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Wang Y, DiSalvo M, Gunasekara DB, Dutton J, Proctor A, Lebhar MS, Williamson IA, Speer J, Howard RL, Smiddy NM, Bultman SJ, Sims CE, Magness ST, Allbritton NL. Self-renewing Monolayer of Primary Colonic or Rectal Epithelial Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 4:165-182.e7. [PMID: 29204504 PMCID: PMC5710741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Three-dimensional organoid culture has fundamentally changed the in vitro study of intestinal biology enabling novel assays; however, its use is limited because of an inaccessible luminal compartment and challenges to data gathering in a three-dimensional hydrogel matrix. Long-lived, self-renewing 2-dimensional (2-D) tissue cultured from primary colon cells has not been accomplished. METHODS The surface matrix and chemical factors that sustain 2-D mouse colonic and human rectal epithelial cell monolayers with cell repertoires comparable to that in vivo were identified. RESULTS The monolayers formed organoids or colonoids when placed in standard Matrigel culture. As with the colonoids, the monolayers exhibited compartmentalization of proliferative and differentiated cells, with proliferative cells located near the peripheral edges of growing monolayers and differentiated cells predominated in the central regions. Screening of 77 dietary compounds and metabolites revealed altered proliferation or differentiation of the murine colonic epithelium. When exposed to a subset of the compound library, murine organoids exhibited similar responses to that of the monolayer but with differences that were likely attributable to the inaccessible organoid lumen. The response of the human primary epithelium to a compound subset was distinct from that of both the murine primary epithelium and human tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that a self-renewing 2-D murine and human monolayer derived from primary cells can serve as a physiologically relevant assay system for study of stem cell renewal and differentiation and for compound screening. The platform holds transformative potential for personalized and precision medicine and can be applied to emerging areas of disease modeling and microbiome studies.
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Key Words
- 2-D, two-dimensional
- 3-D, three-dimensional
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- CAG, cytomegalovirus enhancer plus chicken actin promoter
- CI, confidence interval
- Colonic Epithelial Cells
- Compound Screening
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EDU, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- ENR-W, cell medium with [Wnt-3A] of 30 ng/mL
- ENR-w, cell medium with [Wnt-3A] of 10 ng/mL
- HISC, human intestinal stem cell medium
- IACUC, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
- ISC, intestinal stem cell
- Monolayer
- Organoids
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane
- RFP, red fluorescent protein
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- SSMD, strictly standardized mean difference
- UNC, University of North Carolina
- α-ChgA, anti-chromogranin A
- α-Muc2, anti-mucin2
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matthew DiSalvo
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Dulan B. Gunasekara
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Johanna Dutton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Angela Proctor
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Michael S. Lebhar
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ian A. Williamson
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer Speer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Riley L. Howard
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nicole M. Smiddy
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Scott J. Bultman
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Christopher E. Sims
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Scott T. Magness
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Nancy L. Allbritton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina,Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Nancy L. Allbritton, MD, PhD, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599. fax: (919) 962-2388.Department of ChemistryUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth Carolina 27599
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