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Osinga TE, Oosting SF, van der Meer P, de Boer RA, Kuenen BC, Rutgers A, Bergmann L, Oude Munnink TH, Jalving M, van Kruchten M. Immune checkpoint inhibitor- associated myocarditis : Case reports and a review of the literature. Neth Heart J 2022; 30:295-301. [PMID: 35061242 PMCID: PMC9123105 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-021-01655-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly recognised to effectuate long-lasting therapeutic responses in solid tumours. However, ICI therapy can also result in various immune-related adverse events, such as ICI-associated myocarditis, a rare but serious complication. The clinical spectrum is wide and includes asymptomatic patients and patients with fulminant heart failure, making it challenging to diagnose this condition. Furthermore, the optimal diagnostic algorithm and treatment of ICI-associated myocarditis is unknown. In this review, we describe two cases on both ends of the spectrum and discuss the challenges in recognising, diagnosing and treating ICI-associated myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Osinga
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S F Oosting
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B C Kuenen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Rutgers
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - L Bergmann
- Medical Clinic II, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - T H Oude Munnink
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Jalving
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M van Kruchten
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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