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Casado Dones MJ, Fraile Villar MI, Juárez Bonilla M, Moreno González C, Martín Rodríguez M. [Miraculous low carbohydrate or carbophobic diets: evidence-based nursing perspective]. Enferm Clin 2016; 26:243-9. [PMID: 27174560 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Given the obesity epidemic in Western society today, as well as its influence on population's health as a risk factor for the most pressing health problems, diet treatment to control overweight ought to be considered as a priority in the specialized and primary health nursing care. A review of some supposedly miraculous diets, based on drastic reduction of consumed carbohydrates, as well as the available scientific evidence show that such diets pose a health hazard besides being ineffective to control excess weight in the short- and long-term. The negative consequences of a reduction of the percentage of consumed carbohydrates, thus resulting in an increase of proteins in the diet are set forth. Besides, suitable recommendations for patients to get loss weight are presented in an effective and safe manner.
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Merino J, Kones R, Ferré R, Plana N, Girona J, Aragonés G, Ibarretxe D, Heras M, Masana L. Low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat diet alters small peripheral artery reactivity in metabolic syndrome patients. Clin Investig Arterioscler 2013; 26:58-65. [PMID: 24365581 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low carbohydrate diets have become increasingly popular for weight loss. Although they may improve some metabolic markers, particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) or metabolic syndrome (MS), their net effect on vascular function remains unclear. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the relation between dietary macronutrient composition and the small artery reactive hyperaemia index (saRHI), a marker of small artery vascular function, in a cohort of MS patients. DESIGN This cross-sectional study included 160 MS patients. Diet was evaluated by a 3-day food-intake register and reduced to a novel low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS). Physical examination, demographic, biochemical and anthropometry parameters were recorded, and saRHI was measured in each patient. RESULTS Individuals in the lowest LCDS quartile (Q1; 45% carbohydrate, 19% protein, 31% fat) had higher saRHI values than those in the top quartile (Q4; 30% carbohydrate, 25% protein, 43% fat) (1.84±0.42 vs. 1.55±0.25, P=.012). These results were similar in T2D patients (Q1=1.779±0.311 vs. Q4=1.618±0.352, P=.011) and also in all of the MS components, except for low HDLc. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that individuals in the highest LCDS quartile, that is, consuming less carbohydrates, had a significantly negative coefficient of saRHI which was independent of confounders (HR: -0.747; 95%CI: 0.201, 0.882; P=.029). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that a dietary pattern characterized by a low amount of carbohydrate, but reciprocally higher amounts of fat and protein, is associated with poorer vascular reactivity in patients with MS and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Merino
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, IISPV, Faculty of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Raimon Ferré
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, IISPV, Faculty of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Plana
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, IISPV, Faculty of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Girona
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, IISPV, Faculty of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Aragonés
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, IISPV, Faculty of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daiana Ibarretxe
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, IISPV, Faculty of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Heras
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, IISPV, Faculty of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Masana
- Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Sant Joan University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, IISPV, Faculty of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
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