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Lin Y, Zhang J, Li X, Zheng D, Yu X, Liu Y, Lan F, Wang Z. Biallelic mutations in DCDC2 cause neonatal sclerosing cholangitis in a Chinese family. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:e103-e108. [PMID: 32205117 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal sclerosing cholangitis (NSC) is a severe cholestatic liver disease, which often develops into end-stage liver disease in childhood and requires liver transplantation. Mutations in CLDN1 and DCDC2 are confirmed to be the main pathogenic mechanism of NSC. METHODS Whole exon sequencing (WES) was performed to find the possible disease-causing mutations of this family. The mutation was confirmed by Sanger sequencing, and large fragment copy number variation was confirmed by qPCR. RESULTS We found novel biallelic mutations c.[705-2A>G];[923_1023del] in the DCDC2 gene of the proband. The proband's father had the heterozygous mutation c.705-2A>G, and his mother had a heterozygous c.923_1023del. The proband's younger brother, who had similar clinical manifestations, was found the same biallelic mutations with the proband. CONCLUSION Novel biallelic mutations were identified in DCDC2 of this Chinese family, according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines for interpretation of sequence variants, both mutations were classified as pathogenic, which might be the cause of NSC in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Lin
- Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzong Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, 156, Xi'erhuanbei Road, 350025 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianxing Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 350025 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzong Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, 156, Xi'erhuanbei Road, 350025 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dezhu Zheng
- Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzong Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, 156, Xi'erhuanbei Road, 350025 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiurong Yu
- Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzong Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, 156, Xi'erhuanbei Road, 350025 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yichu Liu
- Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzong Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, 156, Xi'erhuanbei Road, 350025 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fenghua Lan
- Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzong Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, 156, Xi'erhuanbei Road, 350025 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzong Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, 156, Xi'erhuanbei Road, 350025 Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Al-Hamed MH, Alsahan N, Rice SJ, Edwards N, Nooreddeen E, Alotaibi M, Kurdi W, Alnemer M, Altaleb N, Ali W, Al-Numair N, Almejaish N, Sayer JA, Imtiaz F. Bialleleic PKD1 mutations underlie early-onset autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Saudi Arabian families. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:1615-23. [PMID: 31079206 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common genetic renal diseases and may be inherited in an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive pattern. Pathogenic variants in two major genes, PKD1 and PKD2, and two rarer genes, GANAB and DNAJB11, cause autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD). Early onset and severe PKD can occur with PKD1 and PKD2 pathogenic variants and such phenotypes may be modified by second alleles inherited in trans. Homozygous or compound heterozygous hypomorphic PKD1 variants may also cause a moderate to severe disease PKD phenotype. METHODS Targeted renal gene panel followed by Sanger sequencing of PKD1 gene were employed to investigate molecular causes in early onset PKD patients. RESULTS In this study, we report four consanguineous Saudi Arabian families with early onset PKD which were associated with biallelic variants in PKD1 gene. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm that PKD1 alleles may combine to produce severe paediatric onset PKD mimicking the more severe autosomal recessive ciliopathy syndromes associated with PKD. Screening of parents of such children may also reveal subclinical PKD phenotypes.
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Isik E, Aykut A, Atik T, Cogulu O, Ozkinay F. Biallelic TOR1A mutations cause severe arthrogryposis: A case requiring reverse phenotyping. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 62:103544. [PMID: 30244176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in TOR1A gene are known to be responsible for DYT1 dystonia with incomplete penetrance. Autosomal recessive TOR1A disease is a very recently described syndrome characterized by severe arthrogryposis, developmental delay, strabismus and tremor. A 2 month-old boy with severe arthrogryposis and developmental delay was referred to our department for genetic counseling. Dystonic movements were observed on physical examination. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense variant in exon 5 of TOR1A (c.862C > T, p.Arg288*). Our results expand the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of biallelic TOR1A disease, while emphasizing the importance of reverse phenotyping in the diagnosis of rare genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Isik
- Subdivision of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ayca Aykut
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tahir Atik
- Subdivision of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Cogulu
- Subdivision of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ozkinay
- Subdivision of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Hemminger JA, Pearlman R, Haraldsdottir S, Knight D, Jonasson JG, Pritchard CC, Hampel H, Frankel WL. Histology of colorectal adenocarcinoma with double somatic mismatch-repair mutations is indistinguishable from those caused by Lynch syndrome. Hum Pathol 2018; 78:125-130. [PMID: 29723603 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common form of hereditary colon cancer. Germline mutations in the mismatch-repair (MMR) genes MLH1, MSH2 (EPCAM), MSH6, and PMS2, followed by a second hit to the remaining allele, lead to cancer development. Universal tumor screening for LS is routinely performed on colon cancer, and screening has identified patients with unexplained MMR deficiency that lack MLH1 methylation and a germline mutation. Tumor sequencing has since identified double somatic (DS) mutations in the MMR gene corresponding with the absent protein in 69% of these patients. We assessed whether histomorphology could distinguish patients with DS mutations from those with LS. Colorectal cancer patients with DS mutations were identified from population-based cohorts from Iceland (2000-2009); Columbus, Ohio (1999-2005); and the state of Ohio (2013-2016). Next-generation sequencing was performed on tumors with unexplained MMR deficiency. Patients with LS from Ohio cohorts were the comparison group. The histologic features associated with MMR deficiency (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, Crohn-like reaction, histologic subtype, necrosis) were evaluated. We identified 43 tumors with DS mutations and 48 from patients with LS. There was no significant difference in histologic features between tumors in LS patients and tumors with DS mutations. Because histology of tumors with DS mutations is indistinguishable from those caused by LS, tumor sequencing for evaluation of DS mutations should be considered to help clarify sporadic versus hereditary causes of unexplained MMR deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Hemminger
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rachel Pearlman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sigurdis Haraldsdottir
- Department of Medicine/Oncology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Deborah Knight
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Colin C Pritchard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Heather Hampel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wendy L Frankel
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Pronicka E, Ciara E, Halat P, Janiec A, Wójcik M, Rowińska E, Rokicki D, Płudowski P, Wojciechowska E, Wierzbicka A, Książyk JB, Jacoszek A, Konrad M, Schlingmann KP, Litwin M. Biallelic mutations in CYP24A1 or SLC34A1 as a cause of infantile idiopathic hypercalcemia (IIH) with vitamin D hypersensitivity: molecular study of 11 historical IIH cases. J Appl Genet 2017; 58:349-353. [PMID: 28470390 PMCID: PMC5509812 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-017-0397-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia (IIH) is a mineral metabolism disorder characterized by severe hypercalcemia, failure to thrive, vomiting, dehydration, and nephrocalcinosis. The periodical increase in incidence of IIH, which occurred in the twentieth century in the United Kingdom, Poland, and West Germany, turned out to be a side effect of rickets over-prophylaxis. It was recently discovered that the condition is linked to two genes, CYP24A1 and SLC34A1. The aim of the study was to search for pathogenic variants of the genes in adult persons who were shortlisted in infancy as IIH caused by “hypersensitivity to vit. D”. All persons were found to carry mutations in CYP24A1 or SLC34A1, nine and two persons respectively. The changes were biallelic, with one exception. Incidence of IIH in Polish population estimated on the basis of allele frequency of recurrent p.R396W CYP24A1 variant, is 1:32,465 births. It indicates that at least a thousand homozygotes and compound heterozygotes with risk of IIH live in the country. Differences in mechanism of developing hypercalcemia indicate that its prevention may vary in both IIH defects. Theoretically, vit. D restriction is a first indication for CYP24A1 defect (which disturbs 1,25(OH)2D degradation) and phosphate supplementation for SLC34A1 defect (which impairs renal phosphate transport). In conclusion, we suggest that molecular testing for CYP24A1 and SLC34A1 mutations should be performed in each case of idiopathic hypercalcemia/hypercalciuria, both in children and adults, to determine the proper way for acute treatment and complications prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pronicka
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland. .,Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Ciara
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Halat
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Janiec
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Wójcik
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Rowińska
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Rokicki
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Płudowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Wojciechowska
- Department of Nephrology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aldona Wierzbicka
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz B Książyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jacoszek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Mieczysław Litwin
- Department of Nephrology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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