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Fan G, Zhou Y, Zhou F, Yu Z, Gu X, Zhang X, Liu Z, Zhou M, Cao B. The mortality and years of life lost for community-acquired pneumonia before and during COVID-19 pandemic in China. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2024; 42:100968. [PMID: 38022712 PMCID: PMC10679495 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, but disease burden of CAP is not clear so far. We aim to explore the spatial and temporal trends of mortality and years of life lost (YLL) due to CAP during 2013-2021 in mainland China, especially the mortality changes before and during COVID-19 pandemic due to COVID-19 related non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Methods We used data from the National Mortality Surveillance System to estimate the age-standardized rates of death and YLL of CAP at national and provincial level in China during 2013-2021. Monthly and provincial NPIs data were obtained from Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker. The Average annual percentage change (AAPC) and mortality reduction were estimated by log-linear regression and interrupted time series, respectively. Findings In China, most CAP that caused deaths had no clear etiology, and bacterial pneumonia and viral pneumonia were the leading 2 causes among CAP deaths with determined etiology before and during COVID-19 pandemic. The age-standardized CAP mortality rate decreased from 11.18 per 100,000 in 2013 to 8.76 per 100,000 in 2019, and to 5.74 per 100,000 in 2021 (AAPC -4.51% vs -7.89%). Trends were similar in age-standardized rate of YLL. Both rates declined more for viral pneumonia, compared with bacterial pneumonia. After adjusting for NPIs at provincial level after 2020, the NPIs for COVID-19 was associated with significant reductions in CAP mortality (-0.34 per 100,000, -0.41 to -0.27; p < 0.0001), and provinces that economically developed and conducted strict regular NPIs against COVID-19 contributed the most reduction. Interpretation We observed a decreasing trend of age-standardized CAP mortality from 2013 to 2019, and a dramatical reduction during COVID-19 pandemic, especially for viral pneumonia. Our study provided the evidence for the effectiveness of regular NPIs on the significant reductions in CAP mortality. Funding This work has been supported by Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project Z191100006619101, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS 2021-I2M-1-048), CAMS Institute of Respiratory Medicine Grant for Young Scholars (2023-ZF-8) and the New Cornerstone Science Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Fan
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Data Management, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuchang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- National Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhongguang Yu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Gu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Data Management, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhengping Liu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- National Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Cao
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
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Perazzo H, Pacheco AG, De Boni R, Luz PM, Fittipaldi J, Cardoso SW, Grinsztejn B, Veloso VG, Szejnfeld D, D’Ippolito G, Pereira-Lanzoni V, Souza-Silva IS. Age-Standardized Mortality Rates Related to Cirrhosis in Brazil from 2000 to 2012: A nationwide Analysis. Ann Hepatol 2018; 16:269-278. [PMID: 28233749 DOI: 10.5604/16652681.1231586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Perazzo
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease (INI) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratory of clinical research on STD/AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio G Pacheco
- Programa de Computação Científica (PROCC) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raquel De Boni
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease (INI) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratory of clinical research on STD/AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula M Luz
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease (INI) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratory of clinical research on STD/AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana Fittipaldi
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease (INI) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratory of clinical research on STD/AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sandra W Cardoso
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease (INI) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratory of clinical research on STD/AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease (INI) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratory of clinical research on STD/AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valdiléa G Veloso
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease (INI) - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratory of clinical research on STD/AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Perazzo H, Pacheco AG, Luz PM, Castro R, Hyde C, Fittipaldi J, Rigolon C, Cardoso SW, Grinsztejn B, Veloso VG. Age-standardized mortality rates related to viral hepatitis in Brazil. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:527. [PMID: 28760138 PMCID: PMC5537933 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver-related mortality has been increasing worldwide. We aimed to estimate the age-standardized mortality rates from viral hepatitis in Brazil. Methods The Brazilian National Death Registry was analyzed from 2008 to 2014. Viral hepatitis deaths were defined by the following ICD-10 codes in the death certificate: hepatitis A [B15.0; B15.9]; hepatitis B [B16.2; B16.9; B18.1]; hepatitis C [B17.1; B18.2]; hepatitis Delta [B16.0; B16.1; B18.0; B17.0] and other viral hepatitis [B17.2; B17.8; B18.8; B18.9; B19.0; B19.9]. Crude mortality rates were calculated by the ratio between total number of deaths and estimated population. Mortality rates were age-standardized by the direct method using the WHO standard population. Results Thirty four thousand ,nine hundred seventy eight deaths had viral hepatitis mentioned in their death certificate [65% male, aged 58 years, 73% associated with hepatitis C]. Age-standardized mortality rate (95% CI) due to viral hepatitis was 2.695 (2.667–2.724) deaths per 100,000 inhabitants: South region had the higher rates [3.997 (3.911–4.085)]. Mortality rates associated with hepatitis A and Delta were 0.032 (0.029–0.035) and 0.028 (0.025–0.031), respectively. Hepatitis C mortality rates were 4-fold higher than those associated with hepatitis B [1.964 (1.940–1.989) vs 0.500 (0.488–0.512)]. South region had the higher rates for hepatitis C [3.163 (3.087–3.241)] and North had the higher rates for hepatitis A [0.066 (0.049–0.087)], B [0.986 (0.918–1.058)] and Delta [0.220 (0.190–0.253)]. Conclusion Viral hepatitis remains a major public health issue in Brazil. Mortality rates were not homogeneous across the country, suggesting that health policies should be customized according to geographical location. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2619-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Perazzo
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST e AIDS (LAPCLIN-AIDS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Antonio G Pacheco
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Programa de Computação Científica (PROCC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula M Luz
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST e AIDS (LAPCLIN-AIDS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Castro
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST e AIDS (LAPCLIN-AIDS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Chris Hyde
- Institute of Health Research, Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis and Modelling for Health Improvement (ESMI), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, England, UK
| | - Juliana Fittipaldi
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST e AIDS (LAPCLIN-AIDS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rigolon
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST e AIDS (LAPCLIN-AIDS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sandra W Cardoso
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST e AIDS (LAPCLIN-AIDS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST e AIDS (LAPCLIN-AIDS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valdiléa G Veloso
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST e AIDS (LAPCLIN-AIDS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Majdan M, Plancikova D, Nemcovska E, Krajcovicova L, Brazinova A, Rusnak M. Mortality due to traumatic spinal cord injuries in Europe: a cross-sectional and pooled analysis of population-wide data from 22 countries. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2017; 25:64. [PMID: 28673315 PMCID: PMC5496373 DOI: 10.1186/s13049-017-0410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCI) pose a significant burden globally, while existing epidemiological data–especially on population mortality–are limited. The aim of this study was to calculate the age-standardized population mortality rates attributable to TSCI in 22 European countries, along with the pooled age-standardized mortality rate attributable to TSCI in Europe. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted. Crude and age-standardized mortality rates attributable to TSCI for the year 2012 for 22 European countries were compared using data from death certificates provided by Eurostat. Pooled age-standardized mortality rates were calculated using the random effects model, and overall number of cases were estimated by extrapolating our findings to the populations of EU and Europe (48 countries), in 2012. Results A total of 1840 TSCI-related deaths were identified, of which 1084 (59%) were males. The pooled age-standardized TSCI-related mortality rate of 6.7 per million (95% CI: 5.2 to 8.2) overall, 9.4 (95% CI: 7.3 to 11.5) for males, and 4.5 (95% CI: 3.4 to 5.6) for females. Extrapolating our results, 3152 (95% CI: 2441 to 3915) deaths would occur in 2012 in the EU-28 and 4570 (95% CI: 3538 to 5675) deaths in the whole Europe. TSCI-related deaths contributed by 2% (95% CI: 1.8% to 2.2%) to the overall injury related mortality. 61% of fatal TSCI were located in the cervical spine area. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the largest study that reports TSCI-related population-based mortalities to date which brings valuable information that can inform further research or prevention strategies. Our study presents a comprehensive and large-scale overview of TSCI-related population mortality in Europe. With an estimated toll of nearly five thousand lives that could be potentially saved by prevention, our findings confirm TSCI as an important cause of injury related deaths in Europe. Further action towards harmonization of case ascertainment and towards prevention strategies targeted mainly on the elderly is warranted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13049-017-0410-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Majdan
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Univerzitne namestie 1, 91701, Trnava, Slovakia. .,International Neurotrauma Research Organization, Moelkergasse 4, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Dominika Plancikova
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Univerzitne namestie 1, 91701, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Nemcovska
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Univerzitne namestie 1, 91701, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Krajcovicova
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Univerzitne namestie 1, 91701, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Alexandra Brazinova
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Univerzitne namestie 1, 91701, Trnava, Slovakia.,International Neurotrauma Research Organization, Moelkergasse 4, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Rusnak
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Univerzitne namestie 1, 91701, Trnava, Slovakia
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