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Leonova E, Ryabokon N, Rostoka E, Borisovs V, Velena A, Bisenieks E, Duburs G, Dzintare M, Goncharova R, Sjakste N. Genotoxic and genoprotective effects of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives: a brief review. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2023; 74:1-7. [PMID: 37014687 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarises current knowledge about the genotoxic and genoprotective effects of 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHP) with the main focus on the water-soluble 1,4-DHPs. Most of these water-soluble compounds manifest very low calcium channel blocking activity, which is considered "unusual" for 1,4-DHPs. Glutapyrone, diludine, and AV-153 decrease spontaneous mutagenesis and frequency of mutations induced by chemical mutagens. AV-153, glutapyrone, and carbatones protect DNA against the damage produced by hydrogen peroxide, radiation, and peroxynitrite. The ability of these molecules to bind to the DNA may not be the only mechanism of DNA protection, as other mechanisms such as radical scavenging or binding to other genotoxic compounds may take place and enhance DNA repair. These uncertainties and reports of high 1,4-DHP concentrations damaging the DNA call for further in vitro and in vivo preclinical research, pharmacokinetic in particular, as it can help pinpoint the exact mechanism(s) of the genotoxic and/or genoprotective action of 1,4-DHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Leonova
- 1University of Latvia Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry Department, Riga, Latvia
| | - Nadezhda Ryabokon
- 2National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Evita Rostoka
- 1University of Latvia Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry Department, Riga, Latvia
| | - Vitalijs Borisovs
- 1University of Latvia Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry Department, Riga, Latvia
| | | | | | - Gunars Duburs
- 3Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
| | - Maija Dzintare
- 4Latvian Academy of Sport Education, Department of Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Biomechanics, Hygiene and Informatics, Riga, Latvia
| | - Roza Goncharova
- 2National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Nikolajs Sjakste
- 1University of Latvia Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry Department, Riga, Latvia
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Leonova E, Ošiņa K, Duburs G, Bisenieks E, Germini D, Vassetzky Y, Sjakste N. Metal ions modify DNA-protecting and mutagen-scavenging capacities of the AV-153 1,4-dihydropyridine. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2019; 845:403077. [PMID: 31561891 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1,4-Dihydropyridines (1,4-DHP) possess important biochemical and pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and antimutagenic activities. AV-153-Na, an antimutagenic and DNA-repair enhancing compound was shown to interact with DNA by intercalation. Here we studied DNA binding of several AV-153 salts to evaluate the impact of AV-153 modifications on its DNA binding capacity, the ability to scavenge the peroxynitrite, to protect HeLa and B-cells cells against DNA damage. Affinity of the AV-153 salts to DNA measured by a fluorescence assay was dependent on the metal ion forming a salt in position 4 of the 1,4-DHP, and it decreased as follows: Mg > Na > Ca > Li > Rb > K. AV-153-K and AV-153-Rb could not react chemically with peroxynitrite as opposed to AV-153-Mg and AV-153-Ca, the latter increased the decomposition rate of peroxynitrite. AV-153-Na and AV-153-Ca effectively reduced DNA damage induced by peroxynitrite in HeLa cells, while AV-153-K and AV-153-Rb were less effective, AV-153-Li did not protect the DNA, and AV-153-Mg even caused DNA damage itself. The Na, K, Ca and Mg AV-153 salts were also shown to reduce the level of DNA damage in human B-cells from healthy donors. Thus, metal ions modify both DNA-binding and DNA-protecting effects of the AV-153 salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Leonova
- University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, LV1004, Latvia; Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, No. 21 Aizkraukles Street, Riga LV-1006, Latvia.
| | - Kristīne Ošiņa
- University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, LV1004, Latvia.
| | - Gunars Duburs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, No. 21 Aizkraukles Street, Riga LV-1006, Latvia.
| | - Egils Bisenieks
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, No. 21 Aizkraukles Street, Riga LV-1006, Latvia.
| | - Diego Germini
- Nuclear Organization and Pathologies, CNRS UMR-8126, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39, rue Camille-Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Yegor Vassetzky
- Nuclear Organization and Pathologies, CNRS UMR-8126, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39, rue Camille-Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Nikolajs Sjakste
- University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, LV1004, Latvia; Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, No. 21 Aizkraukles Street, Riga LV-1006, Latvia.
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