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Marques-Aleixo I, Santos-Alves E, Torrella JR, Oliveira PJ, Magalhães J, Ascensão A. Exercise and Doxorubicin Treatment Modulate Cardiac Mitochondrial Quality Control Signaling. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 18:43-55. [PMID: 28536949 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cross-tolerance effect of exercise against heart mitochondrial-mediated quality control, remodeling and death-related mechanisms associated with sub-chronic Doxorubicin (DOX) treatment is yet unknown. We therefore analyzed the effects of two distinct chronic exercise models (endurance treadmill training-TM and voluntary free wheel activity-FW) performed during the course of the sub-chronic DOX treatment on mitochondrial susceptibility to permeability transition pore (mPTP), apoptotic and autophagic signaling and mitochondrial dynamics. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups (n = 6 per group): saline sedentary (SAL + SED), SAL + TM (12-weeks treadmill), SAL + FW (12-weeks voluntary free-wheel), DOX + SED [7-weeks sub-chronic DOX treatment (2 mg kg-1 week-1)], DOX + TM and DOX + FW. Apoptotic signaling and mPTP regulation were followed by measuring caspase 3, 8 and 9 activities, Bax, Bcl2, CypD, ANT, and cophilin expression. Mitochondrial dynamics (Mfn1, Mfn2, OPA1 and DRP1) and auto(mito)phagy (LC3, Beclin1, Pink1, Parkin and p62)-related proteins were semi-quantified. DOX treatment results in augmented mPTP susceptibility and apoptotic signaling (caspases 3, 8 and 9 and Bax/Bcl2 ratio). Moreover, DOX decreased the expression of fusion-related proteins (Mfn1, Mfn2, OPA1), increased DRP1 and the activation of auto(mito)phagy signaling. TM and FW prevented DOX-increased mPTP susceptibility and apoptotic signaling, alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and inhibits DOX-induced increases in auto(mito)phagy signaling. Collectively, our results suggest that both used chronic exercise models performed before and during the course of sub-chronic DOX treatment limit cardiac mitochondrial-driven apoptotic signaling and regulate alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and auto(mito)phagy in DOX-treated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Marques-Aleixo
- CIAFEL - Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.
| | - E Santos-Alves
- CIAFEL - Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J R Torrella
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P J Oliveira
- CNC - Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J Magalhães
- CIAFEL - Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Ascensão
- CIAFEL - Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
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