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Balakumar S, Mahesh N, Kamaraj M, Shyamalagowri S, Manjunathan J, Murugesan S, Aravind J, Babu PS. Outlook on bismuth-based photocatalysts for environmental applications: A specific emphasis on Z-scheme mechanisms. Chemosphere 2022; 303:135052. [PMID: 35618054 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor photocatalysis is thought to be a viable solution for addressing the growing problem of environmental pollution. Bismuth (Bi) metal oxides can function as a direct plasmonic photocatalyst or cocatalyst to accelerate the photogenerated charge separation and thus improve their photocatalytic activity. Hence, Bi-based photocatalysts have received a lot of attention due to their extensive environmental applications, including pollutant remediation and energy concepts. Massive efforts have been undertaken in the recent decade to find superior Bi-metal oxides (Bi2XO6, X = MO, W, or Cr) and to uncover the corresponding photocatalytic reaction mechanism for the degradation of organic contaminants in water. Herein, the unique crystalline and electronic properties and main synthesis methods, as well as the major Bi-Based direct Z-scheme photocatalysts, are timely discussed and summarized in their usage in water treatment. Besides, the impact of Bi2XO6 in energy storage devices and solar energy conversion is reviewed as an energy application. Finally, the future development and challenges of Z-scheme-based Bi2XO6 photocatalysts are briefly explored, summarized, and forecasted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Balakumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Srinivasa Ramanujan Centre, SASTRA Deemed to Be University, Kumbakonam, 612001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Narayanan Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Srinivasa Ramanujan Centre, SASTRA Deemed to Be University, Kumbakonam, 612001, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - M Kamaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology - Ramapuram Campus, Chennai, 600089, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Shyamalagowri
- PG and Research Department of Botany, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai, 600030, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Manjunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, 600117, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Murugesan
- PG and Research Department of Botany, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai, 600030, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Aravind
- Department of Bio-Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Suresh Babu
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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