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Zhang L, Wang W, Chen T, Cui J, Li X, Liu A, Liu R, Fang L, Jiang J, Yang L, Wu D, Ying S. SAMHD1 dysfunction induces IL-34 expression via NF-κB p65 in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. Mol Immunol 2024; 168:1-9. [PMID: 38367301 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Dysfunctional mutations in SAMHD1 cause Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome, an autoinflammatory encephalopathy with elevated interferon-α levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Whether loss of function mutations in SAMHD1 trigger the expression of other cytokines apart from type I interferons in Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome is largely unclear. This study aimed to explore whether SAMHD1 dysfunction regulated the expression of IL-34, a key cytokine controlling the development and maintenance of microglia, in SH-SY5Y neural cells. We found that downregulation of SAMHD1 in SH-SY5Y cells resulted in the upregulation of IL-34 expression. The protein and mRNA levels of NF-κB p65, the transactivating subunit of a transcription factor NF-κB, were also upregulated in SAMHD1-knockdown SH-SY5Y cells. It was further found SAMHD1 knockdown in SH-SY5Y cells induced an upregulation of IL-34 expression through the canonical NF-κB-dependent pathway in which NF-κB p65, IKKα/β and the NF-κB inhibitor IκBα were phosphorylated. Moreover, knockdown of SAMHD1 in SH-SY5Y cells led to the translocation of NF-κB p65 into the nucleus and promoted NF-κB transcriptional activity. In conclusion, we found SAMHD1 dysfunction induced IL-34 expression via NF-κB p65 in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. This finding could lay the foundation for exploring the role of IL-34-targeting microglia in the pathogenesis of Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Jiuhao Cui
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Anran Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Rumeng Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Liwei Fang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Junhong Jiang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - De Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Songcheng Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China.
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Garau J, Cavallera V, Valente M, Tonduti D, Sproviero D, Zucca S, Battaglia D, Battini R, Bertini E, Cappanera S, Chiapparini L, Crasà C, Crichiutti G, Dalla Giustina E, D'Arrigo S, De Giorgis V, De Simone M, Galli J, La Piana R, Messana T, Moroni I, Nardocci N, Panteghini C, Parazzini C, Pichiecchio A, Pini A, Ricci F, Saletti V, Salvatici E, Santorelli FM, Sartori S, Tinelli F, Uggetti C, Veneselli E, Zorzi G, Garavaglia B, Fazzi E, Orcesi S, Cereda C. Molecular Genetics and Interferon Signature in the Italian Aicardi Goutières Syndrome Cohort: Report of 12 New Cases and Literature Review. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050750. [PMID: 31130681 PMCID: PMC6572054 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a genetically determined early onset encephalopathy characterized by cerebral calcification, leukodystrophy, and increased expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Up to now, seven genes (TREX1, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, RNASEH2A, ADAR1, SAMHD1, IFIH1) have been associated with an AGS phenotype. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis was performed on 51 AGS patients and interferon signature (IS) was investigated in 18 AGS patients and 31 healthy controls. NGS identified mutations in 48 of 51 subjects, with three patients demonstrating a typical AGS phenotype but not carrying mutations in known AGS-related genes. Five mutations, in RNASEH2B, SAMHD1 and IFIH1 gene, were not previously reported. Eleven patients were positive and seven negatives for the upregulation of interferon signaling (IS > 2.216). This work presents, for the first time, the genetic data of an Italian cohort of AGS patients, with a higher percentage of mutations in RNASEH2B and a lower frequency of mutations in TREX1 than those seen in international series. RNASEH2B mutated patients showed a prevalence of negative IS consistent with data reported in the literature. We also identified five novel pathogenic mutations that warrant further functional investigation. Exome/genome sequencing will be performed in future studies in patients without a mutation in AGS-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Garau
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Vanessa Cavallera
- Unit of Child and Adolescence Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Marialuisa Valente
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Davide Tonduti
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy.
| | - Daisy Sproviero
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Susanna Zucca
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Domenica Battaglia
- Child Neuropsichiatry, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy.
| | - Roberta Battini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56128 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Cappanera
- S.O.D. Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Ospedali Riuniti "G. Salesi", 60123 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Camilla Crasà
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | | | - Elvio Dalla Giustina
- Child Neurology Unit, IRCCS, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Stefano D'Arrigo
- Developmental Neurology Division, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Valentina De Giorgis
- Unit of Child and Adolescence Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Micaela De Simone
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Jessica Galli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Roberta La Piana
- Department of Neuroradiology andLaboratory of Neurogenetics of Motion, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A2B4, Canada.
| | - Tullio Messana
- Child Neurology Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Isabella Moroni
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Celeste Panteghini
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Movement Disorders Diagnostic Section, Fondazione Irccs IstitutoNeurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Parazzini
- Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Pichiecchio
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Antonella Pini
- Child Neurology Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche, 40139 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Federica Ricci
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Veronica Saletti
- Developmental Neurology Division, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Salvatici
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics San Paolo Hospital - ASST Santi Paolo Carlo, 20142 Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Stefano Sartori
- Paediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Francesca Tinelli
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56128 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Carla Uggetti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Radiology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, 20153 Milan, Italy.
| | - Edvige Veneselli
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute DINOGMI, University of Genoa, 16147 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Movement Disorders Diagnostic Section, Fondazione Irccs IstitutoNeurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisa Fazzi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Simona Orcesi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Unit of Child and Adolescence Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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