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Crooks ET, Osawa K, Tong T, Grimley SL, Dai YD, Whalen RG, Kulp DW, Menis S, Schief WR, Binley JM. Effects of partially dismantling the CD4 binding site glycan fence of HIV-1 Envelope glycoprotein trimers on neutralizing antibody induction. Virology 2017; 505:193-209. [PMID: 28279830 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Previously, VLPs bearing JR-FL strain HIV-1 Envelope trimers elicited potent neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) in 2/8 rabbits (PLoS Pathog 11(5): e1004932) by taking advantage of a naturally absent glycan at position 197 that borders the CD4 binding site (CD4bs). In new immunizations, we attempted to improve nAb responses by removing the N362 glycan that also lines the CD4bs. All 4 rabbits developed nAbs. One targeted the N197 glycan hole like our previous sera. Two sera depended on the N463 glycan, again suggesting CD4bs overlap. Heterologous boosts appeared to reduce nAb clashes with the N362 glycan. The fourth serum targeted a N362 glycan-sensitive epitope. VLP manufacture challenges prevented us from immunizing larger rabbit numbers to empower a robust statistical analysis. Nevertheless, trends suggest that targeted glycan removal may improve nAb induction by exposing new epitopes and that it may be possible to modify nAb specificity using rational heterologous boosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema T Crooks
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, 10865 Road to the Cure, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Keiko Osawa
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, 10865 Road to the Cure, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Tommy Tong
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, 10865 Road to the Cure, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Samantha L Grimley
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, 10865 Road to the Cure, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Yang D Dai
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Robert G Whalen
- Altravax, Inc., 725 San Aleso Avenue, Suite 2, Sunnyvale, CA 94085, USA
| | - Daniel W Kulp
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center at The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sergey Menis
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center at The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - William R Schief
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center at The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02129, USA
| | - James M Binley
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, 10865 Road to the Cure, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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