Nichols EL, Green LA, Smith CJ. Ensheathing cells utilize dynamic tiling of neuronal somas in development and injury as early as neuronal differentiation.
Neural Dev 2018;
13:19. [PMID:
30121077 PMCID:
PMC6098834 DOI:
10.1186/s13064-018-0115-8]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Glial cell ensheathment of specific components of neuronal circuits is essential for nervous system function. Although ensheathment of axonal segments of differentiated neurons has been investigated, ensheathment of neuronal cell somas, especially during early development when neurons are extending processes and progenitor populations are expanding, is still largely unknown.
Methods
To address this, we used time-lapse imaging in zebrafish during the initial formation of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG).
Results
Our results show that DRG neurons are ensheathed throughout their entire lifespan by a progenitor population. These ensheathing cells dynamically remodel during development to ensure axons can extend away from the neuronal cell soma into the CNS and out to the skin. As a population, ensheathing cells tile each DRG neuron to ensure neurons are tightly encased. In development and in experimental cell ablation paradigms, the oval shape of DRG neurons dynamically changes during partial unensheathment. During longer extended unensheathment neuronal soma shifting is observed. We further show the intimate relationship of these ensheathing cells with the neurons leads to immediate and choreographed responses to distal axonal damage to the neuron.
Conclusion
We propose that the ensheathing cells dynamically contribute to the shape and position of neurons in the DRG by their remodeling activity during development and are primed to dynamically respond to injury of the neuron.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (10.1186/s13064-018-0115-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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