Domalpally A, Xing B, Pak JW, Agrón E, Ferris FL, Clemons TE, Chew EY.
Extramacular Drusen and Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Age Related Eye Disease Study 2 Report 30.
Ophthalmol Retina 2023;
7:111-117. [PMID:
35940477 PMCID:
PMC9899297 DOI:
10.1016/j.oret.2022.08.001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE
To identify the prevalence of extramacular drusen and their role in the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
DESIGN
Retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort study.
PARTICIPANTS
The study was conducted in 4168 eyes (2998 participants) with intermediate AMD in one or both eyes enrolled in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2), a 5-year multicenter study of nutritional supplements.
METHODS
Baseline 3-field 30-degree color photographs were evaluated for drusen characteristics outside the macular grid, including size, area, and location. The characteristics of extramacular drusen were compared with those of drusen within the macula.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Progression rates to late AMD.
RESULTS
Although extramacular drusen were observed in 3624 (86.9%) eyes, they represented a small area (< 0.5 mm2) in 50.3% of eyes, with only 17.5% exhibiting an area of > 1 disc area. Eyes with extramacular drusen exhibited larger macular drusen size and area than eyes without extramacular drusen (P < 0.001). Extramacular drusen were not associated with progression to late AMD. The hazard ratio adjusted for baseline age, sex, smoking, AMD severity level, and reticular pseudodrusen for 4043 eyes at risk of developing late AMD over 5 years was 1.17 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88-1.54; P = 0.27) for geographic atrophy and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.76-1.2; P = 0.7) for neovascular AMD.
CONCLUSIONS
Extramacular drusen are commonly observed in eyes with AMD and are more frequent with an increasing drusen burden within the macula. In eyes with intermediate AMD, extramacular drusen do not confer additional risk to previously identified risk factors in progression to late AMD.
Collapse