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Nam JY, Lee TR, Tokmurzin D, Park SJ, Ra HW, Yoon SJ, Mun TY, Yoon SM, Moon JH, Lee JG, Lee DH, Seo MW. Hydrogen-rich gas production from disposable COVID-19 mask by steam gasification. Fuel (Lond) 2023; 331:125720. [PMID: 36033729 PMCID: PMC9399138 DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the demand for masks has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in 490,201 tons of waste masks disposed of per month. Since masks are used in places with a high risk of virus infection, waste masks retain the risk of virus contamination. In this study, a 1 kg/h lab-scale (diameter: 0.114 m, height: 1 m) bubbling fluidized bed gasifier was used for steam gasification (temperature: 800 °C, steam/carbon (S/C) ratio: 1.5) of waste masks. The use of a downstream reactor with activated carbon (AC) for tar cracking and the enhancement of hydrogen production was examined. Steam gasification with AC produces syngas with H2, CO, CH4, and CO2 content of 38.89, 6.40, 21.69, and 7.34 vol%, respectively. The lower heating value of the product gas was 29.66 MJ/Nm3 and the cold gas efficiency was 74.55 %. This study showed that steam gasification can be used for the utilization of waste masks and the production of hydrogen-rich gas for further applications.
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Key Words
- AC, Activated Carbon
- Activated carbon
- BFB, Bubbling fluidized bed
- CCE, Carbon conversion efficiency
- CGE, Cold gas efficiency
- DTG, Derivative thermos-gravimetry
- Disposable COVID-19 mask
- FT-IR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
- Fluidized bed
- GC, Gas chromatography
- GCMS, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- HMI, Human machine interface
- IPA, Isopropyl alcohol
- LHV, Lower Heating Value
- MFC, Mass flow controller
- MSW, Municipal solid waste
- NDIR, Non-Dispersive Infrared Spectroscopy
- PP, Polypropylene
- PPE, Personal protective equipment
- PU, Polyurethane
- RPM, revolutions per minute
- Steam gasification
- TCD, Thermal conductivity detector
- Tar
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Nam
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangangu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ryeon Lee
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Diyar Tokmurzin
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Park
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Ra
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Yoon
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Mun
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Yoon
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hong Moon
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Goo Lee
- Climate Change Research Division, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangangu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Won Seo
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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