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Rainone M, Behrendt CE, Kasparian S, Nguyen T, Sedrak MS, Lavasani S, Stewart DB, Yuan Y, Mortimer JE, Waisman JR, Patel N, Pullarkat V. HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates for breast cancer: ancestry and dose adjustment for thrombocytopenia. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:796-801. [PMID: 37326930 PMCID: PMC10404202 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombocytopenia is a common adverse event on HER2-targeted therapies, fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1). A reported association of Asian ancestry with this event merits investigation to rule out potential confounding. METHODS Subjects in this retrospective cohort were female patients with HER2 positive breast cancer, of Asian or non-Hispanic White ancestry, who initiated T-DM1 or T-DXd from January 2017 through October 2021. Follow-up closed in January 2022. Primary endpoint was dose adjustment for thrombocytopenia. Competing endpoints were discontinuation of drug for other toxicity, disease progression, or for completion of prescribed cycles. The association between Asian ancestry and thrombocytopenia-related dose adjustment was tested at p < 0.01 in a proportional hazards model for the sub-distributions of 4 (primary and competing) endpoints. Covariates examined as potential confounders were age, metastatic disease, specific HER2-targeted drug, and prior drug switching for toxicity. RESULTS Among 181 subjects, 48 reported Asian ancestry. Incidence of dose adjustment for thrombocytopenia was higher in patients with Asian ancestry and among patients switched to T-DXd after experiencing thrombocytopenia on T-DM1. Independent of specific drug and prior drug switching, Asian ancestry was associated with dose adjustment for thrombocytopenia (hazards ratio 2.95, 95% confidence interval 1.41-6.18) but not with competing endpoints. Among participants of Asian ancestry, the ancestral origin was usually China or the Philippines (where Chinese ancestry is common). CONCLUSIONS The association between Asian ancestry and thrombocytopenia on HER2-targeted therapy is independent of age, metastatic disease, drug, and history of similar toxicity. This association may have a genetic basis linked to Chinese ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rainone
- Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
- Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Carolyn E Behrendt
- Biostatistics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Saro Kasparian
- Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
- Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Tina Nguyen
- Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Mina S Sedrak
- Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Sayeh Lavasani
- Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Daphne B Stewart
- Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
- Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Joanne E Mortimer
- Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
| | - James R Waisman
- Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Niki Patel
- Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA
- Medical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Vinod Pullarkat
- Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91101, USA.
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Heckmann JM, Europa TA, Soni AJ, Nel M. The Epidemiology and Phenotypes of Ocular Manifestations in Childhood and Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis: A Review. Front Neurol 2022; 13:834212. [PMID: 35280301 PMCID: PMC8904732 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.834212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) appears to have a similar incidence among adult populations worldwide. However, epidemiological and phenotypic differences have been noted among children and juveniles with MG. We reviewed the literature on childhood- and juvenile-onset MG among different populations, with the focus on ocular involvement, antibody profiles, the genetic susceptibility to juvenile MG phenotypes, the use of immune treatments, and the reported responses of extraocular muscles to therapies. Although epidemiological studies used different methodologies, reports from Asia, compared to Europe, showed more than two-fold higher proportions of prepubertal onset (before 12 years) vs. postpubertal-onset juveniles with MG. Compared to European children, ocular MG was 4-fold more frequent among Asian children, and 2–3-fold more frequent among children with African ancestry both in prepubertal and postpubertal ages at onset. These results suggest genetic influences. In Asia, HLA-B*46 and DRB1*09 appeared overrepresented in children with ocular MG. In Europe, children with MG had a significantly higher rate of transforming from ocular to generalized disease and with an overrepresentation of HLADRB1*04. Although treatment regimens vary widely and the responses to immune therapies of the ocular muscles involved in MG were generally poorly described, there were indications that earlier use of steroid therapy may have better outcomes. Reports of treatment-resistant ophthalmoplegia may be more frequent in African and Asian juvenile MG cohorts compared to Europeans. Genetic and muscle gene expression studies point to dysregulated muscle atrophy signaling and mitochondrial metabolism pathways as pathogenetic mechanisms underpinning treatment-resistant ophthalmoplegia in susceptible individuals. In conclusion, phenotypic differences in juveniles with ocular manifestations of MG were evident in different populations suggesting pathogenetic influences. Treatment responses in MG-associated ocular disease should attract more careful descriptive reports. In MG, extraocular muscles may be vulnerable to critical periods of poor force generation and certain individuals may be particularly susceptible to developing treatment-resistant ophthalmoplegia. The development of prognostic biomarkers to identify these susceptible individuals is an unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannine M Heckmann
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Neurology Research Group, University of Cape Town (UCT) Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tarin A Europa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Neurology Research Group, University of Cape Town (UCT) Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Aayesha J Soni
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Melissa Nel
- Neurology Research Group, University of Cape Town (UCT) Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Lawrenson K, Song F, Hazelett DJ, Kar SP, Tyrer J, Phelan CM, Corona RI, Rodríguez-Malavé NI, Seo JH, Adler E, Coetzee SG, Segato F, Fonseca MAS, Amos CI, Carney ME, Chenevix-Trench G, Choi J, Doherty JA, Jia W, Jin GJ, Kim BG, Le ND, Lee J, Li L, Lim BK, Adenan NA, Mizuno M, Park B, Pearce CL, Shan K, Shi Y, Shu XO, Sieh W, Thompson PJ, Wilkens LR, Wei Q, Woo YL, Yan L, Karlan BY, Freedman ML, Noushmehr H, Goode EL, Berchuck A, Sellers TA, Teo SH, Zheng W, Matsuo K, Park S, Chen K, Pharoah PDP, Gayther SA, Goodman MT. Genome-wide association studies identify susceptibility loci for epithelial ovarian cancer in east Asian women. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 153:343-355. [PMID: 30898391 PMCID: PMC6754211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have focused largely on populations of European ancestry. We aimed to identify common germline variants associated with EOC risk in Asian women. METHODS Genotyping was performed as part of the OncoArray project. Samples with >60% Asian ancestry were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed on 533,631 SNPs in 3238 Asian subjects diagnosed with invasive or borderline EOC and 4083 unaffected controls. After imputation, genotypes were available for 11,595,112 SNPs to identify associations. RESULTS At chromosome 6p25.2, SNP rs7748275 was associated with risk of serous EOC (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, P = 8.7 × 10-9) and high-grade serous EOC (HGSOC) (OR = 1.34, P = 4.3 × 10-9). SNP rs6902488 at 6p25.2 (r2 = 0.97 with rs7748275) lies in an active enhancer and is predicted to impact binding of STAT3, P300 and ELF1. We identified additional risk loci with low Bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP) scores, indicating they are likely to be true risk associations (BFDP <10%). At chromosome 20q11.22, rs74272064 was associated with HGSOC risk (OR = 1.27, P = 9.0 × 10-8). Overall EOC risk was associated with rs10260419 at chromosome 7p21.3 (OR = 1.33, P = 1.2 × 10-7) and rs74917072 at chromosome 2q37.3 (OR = 1.25, P = 4.7 × 10-7). At 2q37.3, expression quantitative trait locus analysis in 404 HGSOC tissues identified ESPNL as a putative candidate susceptibility gene (P = 1.2 × 10-7). CONCLUSION While some risk loci were shared between East Asian and European populations, others were population-specific, indicating that the landscape of EOC risk in Asian women has both shared and unique features compared to women of European ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Lawrenson
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Fengju Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Dennis J Hazelett
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Siddhartha P Kar
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rosario I Corona
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Norma I Rodríguez-Malavé
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ji-Hei Seo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Adler
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, 1450 Biggy Street, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simon G Coetzee
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Felipe Segato
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos A S Fonseca
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor School of Medicine, Houston,TX, USA
| | - Michael E Carney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Genetics and Computational Biology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Jiyeob Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Jon M. and Karen Huntsman Endowed Associate Professor in Cancer Research Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, USA
| | - Weihua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Gang J Jin
- ShanghaiBio Corporation, Shanghai, China; CloudHealth Genomics Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Byoung-Gie Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Nhu D Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Juyeon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Lian Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Boon K Lim
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor A Adenan
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mika Mizuno
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Boyoung Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Celeste L Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kang Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yongyong Shi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pamela J Thompson
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, HI, USA
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yin L Woo
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 290W, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew L Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Houtan Noushmehr
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil; Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thomas A Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Sue Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kexin Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marc T Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Community and Population Health Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Birthweight is an important predictor of infant morbidity and mortality, and is associated with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and diabetes in childhood and adulthood. Birthweight and fetal growth show regional and population variations even under similar maternal conditions, and a large proportion of these differences are not explained by environmental factors. Whether and to what extent population genetic variations at key birthweight-associated loci account for the residual birthweight disparities not explained by environmental determinants is unknown. We hypothesized that the cumulative burden of genetic variants with a birthweight-lowering effect (GRB) is different among ancestrally diverse populations. METHODS Genotype data were extracted from phase 3 of the 1000 Genomes Project for 2504 participants from 26 global populations grouped into five super-populations. GRB was calculated in offspring as the weighted sum of the number of birthweight-lowering genetic variants of 59 autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with birthweight, and comparisons were made between Europeans and non-Europeans. RESULTS GRB was significantly higher in Africans (mean difference 3.15; 95% confidence interval 2.64, 3.66), admixed Americans (3.02; 2.34, 3.70), East Asians (2.85; 2.29, 3.41), and South Asians (1.07; 0.49, 1.65) compared to Europeans. Birthweight-lowering genetic variants in Africans and East Asians were enriched for rare and frequency-fixed alleles (P < 0.001). African and Asian populations had the greatest deviation from the expectation of the common disease-common variant hyothesis. Compared to Europeans, the GRB of ancestral alleles was significantly higher and that of derived alleles was significantly lower in non-Europeans (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The burden of birthweight-lowering genetic variants is higher in Africans and East Asians. This finding is consistent with the high incidence of low birthweight in the two populations. The genetic variants we studied may not be causal and the extent to which they tag the causal variants in non-Europeans is unknown; however, our findings highlight that genetic variations contribute to population differences in birthweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasil Tekola-Ayele
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Drive, Room 3204, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
| | - Tsegaselassie Workalemahu
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Drive, Room 3204, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Azmeraw T Amare
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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