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O'Keeffe M, Oterhals Å, Weishaupt H, Leh S, Ulvik A, Ueland PM, Halstensen A, Marti HP, Gudbrandsen OA. A diet containing cod backbone proteins attenuated the development of mesangial sclerosis and tubular dysfunction in male obese BTBR ob/ob mice. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:3227-3240. [PMID: 37550593 PMCID: PMC10611847 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The obese black and tan, brachyuric (BTBR) ob/ob mouse spontaneously develops features comparable to human diabetic nephropathy. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate if a diet containing fish proteins would attenuate or delay the development of glomerular hypertrophy (glomerulomegaly), mesangial sclerosis and albuminuria in obese BTBR ob/ob mice. METHODS Obese BTBR.CgLepob/WiscJ male mice were fed diets containing 25% of protein from Atlantic cod backbones and 75% of protein from casein (Cod-BB group), or casein as the sole protein source (control group). Kidneys were analysed morphologically, and markers for renal dysfunction were analysed biochemically in urine and serum. RESULTS The Cod-BB diet attenuated the development of mesangial sclerosis (P 0.040) without affecting the development of glomerular hypertrophy and albuminuria. The urine concentration of cystatin C (relative to creatinine) was lower in mice fed the Cod-BB diet (P 0.0044). CONCLUSION A diet containing cod backbone protein powder attenuated the development of mesangial sclerosis and tubular dysfunction in obese BTBR ob/ob mice, but did not prevent the development of glomerular hypertrophy and albuminuria in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria O'Keeffe
- Dietary Protein Research Group, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Hrafn Weishaupt
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sabine Leh
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Alfred Halstensen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hans-Peter Marti
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Oddrun Anita Gudbrandsen
- Dietary Protein Research Group, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway.
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Ren YL, Li Y, Gao J, Zhou XJ, Yang L, Wang SX. Pathological and clinical characteristics of late-onset oligomeganephronia based on a histomorphometric study. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:54. [PMID: 36922764 PMCID: PMC10018837 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late-onset oligomeganephronia (OMN) is a rare chronic kidney disease and has no quantitative criteria for diagnosis yet. The current study aimed to explore its clinicopathological features by histomorphometric analysis. METHODS We retrospectively re-reviewed all patients with enlarged and sparse glomeruli by light microscopy at Peking University First Hospital from 2012 to 2021, excluding those with any factor known to contribute to similar changes. Age- and sex-matched patients with thin basement membrane nephropathy were selected as control to establish the cut-off values for glomerulomegaly and rarity. Late-onset OMN cases were then confirmed and the clinicopathological characteristics were summarized. RESULTS Mean diameter and density of cortical glomeruli in control was 156.53 ± 27.50 μm and 4.07 ± 0.63 /mm2, giving a lower limit of 211.53 μm for glomerulomegaly and an upper of 2.81 /mm2 for rarity. Seven adults of three females and four males were finally diagnosed as late-onset OMN with a mean age of 26.57 years. They showed mild to moderate proteinuria and/or renal dysfunction at biopsy with the mean proteinuria, serum creatinine (Scr) level, and estimated glomerular filtration rate of 0.50 g/d (0.10-0.95 g/d), 140.9 µmol/L (95.1-227.1 µmol/L), and 58.7 mL/min/1.73m2 (21.3-98.0 mL/min/1.73m2), respectively. Four patients (57.1%) had normal Scr at diagnosis. Six patients with available data showed renal tubular injury with increased urinary microalbumin in all, elevated N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase in two, and elevated α1 microglobulin in five. Kidney size was normal or slightly reduced. The mean density and glomerular diameter of the seven cases was 0.86 mm2 (0.55-1.41 /mm2) and 229.73 μm (211.88-260.66 μm). Segmental glomerular sclerosis was observed in six (85.7%) with four (66.7%) of perihilar type. Proximal tubule dilation was observed in all, focal to diffuse, lining with enlarged epithelial cells. The mean foot process width was 634.02 nm, wider than 472.54 nm of the control (P = 0.0002). CONCLUSION Late-onset OMN should be considered a special entity with relatively slow clinical progress characterized by hypertrophy of the sparsely distributed nephron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Ren
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Pathological Center, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Ministry of Health of China, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Jie Zhou
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Ministry of Health of China, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Institute of Nephrology, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Ministry of Health of China, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Xia Wang
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Pathological Center, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8, Xishiku Street, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
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Lee JY, Ihm HS, Kim JS, Hwang HS, Jeong KH, Ihm CG. Baseline High Blood Pressure is Associated with Clinico-Pathologic Findings and Later Renal Progression in Chronic Glomerulonephritis. Electrolyte Blood Press 2019; 17:54-61. [PMID: 31969924 PMCID: PMC6962442 DOI: 10.5049/ebp.2019.17.2.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several factors had been suggested to contribute to the development of hypertension in chronic glomerulonephritis (GN). This study was conducted to find the association of baseline blood pressure (BP) with pathophysiologic findings and later renal progression in chronic GN. Methods Clinico-pathological findings including serum creatinine (Cr), proteinuria, pathological findings, and urinary Na excretion were analyzed in a total of 233 patients with IgA nephropathy from The Kyung-Hee Cohort of GN. Glomerular surface area (GSA) was measured by imaging analysis and urine angiotensinogen (AGT) concentrations by human ELISA kits. Results Systolic BP was ≥130mmHg in 124 patients (53%). Systolic BP was negatively correlated with follow-up eGFR (r=−0.32, p<0.0001) and positively serum uric acid concentrations, while it had no significant relationships with initial serum Cr and eGFR. As compared with patients with systolic BP<130 mmHg, those with ≥130 mmHg were older and showed higher serum Cr, proteinuria, 24 hr urinary Na excretion, mean GSA, and T-I fibrosis, lower follow-up eGFR, and steeper decline in slope of eGFR. The results in patients with normal serum Cr concentrations were comparable to those in whole group. Systolic BP was positively correlated with age, baseline and follow-up proteinuria, serum uric acid concentrations and IgM deposit and negatively with follow-up eGFR. In subgroup analysis, systolic BP was also positively correlated with mean GSA and urinary AGT concentrations. Conclusion This study showed that baseline systolic BP is related to urinary Na excretion, glomerulomegaly, T-I fibrosis and later renal progression in patients with IgA nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yung Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Kyung-Hee University Hospital, Kyung-Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Ihm
- Department of Nephrology, Kyung-Hee University Hospital, Kyung-Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Sug Kim
- Department of Nephrology, Kyung-Hee University Hospital, Kyung-Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Seok Hwang
- Department of Nephrology, Kyung-Hee University Hospital, Kyung-Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Jeong
- Department of Nephrology, Kyung-Hee University Hospital, Kyung-Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun-Gyoo Ihm
- Department of Nephrology, Kyung-Hee University Hospital, Kyung-Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Brennan S, Kandasamy Y. Ultrasound Imaging of the Renal Parenchyma of Premature Neonates for the Assessment of Renal Growth and Glomerulomegaly. Ultrasound Med Biol 2017; 43:2546-2549. [PMID: 28779956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence is increasingly showing that prematurity results in chronic kidney disease. We hypothesized that we could use ultrasound imaging to measure and monitor the growth of the renal parenchyma in premature neonates. We conducted a prospective, case-control study to compare renal parenchymal growth between neonates born prematurely and term neonates. The study patients underwent ultrasound assessment at 32 wk postmenstrual age (PMA) and 37 wk PMA. Term neonates (gestation >37 completed wk) admitted to the neonatal unit with minor neonatal conditions were recruited into the control group. Complete data sets were available in 91 premature neonates and during the same period, 56 term neonates were recruited as the control. The median birth weight (preterm babies) was 930 g (780-1220 g), and the mean gestational age was 27.0 wk (2.1 wk). Total renal volume (TRV) increased from 14.6 (4.3) cm3 to 20.5 (5.3) cm3 from 32 to 37 wk PMA. During the same period, the total renal parenchyma (TRP) thickness increased from 1.6 (0.3) cm to 1.8 (0.3) cm. At 37 wk PMA, ex-premature neonates have a significantly smaller total renal volume (20.5 [5.3] versus 25.9 [6.4] cm3; p < 0.001) and total renal parenchyma thickness (1.8 [0.3] versus 2.0 [0.2] cm; p = 0.015) compared with term (control) neonates. However, premature neonates at 37 wk PMA have a larger TRP:TRV ratio compared with term neonates (0.09 [0.02] versus 0.0 8 [0.02] cm-2; p < 0.001). Reduced nephron endowment as a result of prematurity may cause the remaining nephrons to undergo compensatory glomerulomegaly and we postulate this is the reason for the observed differences. Ultrasound imaging of the renal parenchyma shows promise in assessing the effects of prematurity on the developing kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Brennan
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, The James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Medical Imaging, The Townsville Hospital, Douglas, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yogavijayan Kandasamy
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, The James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Neonatology, The Townsville Hospital, Douglas, Queensland, Australia; Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, John Hunter Hospital, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
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