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He R, Li Y, Jiao P, Huang Y, Dong S, Mo L, Jiao X. Cuproptosis-related genes score and its hub gene GCSH: A novel predictor for cholangiocarcinomas prognosis based on RNA seq and experimental analyses. J Cancer 2024; 15:1551-1567. [PMID: 38370386 PMCID: PMC10869970 DOI: 10.7150/jca.92327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent researches have demonstrated that cuproptosis, a copper-dependent cell death mechanism, is related to tumorigenesis, progression, clinical prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and drug sensitivity. Nevertheless, the function and impact of cuproptosis in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), remain elusive. Methods: Utilizing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-CHOL) datasets, we conducted subgroup typing of CCA according to cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and explored functional differences and prognostic value between groups. A CRG score was established considering clinical prognosis and gene expression. Furthermore, differences in the immune microenvironment, response to immunotherapy, metabolic patterns, and cancer progression characteristics between high- and low-risk groups were examined on the basis of these scores. In vitro experiments validated the function of the key gene glycine cleavage system protein H (GCSH) in cellular and tissues, respectively. Results: Prognostic models established on the basis of subgroup genetic differences achieved satisfactory results in validation. Metabolic-related gene expression levels and tumor microenvironment distribution were significantly different between the high and low CRG groups. GCSH was revealed as the singular prognostic CRG in CCA (HR =6.04; 95% CI: 1.15-31.80). Moreover, inhibition of the cupcoptosis key gene GCSH attenuated the malignant ability of CCA cell lines in vitro, including cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and this function of GCSH may be achieved via JAK-STAT signaling in CCA. Conclusion: The CRG scoring system accurately predicts prognosis and opens up new possibilities for cuproptosis-related therapy for CCA. The cuproptosis key gene GCSH has been preliminarily confirmed as a reliable therapeutic target or prognostic marker for CCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Organ Transplant Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yihu Li
- Organ Transplant Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengcheng Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingbin Huang
- Organ Transplant Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyi Dong
- Organ Transplant Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liqiu Mo
- Department of Surgical Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingyuan Jiao
- Organ Transplant Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Dreishpoon MB, Bick NR, Petrova B, Warui DM, Cameron A, Booker SJ, Kanarek N, Golub TR, Tsvetkov P. FDX1 regulates cellular protein lipoylation through direct binding to LIAS. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105046. [PMID: 37453661 PMCID: PMC10462841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferredoxins are a family of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster proteins that serve as essential electron donors in numerous cellular processes that are conserved through evolution. The promiscuous nature of ferredoxins as electron donors enables them to participate in many metabolic processes including steroid, heme, vitamin D, and Fe-S cluster biosynthesis in different organisms. However, the unique natural function(s) of each of the two human ferredoxins (FDX1 and FDX2) are still poorly characterized. We recently reported that FDX1 is both a crucial regulator of copper ionophore-induced cell death and serves as an upstream regulator of cellular protein lipoylation, a mitochondrial lipid-based post-translational modification naturally occurring on four mitochondrial enzymes that are crucial for TCA cycle function. Here we show that FDX1 directly regulates protein lipoylation by binding the lipoyl synthase (LIAS) enzyme promoting its functional binding to the lipoyl carrier protein GCSH and not through indirect regulation of cellular Fe-S cluster biosynthesis. Metabolite profiling revealed that the predominant cellular metabolic outcome of FDX1 loss of function is manifested through the regulation of the four lipoylation-dependent enzymes ultimately resulting in loss of cellular respiration and sensitivity to mild glucose starvation. Transcriptional profiling established that FDX1 loss-of-function results in the induction of both compensatory metabolism-related genes and the integrated stress response, consistent with our findings that FDX1 loss-of-function is conditionally lethal. Together, our findings establish that FDX1 directly engages with LIAS, promoting its role in cellular protein lipoylation, a process essential in maintaining cell viability under low glucose conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nolan R Bick
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, USA
| | - Boryana Petrova
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Douglas M Warui
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Squire J Booker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Naama Kanarek
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Todd R Golub
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Majethia P, Somashekar PH, Hebbar M, Kadavigere R, Praveen BK, Girisha KM, Shukla A. Biallelic start loss variant, c.1A > G in GCSH is associated with variant nonketotic hyperglycinemia. Clin Genet 2021; 100:201-205. [PMID: 33890291 PMCID: PMC9990824 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The glycine cleavage system H protein (GCSH) is an integral part of the glycine cleavage system with its additional involvement in the synthesis and transport of lipoic acid. We hypothesize that pathogenic variants in GCSH can cause variant nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH), a heterogeneous group of disorders with findings resembling a combination of severe NKH (elevated levels of glycine in plasma and CSF, progressive lethargy, seizures, severe hypotonia, no developmental progress, early death) and mitochondriopathies (lactic acidosis, leukoencephalopathy and Leigh-like lesions on MRI). We herein report three individuals from two unrelated Indian families with clinical, biochemical, and radiological findings of variant NKH, harboring a biallelic start loss variant, c.1A > G in GCSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purvi Majethia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Puneeth Hirivate Somashekar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Malavika Hebbar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Rajagopal Kadavigere
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Katta Mohan Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Anju Shukla
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Kałuzińska Ż, Kołat D, Bednarek AK, Płuciennik E. PLEK2, RRM2, GCSH: A Novel WWOX-Dependent Biomarker Triad of Glioblastoma at the Crossroads of Cytoskeleton Reorganization and Metabolism Alterations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122955. [PMID: 34204789 PMCID: PMC8231639 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the deadliest human cancers. Its malignancy depends on cytoskeleton reorganization, which is related to, e.g., epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. The malignant phenotype of glioblastoma is also affected by the WWOX gene, which is lost in nearly a quarter of gliomas. Although the role of WWOX in the cytoskeleton rearrangement has been found in neural progenitor cells, its function as a modulator of cytoskeleton in gliomas was not investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of WWOX and its collaborators in cytoskeleton dynamics of glioblastoma. Methodology on RNA-seq data integrated the use of databases, bioinformatics tools, web-based platforms, and machine learning algorithm, and the obtained results were validated through microarray data. PLEK2, RRM2, and GCSH were the most relevant WWOX-dependent genes that could serve as novel biomarkers. Other genes important in the context of cytoskeleton (BMP4, CCL11, CUX2, DUSP7, FAM92B, GRIN2B, HOXA1, HOXA10, KIF20A, NF2, SPOCK1, TTR, UHRF1, and WT1), metabolism (MTHFD2), or correlation with WWOX (COL3A1, KIF20A, RNF141, and RXRG) were also discovered. For the first time, we propose that changes in WWOX expression dictate a myriad of alterations that affect both glioblastoma cytoskeleton and metabolism, rendering new therapeutic possibilities.
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