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Maruyama K, Aotsuka N, Kumano Y, Sato N, Kawashima N, Onda Y, Maruyama H, Katagiri T, Zaimoku Y, Nakagawa N, Hosomichi K, Ogawa S, Nakao S. Immune-Mediated Hematopoietic Failure after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Common Cause of Late Graft Failure in Patients with Complete Donor Chimerism. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017; 24:43-49. [PMID: 28860001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Late graft failure (LGF) without evidence of residual recipient cells is a serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) and often requires stem cell infusion from the same donor when the patient fails to respond to conventional therapies. We screened the peripheral blood (PB) of 14 patients who developed donor-type LGF at 2 to 132 months after allo-SCT for the presence of the markers for immune-mediated bone marrow (BM) failure. Increased glycosylphosphatidyl inositol-anchored protein-deficient (GPI-AP-) leukocytes, which accounted for .009% to 0.147% of the total granulocytes, were detected in 5 patients (severe aplastic anemia, n = 2; follicular lymphoma, n = 1; acute lymphoblastic leukemia, n = 1; myelodysplastic syndromes; n = 1) and 4.7% to 81.2% HLA-allele-lacking leukocytes (HLA-LLs) were detected in 2 patients (acute myelogenous leukemia, n = 1; and myelodysplastic syndromes, n = 1). Three of the 5 patients with increased GPI-AP- leukocytes were treated with antithymocyte globulin (ATG), and 2 patients achieved transfusion independence. These results suggest that immune mechanisms that are similar to acquired aplastic anemia underlie condition of approximately one-half of the patients with donor-type LGF, and that in patients with increased GPI-AP- cells, donor-derived hematopoiesis may be restored by ATG therapy alone without donor stem cell infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Maruyama
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Aotsuka
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Narita, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kumano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keiju Kanazawa Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoko Sato
- Department of Hematology, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Naomi Kawashima
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Onda
- Department of Hematology, Takatsuki Red Cross Hospital, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Maruyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keiju Kanazawa Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takamasa Katagiri
- Clinical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Zaimoku
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Noriharu Nakagawa
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hosomichi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakao
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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