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Sun M, Liu X, Liu Z. Effective oxidation decomplexation of Cu-EDTA and Cu 2+ electrodeposition from PCB manufacturing wastewater by persulfate-based electrochemical oxidation: Performance and mechanisms. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:30072-30084. [PMID: 38594564 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Complex wastewater matrices such as printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing wastewater present a major environmental concern. In this work, simultaneous decomplexation of metal complex Cu-EDTA and reduction/electrodeposition of Cu2+ was conducted in a persulfate-based electrochemical oxidation system. Oxidizing/reductive species were simultaneously produced in this system, which realized 99.8% of Cu-EDTA decomplexation, 94.5% of Cu2+ reduction/electrodeposition under the conditions of original solution pH = 3.2, electrode distance = 3 cm, [Na2S2O8]0 = 5 mM, current density = 12 mA/cm2, and reaction time = 180 min. The total treatment cost is as low as 0.80 USD/mol Cu-EDTA. Effective mineralization (74.1% total organic carbon removal) of the solution was obtained after 3 h of treatment. •OH and SO4•- drove the Cu-EDTA decomplexation, destroying the chelating sites and finally it was effectively mineralized to CO2, H2O and Cu2+. The mechanisms of copper electrodeposition on the stainless steel cathode and persulfate activation by the BDD anode were proposed based on the electrochemical measurements. The electrodes exhibited excellent reusability and low metal (total iron and Ni2+) leaching during 20 cycles of application. This study provide an effective and sustainable method for the application of the electro-persulfate process in treating complex wastewater matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Sun
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang, 330013, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Science Research and Planning, Nanchang, 330039, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Zhanmeng Liu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
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Li R, Wang X, Sun X, Li J, Shen J. Sulfide-modified nanozerovalent iron for rapid decontamination of Cu(Ⅱ) complexes in high-salinity wastewater. Environ Pollut 2023; 338:122710. [PMID: 37832776 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal complexes receive less attention, but they are more difficult to remove than the free heavy metals. Moreover, the high-salinity wastewaters from various industries hinder the removal of heavy metal complexes. Removal of the metal complexes is a top priority but a challenging task. Herein, a new strategy for removing Cu-EDTA from high-salinity wastewater with sulfide-modified nanozerovalent iron (S-NZVI) was proposed. The S-NZVI exhibited a considerable adsorption capacity for Cu-EDTA (∼83 mg Cu/g) at a high salt concentration (25 g/L NaCl). Similarly, the S-NZVI maintained excellent adsorption performance (∼83 mg Cu/g) in the presence of CaCl2, MgCl2, Na2SO4, and NaNO3 (25 g/L). The S-NZVI showed extremely high efficiency for Cu-EDTA removal; 50 mg/L of Cu-EDTA was almost completely removed in 1 min, and the kobs was approximately 1.5 g/(mg min). The S-NZVI showed an extensive pH working range, and within the pH range of 2-9, the Cu-EDTA was removed completely within 5 min. The excellent removal performance of the S-NZVI was due to the high reactivity and high affinity of NZVI for Cu, as well as the special substitution of Fe2+ and the interfacial reactions between S-NZVI and the copper complexes. Compared with other studies of Cu complex removal, removal with S-NZVI was a simpler process with higher efficiency. In brief, S-NZVI efficiently removed Cu complexes from harsh water environments and was reused many times. The process was simple and efficient and has broad application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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Zhao T, Pan J, Mao C, Chen L, Li J, Shao H, Xu G. Enhanced decomplexation of Cu-EDTA and simultaneous removal of Cu(II) by electron beam irradiation accompanied with autocatalytic fenton-like reaction: Synergistic performance and mechanism. Chemosphere 2023; 313:137445. [PMID: 36495973 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Widely existing heavy metal complexes with high stability and poor biodegradability are intractable to be eliminated by conventional methods. In this study, electron beam (EB) irradiation characterized by rapidly producing strong oxidizing radicals was employed to effectively decompose Cu-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Cu-EDTA) with almost complete elimination at 5 kGy. In terms of heavy metal removal, EB irradiation at relatively low doses was insufficient to remove copper ions, which was only 17.2% under 15 kGy. However, with the extra addition of 8 mM H2O2, such an irradiation dose could result in 99.0% copper ions removal. Mechanism analysis indicated that EB irradiation combined with spontaneously induced Fenton-like reactions were responsible for its excellent performance. The prime function of EB irradiation was to destroy the structure of Cu-EDTA with in-situ produced ·OH, and the subsequent released Cu-based intermediates could activate H2O2 to initiate autocatalytic chain reactions, correspondingly accelerating the degradation of complexes and the liberation of metal ions. Highly oxidative ·OH and O2·- were demonstrated as main active species acted on different positions of Cu-EDTA to realize gradual decarboxylation, synchronously generating low molecular weight compounds. XRD and XPS analysis showed that the released copper ions were mainly precipitated in the form of CuO, Cu(OH)2 and Cu2(OH)2CO3. In general, EB/H2O2 was an adoptable strategy for the disposal of such refractory heavy metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiali Pan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Chengkai Mao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China; Shanghai Institute of Applied Radiation, Shanghai University, 20 Chengzhong Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Radiation, Shanghai University, 20 Chengzhong Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiayuan Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Haiyang Shao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200444, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Applied Radiation, Shanghai University, 20 Chengzhong Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200444, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Applied Radiation, Shanghai University, 20 Chengzhong Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Xie S, Li C, Zhan H, Shao W, Zhao Y, Liu P, Liao P. Anoxic iron electrocoagulation automatically modulates dissolved oxygen and pH for fast reductive decomplexation and precipitation of Cu(II)-EDTA: The critical role of dissolved Fe(II). J Hazard Mater 2023; 442:130069. [PMID: 36182887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fe-based replacement and precipitation are promising methods for removal of copper ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Cu(II)-EDTA) but are limited by the necessity of controlling pH and dissolved oxygen. The details of the decomplexation mechanism also remain unclear. The present work investigated an anoxic iron electrocoagulation process capable of automatically modulating anoxic conditions and solution pH during exposure to air and thus promoting the rapid and thorough decomplexation of Cu(II)-EDTA. Dissolved Fe (II), rather than Fe(II)-bearing minerals, was found to be primarily responsible for the reduction of Cu(II)-EDTA to Cu(I)-EDTA and for the subsequent replacement reaction to generate free Cu(I) ions within the initial pH range of 2-7. The Cu(I) was primarily precipitated as Cu2O on the surface of green rust and magnetite as the pH was increased. The aeration of these Fe-containing precipitates released free Cu(I) ions instead of chelated Cu into solution, allowing for recycling of the Cu. This release of Cu(I) was likely induced by the pH decrease during aeration. This study provides important insights regarding the reductive decomplexation of chelated Cu(II) and the recovery of Cu via anoxic iron electrocoagulation, which is a promising green approach to recycling Cu from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Xie
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Chang Li
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Hui Zhan
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Wei Shao
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Yuanxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Peng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China.
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Song P, Sun C, Wang J, Ai S, Dong S, Sun J, Sun S. Efficient removal of Cu-EDTA complexes from wastewater by combined electrooxidation and electrocoagulation process: Performance and mechanism study. Chemosphere 2022; 287:131971. [PMID: 34438208 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, combined electrooxidation and electrocoagulation (EO-EC) reactor using RuO2-IrO2/Ti and Al electrodes has been built for treatment of Cu-EDTA wastewater. Effects of current density, electrolyte, NaCl concentration, pH and initial concentration on EO-EC performance were investigated. In this study, Cu-EDTA removal efficiency increased with a higher current density. The electrolyte type exerted a significant role in EO-EC process, compared with Na2SO4 and NaNO3, NaCl was a superior supporting electrolyte because the oxidation of Cl- into Cl2 provided additional highly reactive oxidant ClO- for Cu-EDTA oxidation or mineralization. In neutral or alkaline solution, EO-EC reactor performed better than when it was acid. At the condition of current density 10.29 mA cm-2, C0(NaCl) 1 g L-1, C0(Cu) 50 mg L-1 and pH 7, the Cu and COD removal efficiency reached 99.85% and 85.01%, respectively within 60 min. The possible mechanism of Cu-EDTA removal was proposed based on SEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR and XPS analysis of the products. Cu-EDTA chelates were degraded or mineralized by direct charge transfer, chemisorbed M(·OH) and active chorine species produced on anode surface, in which degradation intermediates and mineralization products of Cu-EDTA were generated. Meanwhile, residual degradation intermediates and mineralization products were removed by electrocoagulation. In this study, EO-EC process has been proved to be an effective way for the treatment of Cu-EDTA contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China.
| | - Chengye Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China
| | - Shiyun Ai
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China
| | - Shujun Dong
- Hunan University of Arts and Sciences, Changde, 415000, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China
| | - Shuai Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, PR China
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Wang Q, Yu J, Chen X, Du D, Wu R, Qu G, Guo X, Jia H, Wang T. Non-thermal plasma oxidation of Cu(II)-EDTA and simultaneous Cu(II) elimination by chemical precipitation. J Environ Manage 2019; 248:109237. [PMID: 31310932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cu2+ readily complexes with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to form a heavy metal complex (Cu-EDTA) that is typical in the effluents from mining and electroplating industries. It was difficult for the classical alkaline precipitation method to eliminate the heavy metal complex due to the strong bonding ability between Cu(II) and EDTA. Cu(II) release and removal performance after Cu-EDTA decomplexation in a non-thermal plasma oxidation system was carried out in this study. The removal process was characterized by chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, atomic force microscopy, and electroconductivity analysis. The toxicity effect of the treated Cu-EDTA solution was also tested by photobacterium bioassay. The experimental results showed that 80.2% of Cu was released and removed within 60 min of the non-thermal plasma treatment/alkaline precipitation. Relatively higher energy input, lower Cu-EDTA concentration, and acidic conditions were necessary to obtain greater Cu release and removal performance, and there existed an appropriate air flow rate for high-efficient Cu release and removal. O2-, OH, 1O2, and O3 were the main active substances leading to Cu2+ release. Its residual toxicity to P.phosphoreum sp.-T3 was significantly reduced after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Jinxian Yu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - XueYao Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Danting Du
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Renren Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, MEE, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guangzhou Qu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Hanzhong Jia
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
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