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Fu Q, Qi T, Wu Z, He Y, Guan S, Luo S, Zhang Q, Luo W, Xiao W, Situ B, Zheng L. A portable smartphone-based hemoglobin point-of-care testing platform for accurate anemia diagnostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 217:114711. [PMID: 36113300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Anemia affects over 2 billion people worldwide, with the heaviest burden borne by women and children. At present, anemia is diagnosed by measuring hemoglobin (Hb) levels, which must be done in hospitals or commercial laboratories by skilled operators. In this work, we report a portable, affordable ($3), easy-to-operate (1 min) and accurate smartphone-based Hb analyzer (SHbA) that uses a drop of finger-pricked blood for anemia point-of-care test (POCT) applications. POCT of Hb was achieved using a smartphone ambient light sensor (ALS) to accurately measure the absorbance of colorimetric Hb biochemical analysis reagents in a microcuvette, as well as an Android-based application for results analysis. SHbA validation results agreed well with those reported by a hematology analyzer, and the SHbA has an anemia diagnosis sensitivity of 95.4% and specificity of 96.3% for venous blood (n = 360) and a sensitivity of 96.39% and specificity of 95.58% for fingertip blood (n = 475). In addition, SHbA exhibits excellent performance in the diagnosis and treatment guidance of anemia high-risk populations, including tumor chemotherapy patients (n = 424), pregnant women (n = 214) and thalassemia patients (n = 208). Importantly, volunteer self-testing results (n = 20) indicate that SHbA can be used for home-based anemia diagnosis and monitoring. SHbA has the advantages of high sensitivity and specificity while being cheap and easy to operate, making it widely applicable for the diagnosis and treatment of anemia, especially for high-risk patients in areas with poor medical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Fu
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Tao Qi
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ze Wu
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yongjian He
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Shujuan Guan
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Shihua Luo
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Luo
- Central Laboratory of Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511400, PR China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, PR China
| | - Bo Situ
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China.
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Xiao W, Huang C, Xu F, Yan J, Bian H, Fu Q, Xie K, Wang L, Tang Y. A simple and compact smartphone-based device for the quantitative readout of colloidal gold lateral flow immunoassay strips. Sens Actuators B Chem 2018; 266:63-70. [PMID: 32288251 PMCID: PMC7127147 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2018.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal gold lateral flow immunoassay strips (AuNPs-LFIS) have been widely applied as qualitative diagnostic tools for point-of-care tests (POCT). If strip readers were incorporated, their use could be extended to quantitative analysis. However, their cost and non-portability render commercial strip readers unavailable for use in either home testing, community or rural hospital diagnosis. This is particularly true for on-site testing. Here, a smartphone-based reader was designed and 3D-printed for quantitatively assess AuNPs-LFIS. The basic principle of the devise was relying on a smartphone's ambient light sensor (SPALS). This sensor was harnessed to measure the transmitted light intensities originating from the T-lines on the strips, the transmitted light intensities vary with concentration of AuNP on the T-lines. To validate this approach, our newly developed smartphone's ambient light sensor-based reader (SPALS-reader) was used to readout AuNPs-LFIS of three analytical targets: cadmium ion (Cd2+; limit of detection (LOD) was 0.16 ng/mL), clenbuterol (CL; LOD was 0.046 ng/mL), and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV; LOD was 0.055 μg/mL). The result showed good consistency with the results of conventional image analysis approaches, indicating that the smartphone-based device is appropriate for use in AuNPs-LFIS readouts. Compared with the traditional analysis method, the developed AuNPs-LFIS reader is easier operated, lower cost and more portable, which provided an on-site quantitative analysis tool for AuNPs-LFIS and enhances the applied range of AuNPs-LFIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Caihong Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hongfen Bian
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiangqiang Fu
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kaixin Xie
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Corresponding author at: Department of Bioengineering, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for antibody drug and immunoassay, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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