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Schneider MM, Hollinger B, Zimmerer A, Nietschke R, Michaely H, Migliorini F, Maffulli N, Burkhart KJ. Ossification of the posterior capitellum: description of a new pathology and its radiological appearance. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2023; 143:4019-4029. [PMID: 36399163 PMCID: PMC10293325 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-022-04689-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boxer elbow and handball goalkeeper elbow are causes of impingement characterized by osteophytes formation at the olecranon and coronoid tip as well as their corresponding fossae. Herein, we present another distinct pathology in these patients: the formation of an exostosis at the posterolateral aspect of the elbow. METHODS Between April 2016 and May 2020, 12 athletes with boxer elbow and handball goalkeeper elbow (mean age of 22 years) suffering from elbow pain were enrolled in the present study. Plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computer tomography (CT) scans were used to evaluate the bone conformation of the posterolateral aspect of the elbow. Assessment and staging of the ossification was performed by two independent fellowship-trained elbow surgeons. RESULTS Bone marrow edema of the posterior aspect of the elbow at the origin of the anconeus muscle was initially detected in MRI scans. With the progression of the condition, imaging revealed an ossification posterior to the capitellum with bony bridges. In the advanced stage of the disease, the exostoses was unstable as the ossification had no adherence to the posterior capitellum during surgical excision. Plain radiographs are limited in their ability to detect the condition, whereas MRI and CT scans allow to identify a signal enhancement at the posterolateral aspect of the elbow. CONCLUSION In patients without history of elbow trauma, bony irregularities of the posterior aspect of the capitellum may indicate ossification of the posterolateral aspect of the elbow, most likely caused by repetitive hyperextensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Schneider
- Arcus Sportklinik, Rastatter Str. 17-19, 75179, Pforzheim, Germany.
- University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany.
| | - B Hollinger
- Abteilung Sportorthopädie, Orthopädische Klinik Markgröningen, Markgröningen, Germany
| | - A Zimmerer
- Arcus Sportklinik, Rastatter Str. 17-19, 75179, Pforzheim, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Nietschke
- Arcus Sportklinik, Rastatter Str. 17-19, 75179, Pforzheim, Germany
| | - H Michaely
- MVZ Radiologie Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - F Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - N Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke on Trent, England, UK
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, UK
| | - K J Burkhart
- Arcus Sportklinik, Rastatter Str. 17-19, 75179, Pforzheim, Germany
- University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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2
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Haseler J, Tundo I, Southerden P. Marsupialisation of 12 odontogenic cysts in Boxer dogs: Retrospective case series. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1099128. [PMID: 36733637 PMCID: PMC9887282 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1099128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Marsupialisation of odontogenic cysts is a minimally invasive treatment method used in human dentistry. Marsupialisation decompresses the cyst and promotes remodeling of alveolar bone and shrinkage of the cyst. In this retrospective study we look at the effectiveness of marsupialisation at reducing the size of odontogenic cysts in dogs. The case series consists of six Boxer dogs with 12 odontogenic cysts. Each case underwent a high resolution CT scan prior to treatment and at follow-up. Each CT scan was reviewed, the volume of each cyst calculated using manual segmentation and the reduction in cyst volume calculated. There was a marked reduction in cystic volume of 66.6% over a mean of 138 days. This shows that the use of marsupialisation effective method of reducing cyst volume.
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Meurs KM, Montgomery K, Friedenberg SG, Williams B, Gilger BC. A defect in the NOG gene increases susceptibility to spontaneous superficial chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCED) in boxer dogs. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:254. [PMID: 34311726 PMCID: PMC8314488 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Superficial chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs) are spontaneous corneal defects in dogs that share many clinical and pathologic characteristics to recurrent corneal erosions (RCE) in humans. Boxer dogs are predisposed to SCCEDs, therefore a search for a genetic defect was performed to explain this susceptibility. DNA was extracted from blood collected from Boxer dogs with and without SCCEDs followed by whole genome sequencing (WGS). RNA sequencing of corneal tissue and immunostaining of corneal sections from affected SCCED Boxer dogs with a deletion in the NOG gene and affected non-Boxer dogs without the deletion were performed. Results A 30 base pair deletion at a splice site in Noggin (NOG) (Chr 9:31453999) was identified by WGS and was significantly associated (P < 0.0001) with Boxer SCCEDs compared to unaffected non-Boxer dogs. NOG, BMP4, MMP13, and NCAM1 all had significant fold reductions in expression and SHH was significantly increased in Boxers with the NOG deletion as identified by RNA-Seq. Corneal IHC from NOG deletion dogs with SCCEDs had lower NOG and significantly higher scores of BMP2. Conclusions Many Boxer dogs with SCCED have a genetic defect in NOG. NOG is a constitutive protein in the cornea which is a potent inhibitor of BMP, which likely regulate limbal epithelial progenitor cells (LEPC). Dysregulation of LEPC may play a role in the pathogenesis of RCE. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-02955-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Meurs
- Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27613, USA.,Present address: Upstate Veterinary Specialties, Latham, NY, USA
| | - Keith Montgomery
- Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27613, USA.,Present address: Upstate Veterinary Specialties, Latham, NY, USA
| | | | - Brian Williams
- Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27613, USA.,Present address: Upstate Veterinary Specialties, Latham, NY, USA
| | - Brian C Gilger
- Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27613, USA. .,Present address: Upstate Veterinary Specialties, Latham, NY, USA.
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Cunningham SM, Dos Santos L. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in dogs. J Vet Cardiol 2021; 40:156-169. [PMID: 34503916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited myocardial disease seen in dogs, cats, and humans. A common entity in Boxers and the related English bulldog, the disease is characterized by fatty or fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium, ventricular arrhythmias, and the potential for syncope or sudden death. In some individuals, concomitant left ventricular involvement results in systolic dysfunction and a progression to congestive heart failure. The clinical and pathological characteristics of ARVC share many similarities in dogs and humans, and Boxers serve as an important spontaneous model of the disease. Although multiple mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ARVC, the disease is ultimately considered to be a disorder of the desmosome. Multiple causal genetic mutations have been identified in people, and over 50% of affected humans have an identifiable mutation in desmosomal proteins. To date, only a single genetic mutation has been associated with ARVC in Boxer dogs. Other as-yet-undiscovered genetic mutations and epigenetic modifiers of the disease are likely. Treatment of ARVC in dogs is focused on controlling ventricular arrhythmias and associated clinical signs. This article will review the pathophysiology, clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of ARVC in the dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Cunningham
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, 01536, MA, USA.
| | - L Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, 01536, MA, USA
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Şahin E. A new radiographic classification of fifth distal metacarpal fractures. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:1355-1360. [PMID: 34195920 PMCID: PMC8244675 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fifth metacarpal fractures are the most common in all of hand fractures. To our knowledge, the classification of the fifth distal metacarpal bone fractures has not been studied. AIMS The aim of this study was to describe a new classification system based on x-ray and to evaluate its reliability and reproducibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 166 fifth distal metacarpal fractures were identified for classification and recorded. Two orthopedic surgeons reviewed and categorized them according to a newly designed classification. twice 1 month apart. Reliabilities of intra- and inter-observer were calculated with Spearman's rho correlation coefficient. RESULTS Mean values of inter and intra-observer reliability were excellent (p = 0.85) and substantial (p = 0.70), respectively. In 166 patients (163 males and 3 females), concerning the percentage of the distribution of fracture types, the most common type was Type I accounted for 81 (48.8%) followed by Type II 70 (42.2%), Type III 11 (6.6%), and Type IV 4 (2.4%). Type Ia was the most prevalent among all groups. CONCLUSION This study represented a unique classification system for fractures of the distal part of the fifth metacarpal bone. Categorization in radiographs might provide ideas regarding the prognosis and clinical outcomes of fracture patterns. Therefore, this study could guide future investigations to determine the first-line treatment of fifth distal metacarpal fracture patterns using this classification and help form a common language among surgeons concerning their treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ertuğrul Şahin
- Kemalpaşa State Hospital, Sekiz Eylul Mahallesi, Kırovası küme boulevard, 8/1 street, 35730, Kemalpaşa, Izmir, Turkey.
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Chompoosan C, Schrøder AS, Bach MBT, Møgelvang R, Willesen JL, Langhorn R, Koch J. Transthoracic two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiography for the measurement of mitral valve area planimetry in English Bull Terriers with and without heart disease. J Vet Cardiol 2021; 36:169-179. [PMID: 34298447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mitral valve area (MVA) planimetry is used to diagnose and classify mitral stenosis (MS) in humans using two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiography (MVA2D and MVA3D). This study aimed to evaluate agreement, feasibility, and observer variability between MVA2D and MVA3D in English Bull Terriers (BT). Our hypotheses were (1) that the MVA of BT is generally smaller than that of breeds with similar body weight and (2) that these techniques could be used to diagnose MS in BTs. ANIMALS Twenty healthy BTs, 15 healthy Boxers, and 49 BTs with heart disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective diagnostic agreement study was conducted. All dogs underwent a thorough clinical examination, conventional transthoracic echocardiography, and three-dimensional echocardiography. RESULTS Bland-Altman plots (limits of agreement: 0.12-1.5) showed consistent bias and poor agreement between MVA2D and MVA3D. For the 69 BTs, MVA3D (2.1 ± 0.50 cm2) measurements were significantly lower than MVA2D measurements (2.9 ± 0.60 cm2), and healthy BTs had significantly lower MVA parameters than healthy Boxers (p < 0.001). Intraobserver and interobserver variability were excellent for both MVA2D and MVA3D (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.9). Six BTs were diagnosed with MS, with MVA3D less than 1.8 cm2 and a mean transmitral gradient (MTG) of more than 5 mmHg. CONCLUSIONS Both MVA2D and MVA3D are feasible, have low observer variability and can be used to diagnose MS in BTs. For assessing the narrowest orifice area, the preferred method is MVA3D. The smaller MVA in BTs compared to Boxers may indicate some degree of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chompoosan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - A S Schrøder
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - M B T Bach
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - R Møgelvang
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Svendborg, Denmark
| | - J L Willesen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - R Langhorn
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - J Koch
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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7
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Cavalera MA, Gernone F, Uva A, D’Ippolito P, Roura X, Zatelli A. Clinical and Histopathological Features of Renal Maldevelopment in Boxer Dogs: A Retrospective Case Series (1999-2018). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030810. [PMID: 33805804 PMCID: PMC8001074 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study describes clinical findings in Boxer dogs with renal maldevelopment and proposes a possible mode of inheritance. Medical records of 9 female Boxer dogs, older than 5 months and with a clinical diagnosis of proteinuric chronic kidney disease prior to one year of age, showed the presence of polyuria and polydipsia, decreased appetite, weight loss, lethargy and weakness in all affected dogs. Common laboratory findings were proteinuria and diluted urine, non-regenerative anemia, azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia. Histopathology of the kidneys identified the presence of immature glomeruli in all dogs. In 7 out of 9 related dogs, the pedigree analysis showed that a simple autosomal recessive trait may be a possible mode of inheritance. Renal glomerular immaturity should be suspected in Boxer dogs with a history of polyuria, polydipsia, decreased appetite, weight loss, lethargy, weakness and proteinuria. A prompt diagnosis of renal maldevelopment, potentially hereditary, may help to evaluate if relatives of the affected dogs might be at risk, thus assisting clinicians in reaching an early diagnosis. A routine clinical renal screening evaluation in this breed, especially when this disease is suspected, should be strongly recommended. Abstract Renal maldevelopment (RM) has been proposed to replace the old and sometimes misused term “renal dysplasia” in dogs. Although renal dysplasia has been described in Boxers, hereditary transmission has only been hypothesized. This study reports clinical and renal histological findings in Boxer dogs with RM, proposing a possible mode of inheritance. Medical records of 9 female Boxer dogs, older than 5 months and with a clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease prior to one year of age, were retrospectively reviewed. Polyuria and polydipsia (PU/PD), decreased appetite, weight loss, lethargy and weakness were described in all affected dogs. Common laboratory findings were proteinuria, diluted urine, non-regenerative anemia, azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia. Histopathology of the kidneys revealed the presence of immature glomeruli in all dogs, which is consistent with RM. In 7 related dogs, the pedigree analysis showed that a simple autosomal recessive trait may be a possible mode of inheritance. Renal maldevelopment should be suspected in young Boxer dogs with a history of PU/PD, decreased appetite, weight loss, lethargy, weakness and proteinuria. Due to its possible inheritance, an early diagnosis of RM may allow clinicians to promptly identify other potentially affected dogs among the relatives of the diagnosed case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alfonsa Cavalera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.A.C.); (F.G.); (A.U.)
| | - Floriana Gernone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.A.C.); (F.G.); (A.U.)
| | - Annamaria Uva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.A.C.); (F.G.); (A.U.)
| | - Paola D’Ippolito
- Veterinary diagnostic Lab ACV Triggiano, 70019 Triggiano, Italy;
| | - Xavier Roura
- Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Andrea Zatelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.A.C.); (F.G.); (A.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-4679804
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Maurin MP, Davies D, Jahns H, Shiel RE, Mooney CT. Non-functional thyroid cystadenoma in three boxer dogs. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:228. [PMID: 31277644 PMCID: PMC6612076 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1948-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid neoplasia is a common endocrine neoplasm in dogs. The boxer is one of the reported breeds predisposed to malignant thyroid neoplasia. However, the association between thyroid neoplasia, malignancy and breed should be considered with caution. Cases presentation This article describes the presentation, clinical pathological findings, computed tomographic (CT) imaging findings and histopathological features of benign cystic thyroid tumour (cystadenoma) diagnosed in three boxers. These three dogs were presented for investigation of unilateral (n = 2) or bilateral (n = 1) cervical masses with no associated clinical signs of thyroid dysfunction. In each case, post-contrast CT scan identified a large, lateralised, non-invasive, well-defined homogeneous cystic structure with a hyperattenuating contrast-enhancing capsule of suspected thyroid origin displacing the surrounding cervical tissues. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of the cysts yielded fluid with a high thyroxine concentration in each case. Histopathology was consistent with thyroid cystadenoma in all cases. One dog was concurrently diagnosed with oral melanoma and euthanased. Two dogs underwent surgical excision with one lost to follow-up after 36 months and the other euthanased after 16 months following diagnosis of mast cell tumour. Conclusions To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first detailed report of non-functional benign thyroid cystadenoma in dogs and provides relevant information about case management for this type of tumour. The presence of a large cystic structure associated with benign non-functional thyroid neoplasia may be a condition to which boxer dogs are predisposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dan Davies
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hanne Jahns
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert E Shiel
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carmel T Mooney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Gharbi M, Jaouadi K, Mezghani D, Darghouth MA. Symptoms of Canine Leishmaniosis in Tunisian Dogs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 111:51-55. [PMID: 30763509 DOI: 10.3166/bspe-2018-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a fatal disease caused by Leishmania infantum which is a zoonotic protozoan transmitted to humans from dogs through sandflies. In Tunisia, there is a lack of knowledge on CanL risk and protective factors that limits the possibilities to design control strategies. In this study, 269 dogs suffering from CanL that were presented by their owners to the clinic of the National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet (Tunisia), were examined. Male dogs were more infected than female dogs (sex-ratio = 1.53). The age distribution in dogs has a normal distribution; mostly animals less than 4 years old (48.7%) gets affected by this disease. The majority of the animals were German Shepherded (14.4%) followed by Staffordshire (12.6%) and Rottweiler (9.6%). Most of the dogs live outdoor (87%), did not receive any acaricidal treatment (88.5%) and were not dewormed (70.3%). Poor body condition (73.2%), depilation (69.1%), lymph node enlargement (67.3%) and lethargy (60.2%) were the most frequent symptoms. Further studies need to be carried out to establish the presence of a relation between the zymodems and the clinical typology of CanL. It is also important to know if these disparities were due to differences in the canine population under study, to inherent differences in susceptibility to the disease or to a genetic diversity of the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gharbi
- Laboratoire de parasitologie, École nationale de médecine vétérinaire Sidi Thabet, université Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - K Jaouadi
- Laboratoire de parasitologie, École nationale de médecine vétérinaire Sidi Thabet, université Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - D Mezghani
- Laboratoire de parasitologie, École nationale de médecine vétérinaire Sidi Thabet, université Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - M A Darghouth
- Laboratoire de parasitologie, École nationale de médecine vétérinaire Sidi Thabet, université Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
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Jankowska U, Jagielski D, Czopowicz M, Sapierzyński R. Epidemiology, clinical and cytological features of lymphoma in Boxer dogs. Acta Vet Hung 2019; 67:224-240. [PMID: 31238736 DOI: 10.1556/004.2019.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical and laboratory characteristics of canine lymphomas as well as some aspects of treatment outcomes. The study was conducted on Boxer dogs with lymphoma diagnosed by cytology and immunocytochemistry (CD3 and CD79 alpha). During the study period, lymphoma was diagnosed in 63 Boxers; 86.8% were T-cell (based on the Kiel classification: small clear cell lymphoma, pleomorphic small cell lymphoma, pleomorphic mixed T-cell lymphoma, pleomorphic large T-cell lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma/acute lymphoblastic leukaemia) and 13.2% were B-cell lymphomas (according to the Kiel classification: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, centroblastic/centroblastic polymorphic lymphoma). Overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in dogs with low-grade than with high-grade lymphoma (median OS of 6.8 and 4.7 months, respectively; P = 0.024). OS was not influenced by WHO clinical stage, WHO clinical substage, presence of splenomegaly, early administration of glucocorticoids or the time from the first presentation to the beginning of chemotherapy. There are no significant differences in clinical and laboratory parameters between low-grade and high-grade lymphomas. Boxer dogs are predisposed to T-cell lymphoma, with a predominance of high-grade tumour, especially pleomorphic, mixed small and large T-cell subtype. It is possible that Boxer dogs may respond less favourably to chemotherapy than patients of other breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michał Czopowicz
- 2Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Sapierzyński
- 3Division of Animal Pathomorphology, Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska str. 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Mochizuki H, Motsinger-Reif A, Bettini C, Moroff S, Breen M. Association of breed and histopathological grade in canine mast cell tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:829-839. [PMID: 27198171 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between breed and the histopathological grade of canine mast cell tumours (MCTs). A retrospective survey of pathology data of 9375 histopathologically confirmed diagnoses of cutaneous MCTs in the US was evaluated in the context of breed prevalence in over two million registered purebred dogs. Association of histopathological grade with breed, age, sex and spay/neuter status was assessed. The data indicate that the proportion of high-grade tumours increases with advancing age, and that male and intact dogs have increased odds of developing high-grade tumours. A significant difference in the proportion of high-grade tumours between breeds was detected. The Pug was at significantly increased risk of developing low/intermediate-grade tumours, but not high-grade tumours, resulting in preponderance of less aggressive MCTs in this breed. The results of this study suggest a genetic association for the development of high-grade MCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mochizuki
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - A Motsinger-Reif
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - C Bettini
- American Kennel Club, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - S Moroff
- Antech Diagnostics Inc., New Hyde Park, NY, USA
| | - M Breen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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12
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Fonseca-Alves CE, Bento DD, Torres-Neto R, Werner J, Kitchell B, Laufer-Amorim R. Ki67/KIT double immunohistochemical staining in cutaneous mast cell tumors from Boxer dogs. Res Vet Sci 2015; 102:122-6. [PMID: 26412531 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) are among the most frequent malignant tumors in dogs and Boxer breed dogs have a higher incidence of this disease. Ki67 staining and KIT staining are widely used to predict natural behavior in canine MCT but no previous study has evaluated double staining of these proteins as a prognostic factor. Based on biological behavior predictors in canine MCT, the purpose of this study was to determine the Ki67 proliferative index in KIT positive cells using double stain immunohistochemistry technique. Sixty-nine MCTs from Boxer dogs were selected and a tissue microarray was constructed for the double stained immunohistochemistry. Double positivity (Ki67(+)/KIT(+)) was observed in 20/69 (29%) MCT, with a mean of 9.06 double positive cells per tissue core (range 0.48%-43.97%) and Ki67(-)/KIT(+) animals had a longer survival time than Ki67(+)/KIT(+) animals (p=0.03).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Diola Bento
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Torres-Neto
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
Background Brachycephalic dogs are at risk for arterial hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea, which are both associated with chronic magnesium (Mg) depletion. Hypothesis/Objectives To compare the period prevalence of hypomagnesemia between Boxers and Bulldogs presented to a referral teaching hospital. To screen a group of Bulldogs for evidence of hypomagnesemia, and to obtain pilot data regarding the utility of parenteral Mg tolerance testing (PMgTT) in the diagnosis of whole‐body Mg deficiency. Animals Chemistry laboratory submissions were retrospectively analyzed for serum total Mg (tMg) in Boxers and Bulldogs. Prospectively, 16 healthy client‐owned Bulldogs were enrolled. Methods Retrospective case study. tMg concentrations were compared between Boxers and Bulldogs. Dogs with low serum albumin or high serum creatinine concentrations were excluded. Prospectively, ionized Mg (iMg), tMg, and arterial blood pressure were measured and iMg‐to‐tMg ratio (iMg : tMg) was calculated. Parenteral Mg tolerance testing (PMgTT) was performed in 3/16 dogs. Results In the retrospective study, period prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 4.7% in Boxers and 15% in Bulldogs (P = .02). The risk ratio for hypomagnesemia in Bulldogs was 1.8 when compared to Boxers (CI: 1.3–2.7). In the prospective study, iMg was [median (interquartile)] 0.43 (0.42–0.46) mmol/L (reference range 0.4–0.52), tMg was 1.9 (1.8–1.9) mg/dL (reference range 1.9–2.5). iMg : tMg was [mean (±SD)] 0.59 ± 0.04. Percentage retention after PMgTT were 55%, 95%, and 67%, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Mg deficiency is common in Bulldogs and could contribute to comorbidities often observed in this breed. iMg : tMg and PMgTT might prove helpful in detecting chronic subclinical Mg deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Mellema
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA
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Meurs KM, Stern JA, Reina-Doreste Y, Spier AW, Koplitz SL, Baumwart RD. Natural history of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in the boxer dog: a prospective study. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28:1214-1220. [PMID: 24962663 PMCID: PMC4857953 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Boxer arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a disease that may result in sudden death or heart failure. Hypothesis/objectives To prospectively study the natural history of Boxer ARVC. Animals 72 dogs (49 ARVC, 23 controls). Methods Boxers >1 year of age were recruited for annual reevaluation. Controls were defined as being ≥6 years of age and having <50 ventricular premature complex (VPCs)/24 h. ARVC was defined as ≥300 VPCs/24 h in the absence of other disease. Dogs were genotyped for the striatin deletion when possible. Descriptive statistics were determined for age; VPC number; annual change in VPC number; and left ventricular (LV) echocardiographic dimensions. Survival time was calculated. Results Controls: median age of 7 years (range, 6–10); number of VPCs 12 (range, 4–32). Median time in study of 6 years (range, 2–9). Seventeen of 23 were genotyped (5 positive, 12 negative). ARVC: median age of diagnosis of 6 (range, 1–11). Median time in study 5 years (range, 3–8). A total of 33% were syncopal and 43/49 were genotyped (36 positive, 7 negative). Yearly change in VPCs was 46 (range, −7,699 to 33,524). Annual percentage change in LV dimensions was 0, and change in fractional shortening (FS%) was 2%. Two dogs had FS% <20%. Although ARVC dogs died suddenly, there was no difference in survival time between groups. ARVC median age of survival was 11 years, and for controls was 10 years. Conclusions/Clinical Importance Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy is a disease of middle age and frequently is associated with the striatin deletion. Syncope occurs in approximately 1/3 of affected dogs; systolic dysfunction is uncommon. The prognosis in many affected dogs is good.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Meurs
- The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH.,North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC
| | - J A Stern
- The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH.,North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC
| | - Y Reina-Doreste
- North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC
| | - A W Spier
- The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - S L Koplitz
- The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - R D Baumwart
- The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH
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