citrinopileatus

In this study, we described the isolation of an 8,14-secoergostane-type, a 9,11-secoergostane-type, and three ergostane-type steroids from the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus. The structure of (22Z)-3β,5α,11-trihydroxy-9,11-secoergosta-7,22-diene-6,9-dione, previously reported, have been revised to (22E). Their structures were established using NMR, UV, IR, and mass spectroscopic analyses. Three of the isolated compounds were found to exhibit inhibitory activity on the production of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages with IC₅₀ values of 21.3, 17.6, and 23.1 μM, respectively.

Cytotoxic ergostane-type steroids from Ganoderma lingzhi

Two new ergostane-type steroids (1 and 2) have been isolated from the fruiting body of a medicinal macro fungus Ganoderma lingzhi. The structures including the absolute configurations of them were elucidated by a combination of different spectroscopic analyses especially ¹³C NMR and ECD calculations. Compound 2 features an unusual 1,2-dioxolane moiety. Our bioassays revealed that the two steroids showed remarkable cytotoxicity against human A549 (lung) and MCF-7 (breast) tumor cell lines, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 5.15 to 8.57 μg/mL.

New cytotoxic ergostane-type sterols from the Chinese soft coral Sinularia sp

Two new highly oxygenated ergostane-type sterols (1, 2) together with one known related compound sinugrandisterol A (3) were isolated from the soft coral Sinularia sp. collected from the water area near the Xisha Islands, South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis, chemical transformations, and by comparison with those reported in literature. In bioassays, compounds 1 and 2 showed in vitro antiproliferative activity against a panel of cancer cell lines, including MDA-MB-436, A549, Hep3B, HT-29 and H157. Morphological observation and Hoechst 33,258 staining assays showed that compound 1-treated H157 cells displayed apoptosis characteristics. Moreover, western blot assays suggested that 1 could increase the expression of Bax and down-regulate expression of Bcl-2.

The structure of antrocarine E, an ergostane isolated from Antrocaryon klaineanum Pierre (Anacardiaceae)

Eight compounds were isolated from the stem bark of Antrocaryon klaineanum, and their structures determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Among these compounds, the ergostane-type antrocarine E (1a) is a new compound, although the structure had already been published by mismatching the spectroscopic data with those of 2. In this paper, we are reporting the valid spectroscopic values for antrocarine E and X-ray diffraction results.

Six new ergostane-type steroids from king trumpet mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production

Six new ergostane-type steroids; (22E)-3β,5α,6α,11-tetrahydroxy-9(11)-seco-ergosta-7,22-dien-9-one (1), (22E)-8,14-epoxyergosta-6,22-diene-3β,5α,9α-triol (2), (22E)-4α,5α-epoxyergosta-7,22-diene-3β,6β-diol (3), (22E)-3β,4β,5α-trihydroxyergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (4), (22E)-ergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5β,6α-triol (5), and (22E)-6β-methoxyergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α-diol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (6) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of king trumpet mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii), along with fourteen known compounds (7-20). All isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on macrophage activation using a nitric oxide production inhibition assay.

Intestinal Absorption of Ergostane and Lanostane Triterpenoids from Antrodia cinnamomea Using Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model

Antrodia cinnamomea is a precious medicinal mushroom. It exhibits promising therapeutic effects on cancer, intoxication, hypertension, hepatitis, and inflammation. Its major bioactive constituents are ergostane and lanostane triterpenoids. In this study, we used intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayer model to reveal the intestinal absorption property of 14 representative triterpenoids from A. cinnamomea. The bidirectional transport through the monolayer at different time points was monitored by a fully validated LC/MS/MS method. In the case of pure compounds, ergostanes 5 (25R-antcin H), 6 (25S-antcin H) and 10 (25R-antcin B) could readily pass through the Caco-2 cell layer, whereas lanostanes 13 (dehydroeburicoic acid) and 14 (eburicoic acid) could hardly pass through. When the cells were treated with A. cinnamomea extract, antcins A, B, C, H and K (1-6 and 9-11) were absorbed via passive transcellular diffusion, and showed high P AB and P BA values (> 2.5 × 10(-5) cm/s). Meanwhile, the lanostanes dehydrosulphurenic acid (8), 15α-acetyldehydrosulphurenic acid (12), 13 and 14 exhibited poor permeability. Transport features of these compounds were consistent with their pharmacokinetic behaviors in rats. This study could also be helpful in predicting the intestinal absorption of A. cinnamomea in human.