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Kumar A, Helmy YA, Fritts Z, Vlasova A, Saif LJ, Rajashekara G. Anti-rotavirus Properties and Mechanisms of Selected Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Probiotics on Polarized Human Colonic (HT-29) Cells. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:107-28. [PMID: 35034323 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics have been investigated to improve the universal rotavirus (RV) vaccination as well as to ameliorate the RV infection. However, underlying mechanisms how probiotics mediate beneficial effects needs more investigation. Thus, in the present study, we used polarized HT-29 cells to assess the anti-RV properties of Gram-positive, (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, and Bifidobacterium subsp. Lactis Bb12) and Gram negative, (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917) probiotics and study their underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that pre-treatment of HT-29 cells for 4 h with probiotics, significantly reduced (p < 0.05) human RV replication and this effect was most pronounced for E. coli Nissle followed by L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus GG. Strikingly, only pre-treatment with live bacteria or their supernatants demonstrated anti-RV properties. Except Gram negative E. coli Nissle, the Gram-positive probiotics tested did not bind to RV. Ingenuity pathway analysis of tight junction (TJ)- and innate immune-associated genes indicated that E. coli Nissle or E. coli Nissle + RV treatments improved cell-cell adhesion and cell contact, while L. acidophilus or L. acidophilus + RV treatments also activated cell-cell contact but inhibited cell movement functions. RV alone inhibited migration of cells event. Additionally, E. coli Nissle activated pathways such as the innate immune and inflammatory responses via production of TNF, while RV infection activated NK cells and inflammatory responses. In conclusion, E. coli Nissle's ability to bind RV, modulate expression of TJ events, innate immune and inflammatory responses, via specific upstream regulators may explain superior anti-RV properties of E. coli Nissle. Therefore, prophylactic use of E. coli Nissle might help to reduce the RV disease burden in infants in endemic areas.
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Zhang YG, Malo ME, Tschirhart T, Xia Y, Wang Z, Dadachova E, Sun J. Effects of Melanized Bacteria and Soluble Melanin on the Intestinal Homeostasis and Microbiome In Vivo. Toxics 2022; 11:13. [PMID: 36668739 PMCID: PMC9860700 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Radiation damage is associated with inflammation and immunity in the intestinal mucosa, including gut microbiota. Melanin has a unique capacity to coordinate a biological reaction in response to environmental stimuli, such as radiation exposure. Thus, melanin and melanized microbes have potential to be used for mitigation of injury induced by radiation. The purpose of the current study is to examine the safety of these agents for future targeting gut microbiome to prevent radiation-induced injury. We administered mice with soluble allomelanin and observed its effect on the intestinal physiology and body weight. We then established a melanized bacterial strain in probiotic E. coli Nissle. We measured the body weight of the mice treated with melanized E. coli Nissle. We showed the enhanced bacterial abundance and colonization of the melanized bacteria E. coli Nissle in the intestine. Melanized E. coli Nissle colonized the colon in less than 3 h and showed consistent colonization over 24 h post one oral gavage. We did not find significant changes of bodyweight in the mice treated with melanized bacteria. We did not observe any inflammation in the intestine. These results demonstrate the safety of soluble melanin and melanin-producing bacteria and will support the future studies to treat radiation-induced injuries and restore dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-guo Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mackenzie E. Malo
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Tanya Tschirhart
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Yinglin Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Jun Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Effendi SSW, Ng IS. Reprogramming T7RNA Polymerase in Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 under Specific Lac Operon for Efficient p-Coumaric Acid Production. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:3471-3481. [PMID: 36087056 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lac operon is the standard regulator used to control the orthogonality of T7RNA polymerase (T7RNAP) and T7 promoter inEscherichia coli BL21(DE3) strain for protein expression. However,E. coliNissle 1917 (EcN), the unique probiotic strain, has seldom been precisely adapted to the T7 system. Herein, we applied bioinformatics analysis on Lac operon from different strains, and it was observed that a weak promoter for LacI repressor existed in EcN. Furthermore, X-gal assay revealed a strong expression of lacZ in EcN. We demonstrated that Lac operon significantly affected the protein expression in the two T7-derived EcN, in which T7RNAP was integrated at lambda (ET7L) and HK022 (ET7H), respectively. Different combinations of replication origin, chaperonin GroELS, inducer, and medium were explored to fine-tune the best strain with tyrosine ammonia-lyase (TAL) for p-coumaric acid (pCA) production, which is one of the essential bioactive compounds for human health. Finally, the highest pCA conversion of 78.8% was achieved using RRtL (plasmid form) under the optimum condition, and a 51.5% conversion was obtained with L::Rt strain which has integrated T7-RtTAL at HK022 of ET7L in the simulated gut environment. The appropriate reprogramming of T7RNAP expedites EcN as an effective and promising cell factory for live bacterial therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I-Son Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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Hare PJ, Englander HE, Mok WWK. Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 inhibits bacterial persisters that survive fluoroquinolone treatment. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 132:4020-4032. [PMID: 35332984 PMCID: PMC9468890 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Bacterial persisters are rare phenotypic variants in clonal bacterial cultures that can endure antimicrobial therapy and potentially contribute to infection relapse. Here, we investigate the potential of leveraging microbial interactions to disrupt persisters as they resuscitate during the post-antibiotic treatment recovery period. METHODS AND RESULTS We treated stationary-phase E. coli MG1655 with a DNA-damaging fluoroquinolone and co-cultured the cells with probiotic E. coli Nissle following antibiotic removal. We found that E. coli Nissle reduced the survival of fluoroquinolone persisters and their progeny by over three orders of magnitude within 24 h. Using a bespoke H-diffusion cell apparatus that we developed, we showed that E. coli Nissle antagonized the fluoroquinolone-treated cells in a contact-dependent manner. We further demonstrated that the fluoroquinolone-treated cells can still activate the SOS response as they recover from antibiotic treatment in the presence of E. coli Nissle and that the persisters depend on TolC-associated efflux systems to defend themselves against the action of E. coli Nissle. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that probiotic bacteria, such as E. coli Nissle, have the potential to inhibit persisters as they resuscitate following antibiotic treatment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Bacterial persisters are thought to underlie chronic infections and they can lead to an increase in antibiotic-resistant mutants in their progenies. Our data suggest that we can leverage the knowledge we gain on the interactions between microbial strains/species that interfere with persister resuscitation, such as those involving probiotic E. coli Nissle and E. coli MG1655 (a K-12 strain), to bolster the activity of our existing antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia J. Hare
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, UCONN Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, UCONN Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hanna E. Englander
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, UCONN Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wendy W. K. Mok
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, UCONN Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Perry M, McDonald M, Lund A, Nikrad M, Wong D, Rice WL, Chan LL. Rapid cell counting and viability detection method of Escherichia coli Nissle using image cytometry. J Microbiol Methods 2021; 192:106381. [PMID: 34822946 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The improvement of cell enumeration methods for the counting of Escherichia coli (E. coli) is important as E. coli gains in popularity as a basis for biopharmaceutical applications. In the biopharmaceutical industry, enumerating, characterizing, and dosing the accurate number of cells is imperative. In this work, we demonstrate the utilization of a chip-based image cytometer using a thin-gap, low volume counting chamber consumable to directly enumerate E. coli in bright field and fluorescence, and measure their viability using SYTOX™ Green. The total E. coli particles can be counted accurately label-free by adjusting the focus and targeting the linear range of the instrument. The E. coli are stained with SYTOX™ Green to count the membrane-compromised dead bacterial cells in the green fluorescence channel, while the total cells are counted using the bright field channel. Optimization of the system settings, image focus, cell counting range, and staining conditions have yielded a precise, rapid, and accurate E. coli cell enumeration and viability measurement.
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Chiang CJ, Chao YP, Ali A, Day CH, Ho TJ, Wang PN, Lin SC, Padma VV, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle inhibits IL-6 and MAPK-mediated cardiac hypertrophy during STZ-induced diabetes in rats. Benef Microbes 2021; 12:283-293. [PMID: 34030609 DOI: 10.3920/bm2020.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN), a probiotic bacterium protects against several disorders. Multiple reports have studied the pathways involved in cardiac hypertrophy. However, the effects of probiotic EcN against diabetes-induced cardiac hypertrophy remain to be understood. We administered five weeks old Wistar male (271±19.4 g body weight) streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with 109 cfu of EcN via oral gavage every day for 24 days followed by subjecting the rats to echocardiography to analyse the cardiac parameters. Overexpressed interleukin (IL)-6 induced the MEK5/ERK5, JAK2/STAT3, and MAPK signalling cascades in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Further, the upregulation of calcineurin, NFATc3, and p-GATA4 led to the elevation of hypertrophy markers, such as atrial and B-type natriuretic peptides. In contrast, diabetic rats supplemented with probiotic EcN exhibited significant downregulated IL-6. Moreover, the MEK5/ERK5 and JAK2/STAT3 cascades involved during eccentric hypertrophy and MAPK signalling, including phosphorylated MEK, ERK, JNK, and p-38, were significantly attenuated in diabetic rats after supplementation of EcN. Western blotting and immunofluorescence revealed the significant downregulation of NFATc3 and downstream mediators, thereby resulting in the impairment of cardiac hypertrophy. Taken together, the findings demonstrate that supplementing probiotic EcN has the potential to show cardioprotective effects by inhibiting diabetes-induced cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Y P Chao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, No. 100 Wenhwa Rd., Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - A Ali
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - C H Day
- Department of Nursing, MeiHo University, 23, Pingguang Rd., Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - T J Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, 707 Section 3 Chung-Yang Road, Hualien 97002, Taiwan.,Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 701 Jhongyang Road Section 3, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - P N Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, No. 100 Wenhwa Rd., Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
| | - S C Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - V V Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - W W Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - C Y Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, 500 Liufeng Rd., Wufeng, 41354 Taichung, Taiwan.,Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan
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Ochoa-Sanchez R, Oliveira MM, Tremblay M, Petrazzo G, Pant A, Bosoi CR, Perreault M, Querbes W, Kurtz CB, Rose CF. Genetically engineered E. coli Nissle attenuates hyperammonemia and prevents memory impairment in bile-duct ligated rats. Liver Int 2021; 41:1020-1032. [PMID: 33548108 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hyperammonemia associated with chronic liver disease (CLD) is implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The gut is a major source of ammonia production that contributes to hyperammonemia in CLD and HE and remains the primary therapeutic target for lowering hyperammonemia. As an ammonia-lowering strategy, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 bacterium was genetically modified to consume and convert ammonia to arginine (S-ARG). S-ARG was further modified to additionally synthesize butyrate (S-ARG + BUT). Both strains were evaluated in bile-duct ligated (BDL) rats; experimental model of CLD and HE. METHODS One-week post-surgery, BDLs received non-modified EcN (EcN), S-ARG, S-ARG + BUT (3x1011 CFU/day) or vehicle until sacrifice at 3 or 5 weeks. Plasma (ammonia/pro-inflammatory/liver function), liver fibrosis (hydroxyproline), liver mRNA (pro-inflammatory/fibrogenic/anti-apoptotic) and colon mRNA (pro-inflammatory) biomarkers were measured post-sacrifice. Memory, motor-coordination, muscle-strength and locomotion were assessed at 5 weeks. RESULTS In BDL-Veh rats, hyperammonemia developed at 3 and further increased at 5 weeks. This rise was prevented by S-ARG and S-ARG + BUT, whereas EcN was ineffective. Memory impairment was prevented only in S-ARG + BUT vs BDL-Veh. Systemic inflammation (IL-10/MCP-1/endotoxin) increased at 3 and 5 weeks in BDL-Veh. S-ARG + BUT attenuated inflammation at both timepoints (except 5-week endotoxin) vs BDL-Veh, whereas S-ARG only attenuated IP-10 and MCP-1 at 3 weeks. Circulating ALT/AST/ALP/GGT/albumin/bilirubin and gene expression of liver function markers (IL-10/IL-6/IL-1β/TGF-β/α-SMA/collagen-1α1/Bcl-2) were not normalized by either strain. Colonic mRNA (TNF-α/IL-1β/occludin) markers were attenuated by synthetic strains at both timepoints vs BDL-Veh. CONCLUSION S-ARG and S-ARG + BUT attenuated hyperammonemia, with S-ARG + BUT additional memory protection likely due to greater anti-inflammatory effect. These innovative strategies, particularly S-ARG + BUT, have potential to prevent HE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana M Oliveira
- Hepato-Neuro Laboratory, CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mélanie Tremblay
- Hepato-Neuro Laboratory, CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Grégory Petrazzo
- Hepato-Neuro Laboratory, CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Cristina R Bosoi
- Hepato-Neuro Laboratory, CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Christopher F Rose
- Hepato-Neuro Laboratory, CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Dubbert S, Klinkert B, Schimiczek M, Wassenaar TM, von Bünau R. No Genotoxicity Is Detectable for Escherichia coli Strain Nissle 1917 by Standard In Vitro and In Vivo Tests. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2020; 10:11-19. [PMID: 32363034 PMCID: PMC7182118 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2019.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) has a long history of safe use. However, the recently discovered presence of a pks locus in its genome presumably producing colibactin has questioned its safety, as colibactin has been implicated in genotoxicity. Here, we assess the genotoxic potential of EcN. Metabolic products were tested in vitro by the Ames test, a mutagenicity assay developed to detect point mutation-inducing activity. Live EcN were tested by an adapted Ames test. Neither the standard nor the adapted Ames test resulted in increased numbers of revertant colonies, indicating that EcN metabolites or viable cells lacked mutagenic activity. The in vivo Mammalian Alkaline Comet Assay (the gold standard for detecting DNA-strand breaks) was used to determine potentially induced DNA-strand breaks in cells of the gastro-intestinal tract of rats orally administered with viable EcN. Bacteria were given at 109–1011 colony forming units (CFU) per animal by oral gavage on 2 consecutive days and daily for a period of 28 days to 5 rats per group. No significant differences compared to negative controls were found. These results demonstrate that EcN does not induce DNA-strand breaks and does not have any detectable genotoxic potential in the test animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Dubbert
- Ardeypharm GmbH, Loerfeldstraße 20, 58313 Herdecke, Germany
| | | | | | - Trudy M. Wassenaar
- Molecular Microbiology and Genomics Consultants, Tannenstraße 7, 55576 Zotzenheim Germany
| | - Rudolf von Bünau
- Ardeypharm GmbH, Loerfeldstraße 20, 58313 Herdecke, Germany
- *Author for correspondence: Ardeypharm GmbH, Loerfeldstrasse 20, 58313 Herdecke; E-mail: .
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Aryayev ML, Senkivska LI, Bredeleva NK, Talashova IV. Prophylaxis of acute respiratory infections via improving the immune system in late preterm newborns with E. coli strain Nissle 1917: a controlled pilot trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2018; 4:79. [PMID: 29713493 PMCID: PMC5911946 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-018-0271-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory infections (ARIs), caused by the high level of immaturity of the immune system, are a major cause of morbidity in preterm newborns. The probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) is well known for its immuno-modulatory properties and may therefore enhance the immune competence. Thus, EcN administration may provide a promising possibility to decrease the risk of ARIs in this vulnerable group of children. However, clinical data supporting or refuting this hypothesis are, to our knowledge, not available. Therefore, the aim of the presented pilot trial was to collect first data on the efficacy and safety of EcN treatment to prevent ARIs in late preterm newborns. Methods Right after birth, 62 late preterm newborns were included into an open-labeled, controlled 4-week trial with two parallel groups and a follow-up phase until the age of 1 year. All children of the treatment group received an EcN suspension orally for 3 weeks, whereas the control group was only observed. Primary efficacy variable was the number of participants with at least one ARI during the first 28 days of life. Secondary efficacy variables were the number of ARIs and the number and duration of hospitalizations caused by ARIs during the first year of life. Results The number of participants with at least one ARI during the first 28 days of life was significantly lower in the group treated with EcN compared to that in the control group. Although only of exploratory nature, analyses of secondary efficacy variables suggest that EcN treatment may also reduce the average number of ARIs, the average number of hospitalizations caused by ARIs, and the mean duration of such hospitalizations. There is also some evidence that early EcN treatment may have long-term benefits on newborns’ health status. Conclusion The present pilot trial provides first evidence that EcN is able to reduce the incidence of ARIs in the neonatal period of late preterm newborns. Additionally, EcN is characterized by an excellent individual biocompatibility in the absence of adverse drug reactions. Limitations of the current trial are discussed and recommendations for future confirmatory studies are made. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01540162; retrospectively registered on 16 February 2012
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykola L Aryayev
- 1Odessa National Medical University, 2 Valihovsky Lane, Odessa, 65082 Ukraine
| | | | | | - Irina V Talashova
- Odessa Regional Children Hospital, 3 Vorobyeva Str., Odessa, 65031 Ukraine
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Weyler C, Heinzle E. Synthesis of natural variants and synthetic derivatives of the cyclic nonribosomal peptide luminmide in permeabilized E. coli Nissle and product formation kinetics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:131-8. [PMID: 27542382 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7770-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We used a recombinant, permeabilized E. coli Nissle strain harbouring the plu3263 gene cluster from Photorhabdus luminescens for the synthesis of luminmide type cyclic pentapeptides belonging to the class of nonribosomally biosynthesized peptides (NRP). Cells could be fully permeabilized using 1 % v/v toluene. Synthesis of luminmides was increased fivefold when 0.3 mM EDTA was added to the substrate mixture acting as an inhibitor of metal proteases. Luminmide formation was studied applying different amino acid concentrations. Apparent kinetic parameters for the synthesis of the main product luminmide A from leucine, phenylalanine and valine were calculated from the collected data. K sapp values ranged from 0.17 mM for leucine to 0.57 mM for phenylalanine, and r maxapp was about 3 × 10-8 mmol min-1(g CDW)-1). By removing phenylalanine from the substrate mixture, the formation of luminmide A was reduced tenfold while luminmide B was increased from 50 to 500 μg/l becoming the main product. Two new luminmides were synthesized in this study. Luminmide H incorporates tryptophan replacing phenylalanine in luminmide A. In luminmide I, leucine was replaced with 4,5-dehydro-leucine, a non-proteinogenic amino acid fed to the incubation mixture. Our study shows new opportunities for increasing the spectrum of luminmide variants produced, for improving production selectivity and for kinetic in vitro studies of the megasynthetases.
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Petersen AM, Mirsepasi H, Halkjær SI, Mortensen EM, Nordgaard-Lassen I, Krogfelt KA. Ciprofloxacin and probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle add-on treatment in active ulcerative colitis: a double-blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial. J Crohns Colitis 2014; 8:1498-505. [PMID: 24972748 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. The probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) has been used to maintain and induce clinical remission in UC. Our aim was to test the effect of Ciprofloxacin and/or orally administered EcN as add-on to conventional therapies in patients with active UC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our single center double-blinded randomized placebo controlled study included patients with a Colitis Activity Index (CAI) score of at least 6. Patients were randomized to Ciprofloxacin or placebo for 1week followed by EcN or placebo for 7weeks. All 4 treatments were given as add-on treatments. RESULTS One hundred subjects with active UC were recruited. In the per-protocol analysis we, surprisingly, found that in the group receiving placebo/EcN fewer patients, 54%, reached remission compared to the group receiving placebo/placebo, 89%, p<0.05. Among patients treated with Cipro/placebo and Cipro/EcN, 78% and 66% reached remission, respectively. Furthermore, the group receiving placebo/EcN had the largest number of withdrawals, 11 of 25 (44%), compared to 15 of 75 (20%) in any of the other groups, p<0.05. Indication of lack of mucosal healing was found in the group treated with placebo/Nissle, since only 4 (29%) of the 14 patients, who completed the study, reported no blood in stools at week 12 (p<0.02), compared to 63%, 67% and 65% in groups treated with Cipro/Nissle, Cipro/placebo and placebo/placebo, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that there is no benefit in the use of E. coli Nissle as an add-on treatment to conventional therapies for active ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, treatment with E. coli Nissle without a previous antibiotic cure resulted in fewer patients reaching clinical remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Munk Petersen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Hengameh Mirsepasi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sofie Ingdam Halkjær
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Esben Munk Mortensen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Karen Angeliki Krogfelt
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bian X, Fu J, Plaza A, Herrmann J, Pistorius D, Stewart AF, Zhang Y, Müller R. In vivo evidence for a prodrug activation mechanism during colibactin maturation. Chembiochem 2013; 14:1194-7. [PMID: 23744512 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Releasing the cytopath: We have identified an N-myristoyl-D-asparagine (1) as the free N-terminal prodrug scaffold in cytopathogenic Escherichia coli strains expressing the colibactin gene cluster. Colibactin is released in vivo upon cleavage of precolibactin. We provide for the first time in vivo evidence of the prodrug-like release mechanism of colibactin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Bian
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland HIPS, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research HZI and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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