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Abi-Aad KR, Rahme RJ, Patra DP, Turcotte EL, Richter KR, Merrill SA, Syal A, Neville MR, Hudson M, Garcia JO, Tawk RG, Chong BW, Krishna C, Bendok BR. Clinical outcomes of first- and second-generation hydrogel coils compared with bare platinum coils: a systematic literature review. Neurosurg Rev 2022. [PMID: 35031898 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-021-01632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Endovascular coiling has revolutionized intracranial aneurysm treatment; however, recurrence continues to represent a major limitation. The hydrogel coil was developed to increase packing density and improve neck healing and therefore decrease recurrence rates. In this paper, we review treatment outcomes of first- (1HCs) and second-generation (2HCs) hydrogel coils and compare them to those of bare platinum coils (BPC). A query of multiple databases was performed. Articles with at least 10 aneurysms treated with either 1HC or 2HC were selected for analysis. Collected data included aneurysm size, rupture status, initial occlusion, initial residual neck/aneurysm, packing density, mortality, morbidity, recurrence, and retreatment rates. The primary endpoint was recurrence at final follow-up. Secondary endpoints included residual neck and dome rates as well as procedure-related complications and functional dependence at final follow-up. Studies that compared 1HC to BPC showed significant lower recurrence (24% vs. 30.8%, p = 0.02) and higher packing density (58.5% vs. 24.1%, p < 0.001) in 1HC but no significant difference in initial occlusion rate (p = 0.08). Studies that compared 2HC to BPC showed lower recurrence (6.3% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.007) and retreatment rates (3.4% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.010) as well as higher packing density (36.4% vs. 29.2%, p = 0.002) in 2HC, with similar initial occlusion rate (p = 0.86). The rate of complications was not statistically different between HC (25.5%) and BPC (22.6%, p = 0.06). Based on our review, the 1HC and 2HC achieved higher packing density and lower recurrence rates compared to BPC. The safety profile was similar between both groups.
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Bendok BR, Abi-Aad KR, Ward JD, Kniss JF, Kwasny MJ, Rahme RJ, Aoun SG, El Ahmadieh TY, El Tecle NE, Zammar SG, Aoun RJN, Patra DP, Ansari SA, Raymond J, Woo HH, Fiorella D, Dabus G, Milot G, Delgado Almandoz JE, Scott JA, DeNardo AJ, Dashti SR. The Hydrogel Endovascular Aneurysm Treatment Trial (HEAT): A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Second-Generation Hydrogel Coil. Neurosurgery 2020; 86:615-624. [PMID: 32078692 PMCID: PMC7534546 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aneurysm recurrence after coiling has been associated with aneurysm growth, (re)hemorrhage, and a greater need for follow-up. The second-generation HydroCoil Embolic System (HES; MicroVention, Inc) consists of a platinum core with integrated hydrogel and was developed to reduce recurrence through enhancing packing density and healing within the aneurysm. OBJECTIVE To compare recurrence between the second-generation HES and bare platinum coil (BPC) in the new-generation Hydrogel Endovascular Aneurysm Treatment Trial (HEAT). METHODS HEAT is a randomized, controlled trial that enrolled subjects with ruptured or unruptured 3- to 14-mm intracranial aneurysms amenable to coiling. The primary endpoint was aneurysm recurrence using the Raymond-Roy scale. Secondary endpoints included minor and major recurrence, packing density, adverse events related to the procedure and/or device, mortality, initial complete occlusion, aneurysm retreatment, hemorrhage from target aneurysm during follow-up, aneurysm occlusion stability, and clinical outcome at final follow-up. RESULTS A total of 600 patients were randomized (HES, n = 297 and BPC, n = 303), including 28% with ruptured aneurysms. Recurrence occurred in 11 (4.4%) subjects in the HES arm and 44 (15.4%) subjects in the BPC arm (P = .002). While the initial occlusion rate was higher with BPC, the packing density and both major and minor recurrence rates were in favor of HES. Secondary endpoints including adverse events, retreatment, hemorrhage, mortality, and clinical outcome did not differ between arms. CONCLUSION Coiling of small-to-medium aneurysms with second-generation HES resulted in less recurrence when compared to BPC, without increased harm. These data further support the use of the second-generation HES for the embolization of intracranial aneurysms. VIDEO ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard R Bendok
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.,Department of Otolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.,Precision Neuro-therapeutics Innovation Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.,Neurosurgery Simulation and Innovation Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Karl R Abi-Aad
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.,Precision Neuro-therapeutics Innovation Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.,Neurosurgery Simulation and Innovation Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Jennifer D Ward
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason F Kniss
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mary J Kwasny
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rudy J Rahme
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Salah G Aoun
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Tarek Y El Ahmadieh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Najib E El Tecle
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Saint Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Samer G Zammar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Rami James N Aoun
- Department of General Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Devi P Patra
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.,Precision Neuro-therapeutics Innovation Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.,Neurosurgery Simulation and Innovation Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Sameer A Ansari
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jean Raymond
- Laboratoire de Neuroradiologie Interventionnelle, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Henry H Woo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York
| | - David Fiorella
- Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Guilherme Dabus
- Interventional Neuroradiology and Neuroendovascular Surgery, Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, Florida
| | - Genevieve Milot
- Département de Chirurgie, CHU de Quebec, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | - John A Scott
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Andrew J DeNardo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Shervin R Dashti
- Department of Neurological Surgery Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, Kentucky
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