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Ju Y, Ryu DY, Kim DY, Lee E, Hwan Jang K, Kim D. Grouping of unused agricultural by-product biomass for fuel conversion in South Korea through multivariate analysis. Waste Manag 2024; 177:86-94. [PMID: 38295620 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
While biomass holds significance as a resource, its abundance in South Korea is limited. Therefore, in this study analyzed the chemical characteristics of agricultural by-products produced and evaluated their fuel potentiality. To achieve this objective, multivariate analysis was utilized to create biomass clusters with diverse feature. All investigated biomass types showed heating values of at least 12.6 MJ/kg, adhering to South Korea's Bio-solid recovered fuel (SRF) standard, once the moisture content was reduced to 20 % or less. However, the biomasses only met the heating value of Level 3 of the European standard for SRF, which is at least 15 MJ/kg. Groups were formed based on a multivariate analysis using four variables: the high heating value, and carbon, nitrogen, and ash contents. The groups were centered around wood chips and hog fuel, with a cluster of lignocellulosic biomass materials surrounding them. The clusters formed around four groups. When the biomasses in each group were mixed, the combustion characteristics were compared to the ignition, maximum, and burn-out temperatures. Utilizing biomass grouping, by-products from agriculture and livestock in South Korea can be effectively employed as energy sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Ju
- Graduate School of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yoon Ryu
- Graduate School of Environmental and Chemical Convergence Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yong Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
| | - Euijong Lee
- Graduate School of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Environmental and Chemical Convergence Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Hwan Jang
- Technical research institute, BHI Co., LTD, Gyeongsangnam-do 52063, Republic of Korea
| | - Daegi Kim
- Graduate School of Environmental Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Environmental and Chemical Convergence Engineering, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Jillyang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38453, Republic of Korea.
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