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Bastos Junior CLQ, Bialves TS, Foguesatto K, Arantes EM, de Souza GB, Garcia TO, Varela AS, Boyle RT. The effects of vesicle toxin from the sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum on the behavior of a freshwater shrimp, Palaemon argentinus, and shore crab, Neohelice granulata. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 242:108941. [PMID: 33220513 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sea anemones of the genus Bunodosoma possess along their body column, longitudinally arranged brown-colored vesicles. We have shown that in B. cangicum, these warty structures contain a mixture of potent toxins. This work highlights the neuro-inhibitory effects exhibited by two decapod crustacean species exposed to the extracts from these vesicles. For this, we use the unrefined toxin in doses, exposure times, and different exposure pathways. The findings show that at least one neuro-inhibitory compound is present and remains active regardless of the exposure method or dose tested. This toxin affects neuro-motor pathways but not neuro-sensory pathways. Shrimp exposed to toxin could continue to perceive and track food pellets but could not secure and consume their ration. Of six anatomical reflexes tested under the toxin's influence, voluntary movements of the mouthparts were impacted most commonly. Interestingly, all subject animals recovered from the toxin exposure within 2 h. Finally, we propose Reflexive Action Analysis (RAMP) as a tool to evaluate the potency of other neurotoxic or neuro-inhibitory compounds in crustacea. This work is the first to show the neuro-inhibitory activity of extracts from these sea anemone columnar vesicle structures and the first to evaluate these effects using RAMP reflex analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Luis Quaresma Bastos Junior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Tatiane Senna Bialves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Kamila Foguesatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Estevão Melo Arantes
- Faculdade de Medicina - FAMED, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Gleidson Barcelos de Souza
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Thiago Obiedo Garcia
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio Sergio Varela
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Robert Tew Boyle
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900, Brazil.
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Bastos CLQ, Varela AS, Ferreira SP, Nornberg BF, Boyle RT. Who knows not where an anemone does wear his sting? Could polypeptides released from the columnar vesicles of Bunodosoma cangicum induce apoptosis in the ZF-L cell line? Toxicon 2016; 124:73-82. [PMID: 27794434 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We provide ultrastructural and cytological evidence that the tentacles of the sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum does not contain cytotoxic venom. However, we show that the stimulated secretion of an apparent mixture of biomolecules containing polypeptides from the columnar vesicles of Bunodosoma cangicum is apparently a potent inducer of apoptosis in the zebrafish cell line, ZF-L. Microscopic fluorescence, cell morphology and flow cytometric assays confirm the apoptotic activity. Crude vesicle venom was partially purified by size exclusion chromatography. PAGE analysis shows that this venom contains low weight polypeptides but no measurable protein. The apoptotic activity is heat labile, and the observed peptides concurrent with this activity have a molecular weight of approximately 2000 Da. This manuscript is the first report of biologically active molecules and peptides associated with columnar vesicles of anemones, and the first to confirm that the tentacles of B. cangicum do not contain cytotoxic venom, and express spirocytes exclusively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio L Q Bastos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Sergio Varela
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Shana Pires Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Felix Nornberg
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Robert Tew Boyle
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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