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Hammarsten O, Ljungqvist P, Redfors B, Wernbom M, Widing H, Lindahl B, Salahuddin S, Sammantar R, Jha S, Ravn-Fischer A, Brink M, Gisslen M. The ratio of cardiac troponin T to troponin I may indicate non-necrotic troponin release among COVID-19 patients. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 527:33-37. [PMID: 34998858 PMCID: PMC8744390 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and troponin I(cTnI) are expressed to similar amount in cardiac tissue, cTnI often reach ten-times higher peak levels compared to cTnT in patients with myocardial necrosis such as in acute myocardial infarction (MI). In contrast, similar levels of cTnT and cTnI are observed in other situations such as stable atrial fibrillation and after strenuous exercise. OBJECTIVE Examine cTnT and cTnI levels in relation to COVID-19 disease and MI. METHODS Clinical and laboratory data from the local hospital from an observational cohort study of 27 patients admitted with COVID-19 and 15 patients with myocardial infarction (MI) that were analyzed with paired cTnT and cTnI measurement during hospital care. RESULTS Levels of cTnI were lower than cTnT in COVID-19 patients (TnI/TnT ratio 0.3, IQR: 0.1-0.6). In contrast, levels of cTnI were 11 times higher compared to cTnT in 15 patients with MI (TnI/TnT ratio 11, IQR: 7-14). The peak cTnI/cTnT ratio among the patients with MI following successful percutaneous intervention were 14 (TnI/TnT ratio 14, IQR: 12-23). The 5 COVID-19 patient samples collected under possible necrotic events had a cTnI/cTnT ratio of 5,5 (IQR: 1,9-8,3). CONCLUSIONS In patients with COVID-19, cTnT is often elevated to higher levels than cTnI in sharp contrast to patients with MI, indicating that the release of cardiac troponin has a different cause in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Hammarsten
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden,Corresponding author at: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Bruna straket 16, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pontus Ljungqvist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Redfors
- Department of emergency medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Sahlgrenska University hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Mathias Wernbom
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hannes Widing
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bertil Lindahl
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Sabin Salahuddin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ruwayda Sammantar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sandeep Jha
- Department of emergency medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Sahlgrenska University hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Annica Ravn-Fischer
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Magnus Brink
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Gisslen
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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