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Baglioni M, Poggi G, Giorgi R, Rivella P, Ogura T, Baglioni P. Selective removal of over-paintings from "Street Art" using an environmentally friendly nanostructured fluid loaded in highly retentive hydrogels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 595:187-201. [PMID: 33827010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The removal of over-paintings or graffiti is a priority for conservators and restorers. This operation is complex, especially when over-paintings lay on painted surfaces that must be preserved, as in the case of vandalism on street art, where the layers are usually chemically similar. Traditional methodologies often do not provide satisfactory results and pose health and eco-compatibility concerns. An alternative methodological approach based on an environmentally friendly nanostructured fluid loaded in a retentive hydrogel is here proposed. EXPERIMENTS Six paints (based on vinyl, acrylic and alkyd polymers) were selected and studied by means of attenuated total reflection - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The phase behavior of four alkyl carbonates (green, low-toxicity organic solvents) and a biodegradable nonionic surfactant in water was investigated with Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in order to formulate a novel nanostructured cleaning system. The developed system, which also includes 2-butanol and an alkyl glycoside hydrotrope, was loaded in highly retentive hydrogels and tested in the selective removal of over-paintings from laboratory mockups and from real pieces of street art. FINDINGS The selective and controlled removal of modern paints from substrates with similar chemical composition has been achieved using a specifically tailored NSF embedded in a retentive hydrogel. The proposed methodology and cleaning system provided excellent cleaning results, representing a new tool for the conservation of contemporary and, in particular, street art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Giovanna Poggi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Rodorico Giorgi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Paola Rivella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Taku Ogura
- NIKKOL GROUP Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd., 1-4-8, Nihonbashi-Bakurocho, Chuo-ku, 103-0002, Tokyo, Japan; NIKKOL GROUP Cosmos Technical Center Co., Ltd., 3-24-3 Hasune, Itabashi-ku, 174-0046, Tokyo, Japan; Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641, Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Piero Baglioni
- CSGI, Center for Colloids and Surface Science, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
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