1
|
Wu J, Li X, Hou R, Zhao K, Wang Y, Huang S, Cheng D, Zhang Z. Examination of acephate absorption, transport, and accumulation in maize after root irrigation for Spodoptera frugiperda control. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:57361-57371. [PMID: 34091843 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the invasion of the fall armyworm moth (Spodoptera frugiperda) in China in January 2019, damage to maize crops has gradually intensified, and chemical control has become the main control measure. This study aimed to examine methods of effective pest control while monitoring the environmental impact of pesticide use. The effectiveness of S. frugiperda pest control by foliar spraying and root irrigation of maize plants with acephate was determined, and the absorption, distribution, and dissipation of acephate and methamidophos by maize were studied. Field trials showed that acephate treatment at 6000 g a.i. ha-1 was the most effective for controlling S. frugiperda. Acephate and methamidophos were absorbed from the roots, transported upward, and concentrated in the leaves, particularly new leaves. The terminal residues of acephate and methamidophos in maize grains were below detectable levels at 60 days after treatment. The results demonstrate that acephate treatment via root irrigation can more effectively control the infestation of S. frugiperda in maize than acephate treatment via foliar spraying. The translocation and distribution of acephate and methamidophos by root irrigation were more uniform, and the holding efficiency was higher than those in foliar spraying, suggesting an extended period of control efficacy. This pest control method could be utilized to reduce pesticide residues while safely and efficiently controlling S. frugiperda infestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyingzi Wu
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xianjia Li
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ruiquan Hou
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Kunyu Zhao
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongqing Wang
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Suqing Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Dongmei Cheng
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao B, Hedlund J, Reynolds DR, Zhai B, Hu G, Chapman JW. The 'migratory connectivity' concept, and its applicability to insect migrants. Mov Ecol 2020; 8:48. [PMID: 33292576 PMCID: PMC7718659 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-020-00235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Migratory connectivity describes the degree of linkage between different parts of an animal's migratory range due to the movement trajectories of individuals. High connectivity occurs when individuals from one particular part of the migratory range move almost exclusively to another localized part of the migratory range with little mixing with individuals from other regions. Conversely, low migratory connectivity describes the situation where individuals spread over a wide area during migration and experience a large degree of mixing with individuals from elsewhere. The migratory connectivity concept is frequently applied to vertebrate migrants (especially birds), and it is highly relevant to conservation and management of populations. However, it is rarely employed in the insect migration literature, largely because much less is known about the migration circuits of most migratory insects than is known about birds. In this review, we discuss the applicability of the migratory connectivity concept to long-range insect migrations. In contrast to birds, insect migration circuits typically comprise multigenerational movements of geographically unstructured (non-discrete) populations between broad latitudinal zones. Also, compared to the faster-flying birds, the lower degree of control over movement directions would also tend to reduce connectivity in many insect migrants. Nonetheless, after taking account of these differences, we argue that the migratory connectivity framework can still be applied to insects, and we go on to consider postulated levels of connectivity in some of the most intensively studied insect migrants. We conclude that a greater understanding of insect migratory connectivity would be of value for conserving threatened species and managing pests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boya Gao
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
| | - Johanna Hedlund
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
- Lund University, Department of Biology, Centre for Animal Movement Research, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Don R Reynolds
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham, Kent, UK
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Baoping Zhai
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gao Hu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jason W Chapman
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
| |
Collapse
|