitale
- Breast Surgery, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, Rome, 00189, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nigri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Carlotta Olivieri
- Breast Surgery, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, Rome, 00189, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Mastrangeli
- Breast Surgery, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, Rome, 00189, Italy
| | - Elena Bizzaglia
- Breast Surgery, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, Rome, 00189, Italy
| | - Claudio Amanti
- Breast Surgery, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, Rome, 00189, Italy
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Zhou X, Yang Y, Ou X, Xu T, Shen C, Hu C. Interplay of Tumor Spread, Volume and Epstein-Barr Virus DNA in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Feasibility of An Integrative Risk Stratification Scheme. J Cancer 2018; 9:4271-4278. [PMID: 30519329 PMCID: PMC6277619 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the inter-correlation of tumor spread, volume and quantitative plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA level (pEBV DNA), and to further assess the prognostic efficacy of a novel risk stratification combining anatomic, volumetric and biological features in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods and Materials: One hundred and twelve patients with non-metastatic NPC were prospectively enrolled. Correlation of pEBV DNA with tumor invasiveness, lymph node (LN) metastasis, tumor volume and classification was tested by univariate and multivariate analyses. 5-year distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Tumor volume, TNM stage and pEBV DNA were strongly inter-correlated to each other. Nodal volume, skull base invasion and LN metastasis to supraclavicular fossa were determined to be independent predictors for pEBV DNA level. To exclude collinearity, a risk stratification based on combination of EBV DNA, nodal volume and anatomic features was established, offering significant distinguishing ability in 5-year DMFS. Further multivariate Cox regression analysis found the novel stratification to be independent predictor of DMFS. Conclusions: Both anatomic spread and tumor volume contribute to pEBV DNA level, leading to strong inter-correlation between NPC stage, volume and EBV DNA. The proposed risk stratification combining anatomic, volumetric and biological features showed potential in refining DMFS prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Youqi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaomin Ou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunying Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chaosu Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Joo JH, Kim SS, Son BH, DO Ahn S, Jung JH, Choi EK, Ahn SH, Lee JW, Kim HJ, Ko BS. Evaluation of the Prognostic Stage in the 8th Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer in Patients with Breast Cancer and Internal Mammary Lymph Node Metastasis. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:5357-5361. [PMID: 30194189 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study evaluated the prognostic value of the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) cancer staging system for patients with internal mammary lymph node (IMN) metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Of the patients with breast cancer who were treated between 2009 and 2013, 66 were diagnosed as cN3b. We restaged the patients and analyzed the prognostic value of the prognostically staged groups. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 53.9 months, the 5-year overall survival rates of patients with IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC stages were 100%, 95%, and 50% (p=0.001), while the progression-free survival rates were 100%, 83%, and 50% (p=0.005). CONCLUSION Despite the small number of patients, the prognostic stage provided accurate information for IMN metastasized breast cancer, which will lead to more accurate prognosis predictions and optimal treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Joo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ssan Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung DO Ahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hong Jung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Ahn
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Kim
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Seok Ko
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee SB, Sohn G, Kim J, Chung IY, Lee JW, Kim HJ, Ko BS, Son BH, Ahn SH. A retrospective prognostic evaluation analysis using the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 169:257-266. [PMID: 29388016 PMCID: PMC5945740 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer is a group of diseases with different intrinsic molecular subtypes. However, anatomic staging alone is insufficient to determine prognosis. The present study analyzed the prognostic value of the American Joint Committee for Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition cancer staging system. Methods This retrospective, single-center study included breast cancer cases diagnosed from January 1999 to December 2008. We restaged patients based on the 8th edition AJCC cancer staging system and analyzed the prognostic value of the anatomic and prognostic staged groups. Follow-up data including disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and clinic-pathological data were collected to analyze the differences between the two staging subgroups. Results The study enrolled 7458 breast cancer patients with a 98.7-month median follow-up. Both the 5-year DFS and OS were significantly different between the anatomic and prognostic staged groups. The 5-year OS according to disease subtype was as follows: hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative [HR(+)/HER2(−)], 90.9%; HR(+)/HER2(+), 84.7%; HR(−)/HER2(+), 81.1%; and HR(−)/HER2(−), 80.9%. According to the anatomic stage, the 5-year OS of patients with stage III HR(+)/HER2(−) disease was superior to that of patients with stage II HR(−)/HER2(−) disease (88.3 vs. 86.5%). Per the prognostic stage, both the 5-year DFS and OS rates of patients with stage II HR(−)/HER2(−) disease were higher than those of patients with stage III HR(+)/HER2(−) disease (90.1 and 94.3% vs. 79.1 and 88.9%). Conclusions The prognostic staging system is a refined version of the anatomic staging system and encourages a more personalized approach to breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Byul Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Guiyun Sohn
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jisun Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Il Yong Chung
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Beom Seok Ko
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Sei-Hyun Ahn
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
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Polednak AP. Declining Proportion of Incident Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Oral Cavity Coded as Unknown for American Joint Committee TNM Stage:SEER Registries, 2004-2014. J Registry Manag 2018; 45:104-108. [PMID: 31017879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity (OCSCC), American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM stage at diagnosis is widely used by clinicians. In US cancer registries, AJCC 6th edition stage was derived by computer algorithm from codes based on the Collaborative Stage System (CSS) for diagnoses from 2004-2015, but unknown stage is an issue. METHODS A research database of population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program registries (covering about 28% of the US population) included AJCC stage for diagnoses in 2004-2014. Trends (2004-2014) were examined in the proportion of invasive OCSCC cases coded as unknown vs known (ie, I-IV) for AJCC stage group. RESULTS The proportion with AJCC stage unknown declined from 22.5% for 2004 to 12.3% for 2014, reaching as low as 9.8% for age 45-64 years (although higher for older age groups) and 8.1% for all cases with cancerdirected surgery. The largest decline was for the T (tumor size/local extension) component of TNM. The proportion coded as stage IV increased from 22.1% for 2004 to 31.5% for 2014. CONCLUSIONS The proportion with unknown AJCC stage declined substantially. Surveillance (including non-SEER registries) is needed using registry coding of extent of disease that has replaced CSS, and after the advent of registry coding using the AJCC 8th edition, which includes changes in staging of OCSCC that are relevant to clinicians.
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Ye J, Wang W, Xu L, Duan X, Cheng Y, Xin L, Zhang H, Zhang S, Li T, Liu Y. A retrospective prognostic evaluation analysis using the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) cancer staging system for luminal A breast cancer. Chin J Cancer Res 2017; 29:351-360. [PMID: 28947867 PMCID: PMC5592823 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2017.04.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We retrospectively analyzed the clinical prognostic value of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for luminal A breast cancer. Methods Using both the anatomic and prognostic staging in the 8th edition of AJCC cancer staging system, we restaged patients with luminal A breast cancer treated at the Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital from 2008 to 2014. Follow-up data including 5-year disease free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and other clinic-pathological data were collected to analyze the differences between the two staging subgroups. Results This study included 421 patients with luminal A breast cancer (median follow-up, 61 months). The 5-year DFS and OS rates were 98.3% and 99.3%, respectively. Significant differences in 5-year DFS but not OS were observed between different anatomic disease stages. Significant differences were observed in both 5-year DFS and OS between different prognostic stages. Application of the prognostic staging system resulted in assignment of 175 of 421 patients (41.6%) to a different group compared to their original anatomic stages. In total, 102 of 103 patients with anatomic stage IIA changed to prognostic stage IB, and 24 of 52 patients with anatomic stage IIB changed to prognostic stage IB, while 1 changed to prognostic stage IIIB. Twenty-two of 33 patients with anatomic stage IIIA were down-staged to IIA when staged by prognostic staging system, and the other 11 patients were down-staged to IIB. Two patients with anatomic stage IIIB were down-staged to IIIA. Among seven patients with anatomic stage IIIC cancer, two were down-staged to IIIA and four were down-staged to stage IIIB. Conclusions The 8th edition of AJCC prognostic staging system is an important supplement to the breast cancer staging system. More clinical trials are needed to prove its ability to guide selection of proper systemic therapy and predict prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingming Ye
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xuening Duan
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yuanjia Cheng
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ling Xin
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ting Li
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yinhua Liu
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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