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Meng M, Wang L, Yao Y, Lin D, Wang C, Yao J, Sun H, Liu M. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) attenuates rheumatic arthritis in rats through inactivating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Phytomedicine 2023; 119:155010. [PMID: 37586160 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Not many drugs with fewer side effects are available for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) has good immunomodulatory effects, but whether it is effective in managing RA is not clear. PURPOSE This study was conducted to examine the anti-RA activity and possible mechanisms of GLPP in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were intradermally injected with bovine type II collagen in the tail base to establish the CIA model and were orally administered 100 or 200 mg/kg GLPP for 35 days. Paw thickness, clinical arthritis scores, gait analysis, organ index determination, blood cell counts, micro-CT imaging and pathological staining were performed on the rats. Liver and kidney function were measured by commercial kits, and antibody levels were measured by ELISA kits. RA-related protein levels were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS GLPP effectively alleviated CIA symptoms and reduced immune organ indexes, antibody levels and systemic organ injury. GLPP decreased the protein expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9, MMP13, BCL-2, OPN, β-Catenin, and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and increased the protein expression of BAX in the joint tissues of CIA rats. Moreover, GLPP decreased the phosphorylation levels of p65, IκB-α and ERK1/2. CONCLUSION GLPP effectively alleviated RA symptoms in CIA rats by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. This study suggests a promising therapeutic effect of mushroom-derived polysaccharide peptides on RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lianfu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China.
| | - DongMei Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jialin Yao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Mozhen Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Fang H, Lin D, Li X, Wang L, Yang T. Therapeutic potential of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide in Doxorubicin-induced nephropathy: modulation of renin-angiotensin system and proteinuria. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1287908. [PMID: 37841924 PMCID: PMC10570435 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1287908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In the Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced nephropathy model, proteinuria is a manifestation of progressive kidney injury. The pathophysiology of renal illness is heavily influenced by the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). To reduce renal RAS activation and proteinuria caused by DOX, this study evaluated the effectiveness of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (GL-PP), a new glycopeptide produced from Ganoderma lucidum grown on grass. Methods: Three groups of BALB/c male mice were created: control, DOX, and DOX + GL-PP. GL-PP (100 mg/kg) was administered to mice by intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks following a single intravenous injection of DOX (10 mg/kg via the tail vein). Results: After 4 weeks, full-length and soluble pro(renin) receptor (fPRR/sPRR) overexpression in DOX mouse kidneys, which is crucial for the RAS pathway, was dramatically inhibited by GL-PP therapy. Additionally, GL-PP successfully reduced elevation of urinary renin activity and angiotensin II levels, supporting the idea that GL-PP inhibits RAS activation. Moreover, GL-PP showed a considerable downregulation of nicotinamide adenine nucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression and a decrease in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels. GL-PP treatment effectively reduced glomerular and tubular injury induced by DOX, as evidenced by decreased proteinuria, podocyte damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Discussion: GL-PP inhibits intrarenal PRR/sPRR-RAS activation and upregulation of NOX4 and H2O2, suggesting potential therapeutic approaches against DOX-induced nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology in Universities of Shandong, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xinxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology in Universities of Shandong, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Lianfu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Teng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology in Universities of Shandong, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
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Xie J, Lin D, Li J, Zhou T, Lin S, Lin Z. Effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide ameliorating cyclophosphamide-induced immune dysfunctions based on metabolomics analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1179749. [PMID: 37305093 PMCID: PMC10248424 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1179749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) is one of the most abundant constituents of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum), with a wide range of functional activities. The present study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of GLPP in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mice. The results showed that 100 mg/kg/day of GLPP administration significantly alleviated CTX-induced immune damage by improving immune organ indexes, earlap swelling rate, the index of carbon phagocytosis and clearance value, secretion of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2), and immunoglobulin A(IgA) in the mice. Furthermore, ultra-performance liquid chromatography with mass/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was conducted to identify the metabolites, followed by biomarker and pathway analysis. The results showed that GLPP treatment alleviated CTX-induced alterations in the fecal metabolome profile, including arachidonic acid (AA), leukotriene D4 (LTD4), indole-3-ethanol, and formyltetrahydrofolate (CF), by reversing citric acid, malic acid, cortisol, and oleic acid. These results support the concept that GLPP exhibits immunomodulatory activity via the folate cycle, methionine cycle, TCA cycle, fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, AA metabolism, and cAMP pathways. In conclusion, the results could be helpful to understand the use of GLPP to clarify the immunomodulatory mechanism and be used as immunostimulants to prevent CTX-induced side effects in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Hunan University of Humanities, Science, and Technology, Loudi, Hunan, China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tonghui Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shuqian Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhanxi Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Xian H, Li J, Zhang Y, Li D, Zhu Y, Li S, Tan Z, Lin Z, Li X, Pan Y. Antimetastatic Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Peptide on B16-F10-luc-G5 Melanoma Mice With Sleep Fragmentation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:650216. [PMID: 34305583 PMCID: PMC8296642 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.650216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) polysaccharide peptide (GL-pp) is a component of the globally acknowledged traditional Chinese medicine Ganoderma lucidum; Ganoderma lucidum is known for its sedative, hypnotic, immune regulatory, antitumor, and other pharmacological effects. In recent years, sleep disorders have been linked to many diseases and human body disorders, including cancer. Some experimental studies in mice found that sleep fragmentation could promote tumor development and progression. However, effects on GL-pp on tumor metastasis under circumstances of sleep disorders have rarely been studied. Thus, in this study, we used mice with sleep fragmentation (SF) bearing B16-F10-luc-G5 melanoma tumors to investigate the effect of SF on melanoma metastasis. Furthermore, we investigated the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of GL-pp (80 mg/kg) in mice suffering from SF and bearing B16-F10-luc-G5. Then, whole proteomics was used to analyze the differences in protein expression in the lung tissue between SF mice bearing B16-F10-luc-G5 with and without GL-pp administration. High-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA was also used to analyze the impact of GL-pp on the gut microbiota composition in SF mice bearing B16-F10-luc-G5. Last, the effects of GL-pp on macrophage polarization and TNF-α serum levels were detected. Collectively, we found that SF significantly facilitated the B16-F10-luc-G5 melanoma tumor metastasis in mice, while GL-pp significantly reduced B16-F10-luc-G5 melanoma tumor metastasis under the condition of SF, in which proteomics and gut microbiota had been changed greatly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Xian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ditian Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhelun Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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