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Kalfon L, Paz R, Raveh-Barak H, Salama A, Samra N, Kaplun A, Chasnyk N, Kfir NC, Mousa NK, Biton ES, Tanus M, Aharon-Peretz J, Falik Zaccai TC. Familial Early-Onset Alzheimer's Caused by Novel Genetic Variant and APP Duplication: A Cross-Sectional Study. Curr Alzheimer Res 2022; 19:694-707. [PMID: 36278440 DOI: 10.2174/1567205020666221020095257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical characteristics of symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers of early- onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer's (EOADAD) due to a yet-undescribed chromosomal rearrangement may add to the available body of knowledge about Alzheimer's disease and may enlighten novel and modifier genes. We report the clinical and genetic characteristics of asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals carrying a novel APP duplication rearrangement. METHODS Individuals belonging to a seven-generation pedigree with familial cognitive decline or intracerebral hemorrhages were recruited. Participants underwent medical, neurological, and neuropsychological evaluations. The genetic analysis included chromosomal microarray, Karyotype, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and whole genome sequencing. RESULTS Of 68 individuals, six females presented with dementia, and four males presented with intracerebral hemorrhage. Of these, nine were found to carry Chromosome 21 copy number gain (chr21:27,224,097-27,871,284, GRCh37/hg19) including the APP locus (APP-dup). In seven, Chromosome 5 copy number gain (Chr5: 24,786,234-29,446,070, GRCh37/hg19) (Chr5-CNG) cosegregated with the APP-dup. Both duplications co-localized to chromosome 18q21.1 and segregated in 25 pre-symptomatic carriers. Compared to non-carriers, asymptomatic carriers manifested cognitive decline in their mid-thirties. A third of the affected individuals carried a diagnosis of a dis-immune condition. CONCLUSION APP extra dosage, even in isolation and when located outside chromosome 21, is pathogenic. The clinical presentation of APP duplication varies and may be gender specific, i.e., ICH in males and cognitive-behavioral deterioration in females. The association with immune disorders is presently unclear but may prove relevant. The implication of Chr5-CNG co-segregation and the surrounding chromosome 18 genetic sequence needs further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limor Kalfon
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Rotem Paz
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Medicine, Haifa, Israel.,Cognitive Neurology Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hadas Raveh-Barak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Areef Salama
- Department of Family Medicine, Sherutei Briut Clalit, Haifa and Western Galilee District, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nadra Samra
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | | | - Natalia Chasnyk
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Nehama Cohen Kfir
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | | | - Efrat Shuster Biton
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Mary Tanus
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Judith Aharon-Peretz
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa Israel.,Cognitive Neurology Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tzipora C Falik Zaccai
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Chiari A, Pistoresi B, Galli C, Tondelli M, Vinceti G, Molinari MA, Addabbo T, Zamboni G. Determinants of Caregiver Burden in Early-Onset Dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2021; 11:189-197. [PMID: 34721497 PMCID: PMC8460976 DOI: 10.1159/000516585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Caregivers of patients with early-onset dementia (EOD) experience high levels of burden, which is known to be affected by caregivers' psychological features as well as by patients' and caregivers' demographical and social variables. Although potential clinical, demographical, and social determinants have been separately examined, it is not known how they reciprocally interact. Methods Ninety-two consecutive patient-caregiver dyads were recruited from the Cognitive Neurology Clinics of Modena, Northern Italy. Caregivers were asked to fill in questionnaires regarding their burden, psychological distress, and family economic status. Data were analyzed with multivariable regression models and then entered in a mediation model. Results Caregiver burden was positively related to female caregiver sex, spousal relationship to the patient, severity of patient's behavioral symptoms, diagnostic delay, and financial distress of the family. It was negatively related to disease duration, patient's education, region of birth, caregiver age, number of caregiver's days off work, number of offspring, and caregiver perception of patient's quality of life. While the effect of caregiver age, diagnostic delay, and of proxies of family or social network directly impacted on caregiver's burden, the effect of patient's disease duration, being a wife caregiver, financial distress, and number of caregiver's days off work was entirely mediated by the level of caregiver psychological distress. Conclusions Both direct actions (such as increasing social networks and shortening diagnostic delay) and indirect actions aimed at reducing psychological distress (such as increasing the number of caregiver's days off work and financial support) should be planned to reduce caregiver's burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Chiari
- U.O. Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Pistoresi
- Dipartimento di Economia Marco Biagi, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Galli
- U.O. Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.,Dipartimento di Cure Primarie, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Manuela Tondelli
- U.O. Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.,Dipartimento di Cure Primarie, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Vinceti
- U.O. Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Tindara Addabbo
- Dipartimento di Economia Marco Biagi, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zamboni
- U.O. Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Contador J, Pérez-Millán A, Tort-Merino A, Balasa M, Falgàs N, Olives J, Castellví M, Borrego-Écija S, Bosch B, Fernández-Villullas G, Ramos-Campoy O, Antonell A, Bargalló N, Sanchez-Valle R, Sala-Llonch R, Lladó A. Longitudinal brain atrophy and CSF biomarkers in early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 32:102804. [PMID: 34474317 PMCID: PMC8405839 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence of longitudinal atrophy in posterior brain areas in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD; aged < 65 years), but no studies have been conducted in an EOAD cohort with fluid biomarkers characterization. We used 3T-MRI and Freesurfer 6.0 to investigate cortical and subcortical gray matter loss at two years in 12 EOAD patients (A + T + N + ) compared to 19 controls (A-T-N-) from the Hospital Clínic Barcelona cohort. We explored group differences in atrophy patterns and we correlated atrophy and baseline CSF-biomarkers levels in EOAD. We replicated the correlation analyses in 14 EOAD (A + T + N + ) and 55 late-onset AD (LOAD; aged ≥ 75 years; A + T + N + ) participants from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative. We found that EOAD longitudinal atrophy spread with a posterior-to-anterior gradient and beyond hippocampus/amygdala. In EOAD, higher initial CSF NfL levels correlated with higher ventricular volumes at baseline. On the other hand, higher initial CSF Aβ42 levels (within pathological range) predicted higher rates of cortical loss in EOAD. In EOAD and LOAD subjects, higher CSF t-tau values at baseline predicted higher rates of subcortical atrophy. CSF p-tau did not show any significant correlation. In conclusion, posterior cortices, hippocampus and amygdala capture EOAD atrophy from early stages. CSF Aβ42 might predict cortical thinning and t-tau/NfL subcortical atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Contador
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Agnès Pérez-Millán
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Adrià Tort-Merino
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Mircea Balasa
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Atlantic Fellow for Equity in Brain Health, Global Brain Heath Institute
| | - Neus Falgàs
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Atlantic Fellow for Equity in Brain Health, Global Brain Heath Institute; Department of Neurology, Memory & Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jaume Olives
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Magdalena Castellví
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Sergi Borrego-Écija
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Beatriz Bosch
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Fernández-Villullas
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Oscar Ramos-Campoy
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Anna Antonell
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Nuria Bargalló
- Image Diagnostic Centre, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Valle
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas. CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Roser Sala-Llonch
- Institute of Neurosciences. Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain; Biomedical Imaging Group, Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lladó
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas. CIBERNED, Spain.
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O'Connor A, Abel E, Fraser MR, Ryan NS, Jiménez DA, Koriath C, Chávez-Gutiérrez L, Ansorge O, Mummery CJ, Lashley T, Rossor MN, Polke JM, Mead S, Fox NC. A novel presenilin 1 duplication mutation (Ile168dup) causing Alzheimer's disease associated with myoclonus, seizures and pyramidal features. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 103:137.e1-5. [PMID: 33648786 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) gene are the most common cause of autosomal dominant familial Alzheimer's disease. We report the clinical, imaging and postmortem findings of kindred carrying a novel duplication mutation (Ile168dup) in the PSEN1 gene. We interpret the pathogenicity of this novel variant and discuss the additional neurological features (pyramidal dysfunction, myoclonus and seizures) that accompanied cognitive decline. This report broadens the clinical phenotype of PSEN1 insertion mutations while also highlighting the importance of considering duplication, insertion and deletion mutations in cases of young onset dementia.
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Cao L, Zhu F, Qiu G. Early-onset Alzheimer's disease may be associated with sortilin-related receptor 1 gene mutation: A family report and review. Radiol Case Rep 2020; 16:30-34. [PMID: 33163129 PMCID: PMC7599375 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease is a rare condition that differs from the usual memory-disordered presentation of typical Alzheimer's disease. Early-onset Alzheimer's disease is believed to have a genetic basis, and sporadic Alzheimer's disease has been associated with sortilin-related receptor 1 polymorphism. Case presentation: This report describes and discusses the family report of a 59-year-old patient with early-onset Alzheimer's disease that may have been associated with a sortilin-related receptor 1 gene mutation. The patient was hospitalized in August 2008 for gradually progressive amnesia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed that the patient presented with whole-brain atrophy (especially in the bilateral medial temporal lobe and hippocampus). He had an initial Mini-Mental State Examination score of 15 (time orientation: 4/5; place orientation: 4/5; language immediate memory: 2/3; attention and calculation: 1/5; delayed memory: 0/3; naming: 1/2; language retelling, understanding, and expression: 3/6; visuospatial ability: 0/1). Whole-exome sequencing showed a sortilin-related receptor 1 gene mutation, c.3575G>A (chr11:121448104), which was detected in the patient and his children. Discussion: Patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease present with obvious deficits in language, visuospatial abilities, praxis, or other nonmemory cognitive functions. In this case, the speech, memory, and visuospatial impairment of the patient may be associated with the sortilin-related receptor 1 gene mutation. Atrophy of the bilateral medial temporal lobe/hippocampus on magnetic resonance imaging may be an important marker of early-onset Alzheimer's disease. A sortilin-related receptor 1 gene mutation, c.3575G>A (chr11:121448104), may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Neurology, Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guozhen Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Wang H, Sun R, Shi Y, Xia M, Zhao J, Yang M, Ma L, Sun Y, Li G, Zhang H, Qin W, Zhang J. Probable Novel PSEN1 Gln222Leu Mutation in a Chinese Family with Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:764-769. [PMID: 31385772 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190806161342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rate of occurrence of Alzheimer's disease is increasing around the world. However, there is still no significant breakthrough in the study of its etiology and pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE To screen Alzheimer's disease pathogenic genes, which may be conducive to the elucidation of the pathogenic mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease And predict the pathogenicity by various computer software. METHODS Clinical and neuroimaging examination, Whole Exome Sequencing, and Sanger sequencing were performed in the proband. Mutation sites were verified in 158 subjects. RESULTS We reported a proband carrying a probably novel pathogenic mutation, which clinically manifests as progressive memory loss, visual-spatial disorders, apraxia, psychobehavioral disorders, and temperamental and personality changes. Whole Exome Sequencing detected a novel missense mutation at codon 222 (Q222L), which is a heterozygous A to T point mutation at position 665 (c.665A>T) in exon 5 of the presenilin 1 leading to a glutamine-to-leucine substitution. The mutation was also identified by Sanger sequencing in one family member; nevertheless, it was not detected in the other 7 unaffected family members, 50 sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients and 100 control subjects. CONCLUSION A novel mutation in exon 5 of the presenilin 1 gene (Gln222Leu) in a Chinese family with early-onset Alzheimer's disease has been reported, besides, it was predicted that the missense mutation was probably a novel pathogenic mutation that was reported for the first time in a Chinese family with early-onset Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruihua Sun
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mingrong Xia
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Miaomiao Yang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Limin Ma
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yajing Sun
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gai Li
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haohan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weiwei Qin
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Fraiman P, Freire M, Moreira-Neto M, Godeiro-Junior C. Hemorrhagic stroke and COVID-19 infection: Coincidence or causality? eNeurologicalSci 2020; 21:100274. [PMID: 32954020 PMCID: PMC7492182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2020.100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid Protein Precursor gene duplication is a rare cause of early-onset Alzheimer's disease that can be associated with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy. This condition predisposes cerebrovascular events, specifically, intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke. This report describes a case of first-time intracerebral hemorrhage in a patient with APP gene duplication during SARS-CoV-2 infection, a typically pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory condition, as a possible trigger for this condition. Stroke could be triggered by COVID-19 infection in high-risk patients. Altered level of consciousness could be the first manifestation of COVID-19. CT thorax scan must be considered during neuroimaging studies in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Fraiman
- Division of Neurology, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Nilo Peçanha, S/N, Petropolis, Natal, RN 59012-300, Brazil
| | - Mariana Freire
- Division of Radiology, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Nilo Peçanha, S/N, Petropolis, Natal, RN 59012-300, Brazil
| | - Manuel Moreira-Neto
- Master's in Health Education (MPES), Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCSa), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Nilo Peçanha, S/N, Petropolis, Natal, RN 59012-300, Brazil
- Division of Radiology, Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer (LNRCC), Av. Miguel Castro, 1355, Dix-Sept Rosado, Natal, RN 59075-740, Brazil
| | - Clecio Godeiro-Junior
- Division of Neurology, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Nilo Peçanha, S/N, Petropolis, Natal, RN 59012-300, Brazil
- Master's in Health Education (MPES), Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCSa), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Nilo Peçanha, S/N, Petropolis, Natal, RN 59012-300, Brazil
- Corresponding author at: Division of Neurology, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Nilo Peçanha, S/N, Petropolis, Natal, RN 59012-300, Brazil.
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8
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Elahi FM, Casaletto KB, La Joie R, Walters SM, Harvey D, Wolf A, Edwards L, Rivera-Contreras W, Karydas A, Cobigo Y, Rosen HJ, DeCarli C, Miller BL, Rabinovici GD, Kramer JH. Plasma biomarkers of astrocytic and neuronal dysfunction in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 16:681-695. [PMID: 31879236 PMCID: PMC7138729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated plasma proteomic markers of astrocytopathy, brain degeneration, plasticity, and inflammation in sporadic early-onset versus late-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD and LOAD). METHODS Plasma was analyzed using ultra-sensitive immuno-based assays from 33 EOAD, 30 LOAD, and 36 functionally normal older adults. RESULTS Principle component analyses identified 3 factors: trophic (BDNF, VEGF, TGFβ), degenerative (GFAP, NfL), and inflammatory (TNFα, IL-6, IP-10, IL-10). Trophic factor was elevated in both AD groups and associated with cognition and gray matter volumes. Degenerative factor was elevated in EOAD, with higher levels associated with worse functioning in this group. Biomarkers of inflammation were not significantly different between groups and were only associated with age. DISUCSSION Plasma proteomic biomarkers provide novel means of investigating molecular processes in vivo and their contributions to clinical outcomes. We present initial investigations of several of these fluid biomarkers, capturing aspects of astrocytopathy, neuronal injury, cellular plasticity, and inflammation in EOAD versus LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny M Elahi
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kaitlin B Casaletto
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Renaud La Joie
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samantha M Walters
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Danielle Harvey
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Amy Wolf
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Edwards
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wilfredo Rivera-Contreras
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anna Karydas
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yann Cobigo
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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9
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Mengel D, Liu L, Yamamoto R, Zülow S, Deuschl C, Hermann DM, Zerr I, Selkoe DJ, Dodel R. A novel V272D presenilin mutation associated with logopenia, disorientation, and apraxia in an autosomal-dominant Alzheimer's disease family. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 85:154.e5-154.e7. [PMID: 31500908 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a novel mutation in the presenilin 1 gene was discovered in an Iraq-native patient with early-onset Alzheimer's disease, who presented with speech impairment and memory decline at age 46 years. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a frontotemporal atrophy. Sanger sequencing identified a heterozygous T to A transversion at position 815 (c.815T>A) in the presenilin 1 gene (PSEN1), resulting in a novel missense mutation at codon 272 from valine to aspartate (V272D). We tested this PSEN1 mutation in vitro and found V272D resulted in an altered Aβ42/40 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mengel
- Chair of Geriatric Medicine, University Essen, and Geriatric Centre Haus Berge, Contilia Group, Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Liu
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raina Yamamoto
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Dr. Eberhard & Partner, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stefan Zülow
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Deuschl
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dennis J Selkoe
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard Dodel
- Chair of Geriatric Medicine, University Essen, and Geriatric Centre Haus Berge, Contilia Group, Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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10
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Guven G, Erginel-Unaltuna N, Samanci B, Gulec C, Hanagasi H, Bilgic B. A patient with early-onset Alzheimer's disease with a novel PSEN1 p.Leu424Pro mutation. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 84:238.e1-238.e4. [PMID: 31296348 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
"Presenilin 1" (PSEN1) gene mutations are the major known genetic cause of early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Herein, we report a novel heterozygous PSEN1 mutation (p.Leu424Pro) in a Turkish patient presenting with deterioration of short-term memory and visuospatial skills starting at the age of 47 years. This novel mutation is located in the conserved residue of transmembrane domain 8 coded by exon 12. At the protein level, this mutation caused a disruption in the alpha helix structure of PSEN1. The structural and possible functional consequences of the mutation suggest that it has probably a pathogenic effect, which in turns had a potential role in the development of Alzheimer's disease in our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Guven
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nihan Erginel-Unaltuna
- Department of Genetics, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bedia Samanci
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cagri Gulec
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasmet Hanagasi
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Basar Bilgic
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Park JE, Kim HJ, Kim YE, Jang H, Cho SH, Kim SJ, Na DL, Won HH, Ki CS, Seo SW. Analysis of dementia-related gene variants in APOE ε4 noncarrying Korean patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 85:155.e5-155.e8. [PMID: 31217084 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
There is a genetic overlap among various neurodegenerative diseases that cause dementia. We analyzed dementia-related gene variants in 60 apolipoprotein E ε4 non-carrying Korean patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Thirty-one dementia-related genes were screened by exome sequencing. Among the 60 patients, three likely pathogenic variants (LPVs) and 1 variant of uncertain significance (VUS) were identified in PSEN1. In addition, two LPVs in TYROBP (c.141del) and PINK1 (c.1220G>A) and 17 VUS were found in other dementia-causing genes. Two variants in SORL1 and TREM2 were identified that were associated with Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we identified 5 (8.3%) LPVs and 18 (30%) VUSs in known dementia-related genes in apolipoprotein E ε4 noncarrying Korean patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanynag University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Eun Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Wong TH, Seelaar H, Melhem S, Rozemuller AJM, van Swieten JC. Genetic screening in early-onset Alzheimer's disease identified three novel presenilin mutations. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 86:201.e9-201.e14. [PMID: 30797548 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in presenilin 1 (PSEN1), presenilin 2 (PSEN2), and amyloid precursor protein (APP) are major genetic causes of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD). Clinical heterogeneity is frequently observed in patients with PSEN1 and PSEN2 mutations. Using whole exome sequencing, we screened a Dutch cohort of 68 patients with EOAD for rare variants in Mendelian Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and prion disease genes. We identified 3 PSEN1 and 2 PSEN2 variants. Three variants, 1 in PSEN1 (p.H21Profs*2) and both PSEN2 (p.A415S and p.M174I), were novel and absent in control exomes. These novel variants can be classified as probable pathogenic, except for PSEN1 (p.H21Profs*2) in which the pathogenicity is uncertain. The initial clinical symptoms between mutation carriers varied from behavioral problems to memory impairment. Our findings extend the mutation spectrum of EOAD and underline the clinical heterogeneity among PSEN1 and PSEN2 mutation carriers. Screening for Alzheimer's disease-causing genes is indicated in presenile dementia with an overlapping clinical diagnosis.
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13
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Parker TD, Slattery CF, Yong KXX, Nicholas JM, Paterson RW, Foulkes AJM, Malone IB, Thomas DL, Cash DM, Crutch SJ, Fox NC, Schott JM. Differences in hippocampal subfield volume are seen in phenotypic variants of early onset Alzheimer's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 21:101632. [PMID: 30558867 PMCID: PMC6411912 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The most common presentation of early onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD - defined as symptom onset <65 years) is with progressive episodic memory impairment - amnestic or typical Alzheimer's disease (tAD). However, EOAD is notable for its phenotypic heterogeneity, with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) - characterised by prominent higher-order visual processing deficits and relative sparing of episodic memory - the second most common canonical phenotype. The hippocampus, which comprises a number of interconnected anatomically and functionally distinct subfields, is centrally involved in Alzheimer's disease and is a crucial mediator of episodic memory. The extent to which volumes of individual hippocampal subfields differ between different phenotypes in EOAD is unclear. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the hypothesis that patients with a PCA phenotype will exhibit differences in specific hippocampal subfield volumes compared to tAD. We studied 63 participants with volumetric T1-weighted MRI performed on the same 3T scanner: 39 EOAD patients [27 with tAD and 12 with PCA] and 24 age-matched controls. Volumetric estimates of the following hippocampal subfields for each participant were obtained using Freesurfer version 6.0: CA1, CA2/3, CA4, presubiculum, subiculum, hippocampal tail, parasubiculum, the molecular and granule cell layers of the dentate gryus (GCMLDG), the molecular layer, and the hippocampal amygdala transition area (HATA). Linear regression analyses comparing mean hippocampal subfield volumes between groups, adjusting for age, sex and head size, were performed. Using a Bonferonni-corrected p-value of p < 0.0025, compared to controls, tAD was associated with atrophy in all hippocampal regions, except the parasubiculum. In PCA patients compared to controls, the strongest evidence for volume loss was in the left presubiclum, right subiculum, right GCMLDG, right molecular layer and the right HATA. Compared to PCA, patients with tAD had strong evidence for smaller volumes in left CA1 and left hippocampal tail. In conclusion, these data provide evidence that hippocampal subfield volumes differ in different phenotypes of EOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Parker
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK.
| | - Catherine F Slattery
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Keir X X Yong
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Jennifer M Nicholas
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ross W Paterson
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Alexander J M Foulkes
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Ian B Malone
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - David L Thomas
- Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - David M Cash
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Sebastian J Crutch
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Nick C Fox
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
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14
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Cheng R, Tang M, Martinez I, Ayodele T, Baez P, Reyes-Dumeyer D, Lantigua R, Medrano M, Jimenez-Velazquez I, Lee JH, Beecham GW, Reitz C. Linkage analysis of multiplex Caribbean Hispanic families loaded for unexplained early-onset cases identifies novel Alzheimer's disease loci. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2018; 10:554-562. [PMID: 30406174 PMCID: PMC6215058 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Less than 10% of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) is explained by known mutations. Methods We conducted genetic linkage analysis of 68 well-phenotyped Caribbean Hispanic families without clear inheritance patterns or mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 and with two or more individuals with EOAD. Results We identified 16 (logarithm of odds > 3.6) linked regions, including eight novel loci for EOAD (2p15, 5q14.1, 11p15.1, 13q21.22, 13q33.1, 16p12.1, 20p12.1, and 20q11.21) and eight regions previously associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The strongest signal was observed at 16p12.1 (25 cM, 33 Mb; heterogeneity logarithm of odds = 5.3), ∼3 Mb upstream of the ceroid lipofuscinosis 3 (CLN3) gene associated with juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL), which functions in retromer trafficking and has been reported to alter intracellular processing of the amyloid precursor protein. Discussion This study supports the notion that the genetic architectures of unexplained EOAD and late-onset AD overlap partially, but not fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cheng
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Min Tang
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Izri Martinez
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Temitope Ayodele
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Penelope Baez
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rafael Lantigua
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Medrano
- School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra, Santiago, Dominican Republic
| | - Ivonne Jimenez-Velazquez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Joseph H Lee
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary W Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Christiane Reitz
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Fiford CM, Ridgway GR, Cash DM, Modat M, Nicholas J, Manning EN, Malone IB, Biessels GJ, Ourselin S, Carmichael OT, Cardoso MJ, Barnes J. Patterns of progressive atrophy vary with age in Alzheimer's disease patients. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 63:22-32. [PMID: 29220823 PMCID: PMC5805840 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Age is not only the greatest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) but also a key modifier of disease presentation and progression. Here, we investigate how longitudinal atrophy patterns vary with age in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Data comprised serial longitudinal 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging scans from 153 AD, 339 MCI, and 191 control subjects. Voxel-wise maps of longitudinal volume change were obtained and aligned across subjects. Local volume change was then modeled in terms of diagnostic group and an interaction between group and age, adjusted for total intracranial volume, white-matter hyperintensity volume, and apolipoprotein E genotype. Results were significant at p < 0.05 with family-wise error correction for multiple comparisons. An age-by-group interaction revealed that younger AD patients had significantly faster atrophy rates in the bilateral precuneus, parietal, and superior temporal lobes. These results suggest younger AD patients have predominantly posterior progressive atrophy, unexplained by white-matter hyperintensity, apolipoprotein E, or total intracranial volume. Clinical trials may benefit from adapting outcome measures for patient groups with lower average ages, to capture progressive atrophy in posterior cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy M Fiford
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
| | - Gerard R Ridgway
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, 12 Queen Square, London, UK
| | - David M Cash
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marc Modat
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Emily N Manning
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Ian B Malone
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Geert Jan Biessels
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastien Ourselin
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - M Jorge Cardoso
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Josephine Barnes
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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16
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Cruchaga C, Del-Aguila JL, Saef B, Black K, Fernandez MV, Budde J, Ibanez L, Deming Y, Kapoor M, Tosto G, Mayeux RP, Holtzman DM, Fagan AM, Morris JC, Bateman RJ, Goate AM, Harari O. Polygenic risk score of sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease reveals a shared architecture with the familial and early-onset forms. Alzheimers Dement 2018; 14:205-214. [PMID: 28943286 PMCID: PMC5803427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the extent of overlap of the genetic architecture among the sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's Disease (sLOAD), familial late-onset AD (fLOAD), sporadic early-onset AD (sEOAD), and autosomal dominant early-onset AD (eADAD). METHODS Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were constructed using previously identified 21 genome-wide significant loci for LOAD risk. RESULTS We found that there is an overlap in the genetic architecture among sEOAD, fLOAD, and sLOAD. The highest association of the PRS and risk (odds ratio [OR] = 2.27; P = 1.29 × 10-7) was observed in sEOAD, followed by fLOAD (OR = 1.75; P = 1.12 × 10-7) and sLOAD (OR = 1.40; P = 1.21 × 10-3). The PRS was associated with cerebrospinal fluid ptau181-Aβ42 on eADAD (P = 4.36 × 10-2). CONCLUSION Our analysis confirms that the genetic factors identified for LOAD modulate risk in sLOAD and fLOAD and also sEOAD cohorts. Specifically, our results suggest that the burden of these risk variants is associated with familial clustering and earlier onset of AD. Although these variants are not associated with risk in the eADAD, they may be modulating age at onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jorge L Del-Aguila
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Benjamin Saef
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kathleen Black
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - John Budde
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Laura Ibanez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yuetiva Deming
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Manav Kapoor
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Giuseppe Tosto
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard P Mayeux
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; School of Medicine, Mother and Teacher Pontifical Catholic University, Santiago, Dominican Republic
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anne M Fagan
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Randall J Bateman
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Oscar Harari
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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17
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Wang JC, Alinaghi S, Tafakhori A, Sikora E, Azcona LJ, Karkheiran S, Goate A, Paisán-Ruiz C, Darvish H. Genetic screening in two Iranian families with early-onset Alzheimer's disease identified a novel PSEN1 mutation. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 62:244.e15-7. [PMID: 29175279 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A subset of early-onset Alzheimer's disease is inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait and is associated with mutations in the genes encoding β-amyloid precursor protein, presenilin 1, or presenilin 2. In this study, we identified 2 PSEN1 mutations (1 novel and 1 known) in 2 unrelated Iranian families with autosomal-dominant Alzheimer's disease. The disease progressed rapidly with a mean age at onset of 33 and 42 years and an age at death ranging from 43 to 48 years.
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18
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Yin Z, Raj D, Saiepour N, Van Dam D, Brouwer N, Holtman IR, Eggen BJL, Möller T, Tamm JA, Abdourahman A, Hol EM, Kamphuis W, Bayer TA, De Deyn PP, Boddeke E. Immune hyperreactivity of Aβ plaque-associated microglia in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 55:115-122. [PMID: 28434692 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is strongly associated with microglia-induced neuroinflammation. Particularly, Aβ plaque-associated microglia take on an "activated" morphology. However, the function and phenotype of these Aβ plaque-associated microglia are not well understood. We show hyperreactivity of Aβ plaque-associated microglia upon systemic inflammation in transgenic AD mouse models (i.e., 5XFAD and APP23). Gene expression profiling of Aβ plaque-associated microglia (major histocompatibility complex II+ microglia) isolated from 5XFAD mice revealed a proinflammatory phenotype. The upregulated genes involved in the biological processes (gene ontology terms) included: "immune response to external stimulus" such as Axl, Cd63, Egr2, and Lgals3, "cell motility", such as Ccl3, Ccl4, Cxcr4, and Sdc3, "cell differentiation", and "system development", such as St14, Trpm1, and Spp1. In human AD tissue with similar Braak stages, expression of phagocytic markers and AD-associated genes, including HLA-DRA, APOE, AXL, TREM2, and TYROBP, was higher in laser-captured early-onset AD (EOAD) plaques than in late-onset AD plaques. Interestingly, the nonplaque parenchyma of both EOAD and late-onset AD brains, the expression of above-mentioned markers were similarly low. Here, we provide evidence that Aβ plaque-associated microglia are hyperreactive in their immune response and phagocytosis in the transgenic AD mice as well as in EOAD brain tissue. We suggest that Aβ plaque-associated microglia are the primary source of neuroinflammation related to AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Yin
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Divya Raj
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nasrin Saiepour
- Department of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Debby Van Dam
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nieske Brouwer
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inge R Holtman
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart J L Eggen
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Möller
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit, Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph A Tamm
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit, Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Aicha Abdourahman
- Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit, Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Elly M Hol
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Astrocyte biology & Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Willem Kamphuis
- Astrocyte biology & Neurodegeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas A Bayer
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Erik Boddeke
- Section Medical Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Zhan Y, Zheng H, Wang C, Rong Z, Xiao N, Ma Q, Zhang YW. A novel presenilin 1 mutation (F388L) identified in a Chinese family with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2017;50:168.e1-168.e4. [PMID: 27836335 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A subset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurrence shows autosomal dominant, familial inheritance patterns. Such familial AD (FAD) are caused by mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes, which encode amyloid-β (Aβ) precursor protein, presenilin 1 (PS1), and presenilin 2 (PS2), respectively. Here, we report a novel PSEN1 mutation (c.1164C > G, p.F388L, mutation nomenclature according to National Center for Biotechnology Information Reference Sequence: NM_000021.3) occurring in a Chinese family with early-onset AD and cosegregating with affected family members. The average age at onset of this family was 43 years. The F388L mutation locates adjacent to the critical catalytic aspartate site (D385) of PS1. Overexpression of the F388L mutant significantly increased Aβ42 secretion and the ratio of Aβ42/Aβ40 when compared with wild type PS1, consisting with the notion that FAD-associated PS1 mutations induce disease pathogenesis by increasing Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio. Our results identify a novel pathogenic PS1 F388L mutation in a Chinese FAD family.
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20
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Joubert S, Gour N, Guedj E, Didic M, Guériot C, Koric L, Ranjeva JP, Felician O, Guye M, Ceccaldi M. Early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease are associated with distinct patterns of memory impairment. Cortex 2015; 74:217-32. [PMID: 26694580 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the specific patterns of memory breakdown in patients suffering from early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Twenty EOAD patients, twenty LOAD patients, twenty matched younger controls, and twenty matched older controls participated in this study. All participants underwent a detailed neuropsychological assessment, an MRI scan, an FDG-PET scan, and AD patients had biomarkers as supporting evidence of both amyloïdopathy and neuronal injury. Results of the neuropsychological assessment showed that both EOAD and LOAD groups were impaired in the domains of memory, executive functions, language, praxis, and visuoconstructional abilities, when compared to their respective control groups. EOAD and LOAD groups, however, showed distinct patterns of memory impairment. Even though both groups were similarly affected on measures of episodic, short term and working memory, in contrast semantic memory was significantly more impaired in LOAD than in EOAD patients. The EOAD group was not more affected than the LOAD group in any memory domain. EOAD patients, however, showed significantly poorer performance in other cognitive domains including executive functions and visuoconstructional abilities. A more detailed analysis of the pattern of semantic memory performance among patient groups revealed that the LOAD was more profoundly impaired, in tasks of both spontaneous recall and semantic recognition. Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) analyses showed that impaired semantic performance in patients was associated with reduced gray matter volume in the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) region, while PET-FDG analyses revealed that poorer semantic performance was associated with greater hypometabolism in the left temporoparietal region, both areas reflecting key regions of the semantic network. Results of this study indicate that EOAD and LOAD patients present with distinct patterns of memory impairment, and that a genuine semantic impairment may represent one of the clinical hallmarks of LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Joubert
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Natalina Gour
- Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM, Institut des Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS) UMR 1106, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Guedj
- APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Pôle d'Imagerie, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Mira Didic
- Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM, Institut des Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS) UMR 1106, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Marseille, France
| | - Claude Guériot
- APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Marseille, France
| | - Lejla Koric
- APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Ranjeva
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Pôle d'Imagerie, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Felician
- Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM, Institut des Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS) UMR 1106, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Marseille, France
| | - Maxime Guye
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Pôle d'Imagerie, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Mathieu Ceccaldi
- Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM, Institut des Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS) UMR 1106, Marseille, France; APHM, Hôpitaux de la Timone, Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Marseille, France
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21
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Sassi C, Guerreiro R, Gibbs R, Ding J, Lupton MK, Troakes C, Lunnon K, Al-Sarraj S, Brown KS, Medway C, Lord J, Turton J, Mann D, Snowden J, Neary D, Harris J, Bras J, Morgan K, Powell JF, Singleton A, Hardy J. Exome sequencing identifies 2 novel presenilin 1 mutations (p.L166V and p.S230R) in British early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:2422.e13-6. [PMID: 24880964 PMCID: PMC4099516 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) represents 1%–2% of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases, and it is generally characterized by a positive family history and a rapidly progressive symptomatology. Rare coding and fully penetrant variants in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) are the only causative mutations reported for autosomal dominant AD. Thus, in this study we used exome sequencing data to rapidly screen rare coding variability in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, in a British cohort composed of 47 unrelated EOAD cases and 179 elderly controls, neuropathologically proven. We report 2 novel and likely pathogenic variants in PSEN1 (p.L166V and p.S230R). A comprehensive catalog of rare pathogenic variants in the AD Mendelian genes is pivotal for a premortem diagnosis of autosomal dominant EOAD and for the differential diagnosis with other early onset dementias such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Sassi
- University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Raphael Gibbs
- University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinhui Ding
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Claire Troakes
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Katie Lunnon
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kristelle S Brown
- School of Molecular Medical Sciences, Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chirstopher Medway
- School of Molecular Medical Sciences, Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- School of Molecular Medical Sciences, Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Turton
- School of Molecular Medical Sciences, Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David Mann
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour, and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Julie Snowden
- Cerebral Function Unit Greater Manchester Neuroscience Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - David Neary
- Cerebral Function Unit Greater Manchester Neuroscience Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Jeniffer Harris
- Cerebral Function Unit Greater Manchester Neuroscience Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Jose Bras
- University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Kevin Morgan
- School of Molecular Medical Sciences, Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - John F Powell
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John Hardy
- University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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22
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Carney RM, Kohli MA, Kunkle BW, Naj AC, Gilbert JR, Züchner S, Pericak-Vance MA. Parkinsonism and distinct dementia patterns in a family with the MAPT R406W mutation. Alzheimers Dement 2014; 10:360-5. [PMID: 23727082 PMCID: PMC3762928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Arg406Trp (R406W) missense mutation in the microtubule-associated protein-tau gene (MAPT) is a known cause of early-onset dementia. Various dementia phenotypes have been described, including frontotemporal dementia (FTD), FTD with parkinsonism, and early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD)-like presentations. METHODS Using whole-exome capture with subsequent sequencing, we identified the R406W mutation in a family with multiple individuals with clinically diagnosed EOAD, in a pattern suggesting autosomal dominant inheritance. We reevaluated all available family members clinically. RESULTS Each of the affected individuals had a course meeting clinical criteria for EOAD. Two distinct disease trajectories were apparent: one rapidly progressive, and the other long and gradual. Four of five affected individuals also manifested parkinsonian symptoms. FTD features were not prominent and, when present, appeared only late in the course of dementia. CONCLUSIONS The MAPT R406W mutation is associated with EOAD-like symptoms and parkinsonism without FTD, as well as distinct cognitive courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina M. Carney
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Martin A. Kohli
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Brian W. Kunkle
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Adam C. Naj
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - John R. Gilbert
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA,University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Stephan Züchner
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA,University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA,University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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23
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Cornejo-Olivas MR, Yu CE, Mazzetti P, Mata IF, Meza M, Lindo-Samanamud S, Leverenz JB, Bird TD. Clinical and molecular studies reveal a PSEN1 mutation (L153V) in a Peruvian family with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Lett 2014; 563:140-3. [PMID: 24495933 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) gene mutations are found in 30-70% of familial early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) cases (onset <60 years). Prevalence of these mutations is highly variable including ethnic differences worldwide. No Peruvian kindred with familial AD (FAD) have been described. Standardized clinical evaluation and cognitive assessment were completed in a Peruvian family with severe EOAD. Clinical course was characterized by very early onset (before age 35 years), progressive cognitive impairment with early memory loss, spatial disorientation and executive dysfunction. We sequenced all exons of PSEN1 in the proband and identified a c.475C>G DNA change resulting in a p.L153V missense mutation in the transmembrane domain 2 of the gene. This mutation is also present in the three additional affected siblings but not in a non-affected family member consistent with segregation of this mutation with the disease. This is the first report of a Peruvian family affected with EOAD associated with a PSEN1 mutation. This same mutation has been reported previously in English and French families, but a novel variants very close to the mutation and ancestry informative markers analysis suggests the mutation might be of Amerindian or African origin in this Peruvian family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario R Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru; Northern Pacific Global Health Research Fellows Training Consortium, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| | - Chang-En Yu
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Pilar Mazzetti
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru; School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Ignacio F Mata
- Parkinson's Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Maria Meza
- School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Saul Lindo-Samanamud
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru
| | - James B Leverenz
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Parkinson's Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Thomas D Bird
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Parkinson's Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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24
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Canu E, Agosta F, Spinelli EG, Magnani G, Marcone A, Scola E, Falautano M, Comi G, Falini A, Filippi M. White matter microstructural damage in Alzheimer's disease at different ages of onset. Neurobiol Aging 2013; 34:2331-40. [PMID: 23623599 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
White matter (WM) microstructural damage and its relationship with cortical abnormalities were explored in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) compared with late-onset AD (LOAD) patients. Structural and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance images were obtained from 22 EOAD patients, 35 LOAD patients, and 40 healthy controls. Patterns of WM microstructural damage and cortical atrophy, as well as their relationships, were assessed using tract-based spatial statistics, tractography and voxel-based morphometry. Compared with LOAD, EOAD patients had a more severe and distributed pattern of WM microstructural damage, in particular in the posterior fibers of cingulum and corpus callosum. In both groups with Alzheimer's disease, but especially in LOAD patients, correlations between cingulum and corpus callosum fractional anisotropy and parietal, temporal, and frontal cortical volumes were found. In conclusion, WM microstructural damage is more severe in EOAD compared with LOAD patients. Such damage follows different patterns of topographical distribution in the 2 patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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25
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Hooghiemstra AM, Eggermont LHP, Scheltens P, van der Flier WM, Scherder EJA. Exercise and early-onset Alzheimer's disease: theoretical considerations. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2012; 2:132-45. [PMID: 22590474 PMCID: PMC3347875 DOI: 10.1159/000335493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Although studies show a negative relationship between physical activity and the risk for cognitive impairment and late-onset Alzheimer's disease, studies concerning early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) are lacking. This review aims to justify the value of exercise interventions in EOAD by providing theoretical considerations that include neurobiological processes. METHODS A literature search on key words related to early-onset dementia, exercise, imaging, neurobiological mechanisms, and cognitive reserve was performed. RESULTS/CONCLUSION Brain regions and neurobiological processes contributing to the positive effects of exercise are affected in EOAD and, thus, provide theoretical support for exercise interventions in EOAD. Finally, we present the design of a randomized controlled trial currently being conducted in early-onset dementia patients.
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26
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Choi EJ, Bang H, Im JH, Chung SJ, Lee JH. A Case of Biopsy-proven Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease with Hemiparkinsonism. J Clin Neurol 2005; 1:97-100. [PMID: 20396477 PMCID: PMC2854937 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2005.1.1.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2004] [Accepted: 03/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with dementia and concomitant parkinsonism are frequently encountered in the elderly population. When it comes to young adults, however, coexistence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) is rare. We described a case of 47-year old man with presenile onset dementia associated with hemiparkinsonism involving the right extremities. Brain biopsy showed neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques, compatible with Alzheimer's disease. Iodine-123 labelled N-(3-iodopropen-2-yl)-2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-chlorophenyl) tropane ([(123)I]IPT) SPECT, dopamine transporter imaging, revealed a decreased uptake in both basal ganglia, more severe on the left side, particularly the caudal putamen, which is consistent with the finding of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. This case is unique in that damage on the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in a patient with Alzheimer's disease was demonstrated by a functional neuroimaging study and that early-onset AD and early-onset PD, two rare conditions, coexist in the same individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Choi
- Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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