1
|
Zhang X, Ferree PM. PSRs: Selfish chromosomes that manipulate reproductive development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 159-160:66-73. [PMID: 38394822 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
B chromosomes are intriguing "selfish" genetic elements, many of which exhibit higher-than-Mendelian transmission. This perspective highlights a group of B chromosomes known as Paternal Sex Ratio chromosomes (PSRs), which are found in several insects with haplo-diploid reproduction. PSRs harshly alter the organism's reproduction to facilitate their own inheritance. A manifestation of this effect is the conversion of female destined individuals into males. Key to this conversion is the mysterious ability of PSRs to cause elimination of the sperm-inherited half of the genome during zygote formation. Here we discuss how PSRs were discovered, what is known about how they alter paternal chromatin dynamics to cause sex conversion, and how PSR-induced genome elimination is different from other forms of programmed genome elimination in different insects. PSRs also stand out because their DNA sequence compositions differ in remarkable ways from their insect's essential chromosomes, a characteristic suggestive of interspecies origins. Broadly, we also highlight poorly understood aspects of PSR dynamics that need to be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinmi Zhang
- W. M. Keck Science Department, Pitzer and Scripps Colleges, Claremont, CA 91711, USA
| | - Patrick M Ferree
- W. M. Keck Science Department, Pitzer and Scripps Colleges, Claremont, CA 91711, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lavanchy G, Brandt A, Bastardot M, Dumas Z, Labédan M, Massy M, Toubiana W, Tran Van P, Luchetti A, Scali V, Mantovani B, Schwander T. Evolution of alternative reproductive systems in Bacillus stick insects. Evolution 2024:qpae045. [PMID: 38501929 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Reproduction is a key feature of all organisms, yet the way in which it is achieved varies greatly across the tree of life. One striking example of this variation is the stick insect genus Bacillus, in which five different reproductive modes have been described: sex, facultative and obligate parthenogenesis, and two highly unusual reproductive modes: hybridogenesis and androgenesis. Under hybridogenesis, the entire genome from the paternal species is eliminated, and replaced each generation by mating with the corresponding species. Under androgenesis, an egg is fertilized but the developing diploid offspring bear two paternal genomes, and no maternal genome, as a consequence of unknown mechanisms. Here, we re-evaluate previous descriptions of Bacillus lineages and the proposed F1 hybrid ancestries of the hybridogenetic and obligately parthenogenetic lineages (based on allozymes and karyotypes) from Sicily, where all these reproductive modes are found. We generate a chromosome-level genome assembly for a facultative parthenogenetic species (B. rossius) and combine extensive field sampling with RADseq and mtDNA data. We identify and genetically corroborate all previously described species and confirm the ancestry of hybrid lineages. All hybrid lineages have fully retained their F1 hybrid constitution throughout the genome, indicating that the elimination of the paternal genome in hybridogens is always complete and that obligate parthenogenesis in Bacillus hybrid species is not associated with an erosion of heterozygosity as known in other hybrid asexuals. Our results provide a stepping stone towards understanding the transitions between reproductive modes and the proximate mechanisms of genome elimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Brandt
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc Bastardot
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zoé Dumas
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marjorie Labédan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Morgane Massy
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - William Toubiana
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Tran Van
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Luchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Scali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Mantovani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tanja Schwander
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH - 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jin C, Sun L, Trinh HK, Danny G. Heat stress promotes haploid formation during CENH3-mediated genome elimination in Arabidopsis. Plant Reprod 2023; 36:147-155. [PMID: 36692584 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-023-00457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Impaired activity of centromeric histone CENH3 causes inaccurate chromosome segregation and in crosses between the Arabidopsis recombinant CENH3 mutant GFP-tailswap and CENH3G83E with wild-type pollen it results in chromosome loss with the formation of haploids. This genome elimination in the zygote and embryo is not absolute as also aneuploid and diploid progeny is formed. Here, we report that a temporal and moderate heat stress during fertilization and early embryogenesis shifts the ratio in favour of haploid progeny in CENH3 mutant lines. Micronuclei formation, a proxy for genome elimination, was similar in control and heat-treated flowers, indicating that heat-induced seed abortion occurred at a late stage during the development of the seed. In the seeds derived from heat-treated crosses, the endosperm did not cellularize and many seeds aborted. Haploid seeds were formed, however, resulting in increased frequencies of haploids in CENH3-mediated genome elimination crosses performed under heat stress. Therefore, heat stress application is a selective force during genome elimination that promotes haploid formation and may be used to improve the development and efficacy of in vivo haploid induction systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlian Jin
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, HortiCell, Ghent University, Coupure Links, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Floricultural Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, Key Laboratory for Flower Breeding of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Limin Sun
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, HortiCell, Ghent University, Coupure Links, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hoang Khai Trinh
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, HortiCell, Ghent University, Coupure Links, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Biotechnology Research and Development Institute, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, 900000, Vietnam
| | - Geelen Danny
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, HortiCell, Ghent University, Coupure Links, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tan EH, Ordoñez B, Thondehaalmath T, Seymour DK, Maloof JN, Maruthachalam R, Comai L. Establishment and inheritance of minichromosomes from Arabidopsis haploid induction. Chromosoma 2023:10.1007/s00412-023-00788-5. [PMID: 36964786 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-023-00788-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Minichromosomes are small, sometimes circular, rearranged chromosomes consisting of one centromere and short chromosomal arms formed by treatments that break DNA, including plant transformation. Minichromosomes have the potential to serve as vectors to quickly move valuable genes across a wide range of germplasm, including into adapted crop varieties. To realize this potential, minichromosomes must be reliably generated, easily manipulated, and stably inherited. Here we show a reliable method for minichromosome formation in haploids resulting from CENH3-mediated genome elimination, a process that generates genome instability and karyotypic novelty specifically on one parental genome. First, we identified 2 out of 260 haploids, each containing a single-copy minichromosome originating from centromeric regions of chromosomes 1 and 3, respectively. The chromosome 1 minichromosome we characterized did not pair at meiosis but displayed consistent transmission over nine selfing generations. Next, we demonstrated that CENH3-based haploid induction can produce minichromosomes in a targeted manner. Haploid inducers carrying a selectable pericentromeric marker were used to isolate additional chromosome-specific minichromosomes, which occurred in 3 out of 163 haploids. Our findings document the formation of heritable, rearranged chromosomes, and we provide a method for convenient minichromosome production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ek Han Tan
- Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, DavisDavis, CA, 95616, USA
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Presque Isle, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Benny Ordoñez
- Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, DavisDavis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Tejas Thondehaalmath
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Danelle K Seymour
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Julin N Maloof
- Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, DavisDavis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ravi Maruthachalam
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Luca Comai
- Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, DavisDavis, CA, 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dedukh D, Litvinchuk S, Rosanov J, Shabanov D, Krasikova A. Mutual maintenance of di- and triploid Pelophylax esculentus hybrids in R-E systems: results from artificial crossings experiments. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:220. [PMID: 29041900 PMCID: PMC5645918 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-1063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interspecies animal hybrids can employ clonal or hemiclonal reproduction modes where one or all parental genomes are transmitted to the progeny without recombination. Nevertheless, some interspecies hybrids retain strong connection with the parental species needed for successful reproduction. Appearance of polyploid hybrid animals may play an important role in the substitution of parental species and in the speciation process. Results To establish the mechanisms that enable parental species, diploid and polyploid hybrids coexist we have performed artificial crossing experiments of water frogs of Pelophylax esculentus complex. We identified tadpole karyotypes and oocyte genome composition in all females involved in the crossings. The majority of diploid and triploid hybrid frogs produced oocytes with 13 bivalents leading to haploid gametes with the same genome as parental species hybrids usually coexist with. After fertilization of such gametes only diploid animals appeared. Oocytes with 26 bivalents produced by some diploid hybrid frogs lead to diploid gametes, which give rise to triploid hybrids after fertilization. In gonads of all diploid and triploid hybrid tadpoles we found DAPI-positive micronuclei (nucleus-like bodies) involved in selective genome elimination. Hybrid male and female individuals produced tadpoles with variable karyotype and ploidy even in one crossing owing to gametes with various genome composition. Conclusions We propose a model of diploid and triploid hybrid frog reproduction in R-E population systems. Triploid Pelophylax esculentus hybrids can transmit genome of parental species they coexist with by producing haploid gametes with the same genome composition. Triploid hybrids cannot produce triploid individuals after crossings with each other and depend on diploid hybrid females producing diploid eggs. In contrast to other population systems, the majority of diploid and triploid hybrid females unexpectedly produced gametes with the same genome as parental species hybrids coexist with. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-017-1063-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Dedukh
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Spartak Litvinchuk
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Juriy Rosanov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Alla Krasikova
- Saint-Petersburg State University, 7-9, Universitetskaya nab, 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Artificial production of haploids is one of the important sought-after goals of plant breeding and crop improvement programs. Conventionally, haploid plants are generated by in vitro (tissue) culture of haploid plant gametophytes, pollen (male), and embryo sac (female). Here, we describe a facile, nontissue culture-based in vivo method of haploid production through seeds in the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. This method involves simple crossing of any desired genotype of interest to a haploid-inducing strain (GFP-tailswap) to directly obtain haploid F1 seeds. The described protocol can be practiced by anyone with basic experience in growing A. thaliana plants and will be of interest to Arabidopsis research community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maruthachalam Ravi
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
| | - Ramesh Bondada
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|