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Fiester A. The "Ladder of Inference" as a Conflict Management Tool: Working with the "Difficult" Patient or Family in Healthcare Ethics Consultations. HEC Forum 2024; 36:31-44. [PMID: 35435533 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-022-09476-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Conflict resolution is a core component of healthcare ethics consultation (HEC) and proficiency in this skill set is recognized by the national bioethics organization and its HEC certification process. Difficult interpersonal interactions between the clinical team and patients or their families are often inexorably connected to the normative disputes that are the catalyst for the consult. Ethics consultants are often required to navigate challenging dynamics that have become entrenched and work with patient-provider or family-provider relationships that have already broken down. The first step in conflict resolution is diagnosing the source of the conflict. Because so many interpersonal and normative conflicts rest on misunderstanding and mischaracterization, the diagnosis of the problem requires untangling the actual positions and perspectives of the conflicting parties from the fallacious assumptions made about the parties' respective positions and views. Developed in management science, the Ladder of Inference (LOI) is a diagnostic tool for assisting stakeholders in re-examining the process they used to form beliefs about others involved in the conflict. The LOI is a device that detects errors in reasoning, including implicit racial bias, that lead to false judgments and counterproductive responses to those judgments. The LOI is an instrument that can be used by ethics consultants to help resolve contentious bedside conflicts, but the LOI can also be employed as a teaching tool used by healthcare ethics consultants in training the clinical staff in how to avoid such conflicts in the first place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Autumn Fiester
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 423 Guardian Dr., Blockley Hall Floor 14, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Herrstedt J, Celio L, Hesketh PJ, Zhang L, Navari R, Chan A, Saito M, Chow R, Aapro M. 2023 updated MASCC/ESMO consensus recommendations: prevention of nausea and vomiting following high-emetic-risk antineoplastic agents. Support Care Cancer 2023; 32:47. [PMID: 38127246 PMCID: PMC10739516 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review updates the MASCC/ESMO recommendations for high-emetic-risk chemotherapy (HEC) published in 2016-2017. HEC still includes cisplatin, carmustine, dacarbazine, mechlorethamine, streptozocin, and cyclophosphamide in doses of > 1500 mg/m2 and the combination of cyclophosphamide and an anthracycline (AC) in women with breast cancer. METHODS A systematic review report following the PRISMA guidelines of the literature from January 1, 2015, until February 1, 2023, was performed. PubMed (Ovid), Scopus (Google), and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched. The literature search was limited to randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. RESULTS Forty-six new references were determined to be relevant. The main topics identified were (1) steroid-sparing regimens, (2) olanzapine-containing regimens, and (3) other issues such as comparisons of antiemetics of the same drug class, intravenous NK1 receptor antagonists, and potentially new antiemetics. Five updated recommendations are presented. CONCLUSION There is no need to prescribe steroids (dexamethasone) beyond day 1 after AC HEC, whereas a 4-day regimen is recommended in non-AC HEC. Olanzapine is now recommended as a fixed part of a four-drug prophylactic antiemetic regimen in both non-AC and AC HEC. No major differences between 5-HT3 receptor antagonists or between NK1 receptor antagonists were identified. No new antiemetic agents qualified for inclusion in the updated recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn Herrstedt
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - P J Hesketh
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - R Navari
- World Health Organization, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - A Chan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - M Saito
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Chow
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Aapro
- Genolier Cancer Center, Genolier, Switzerland
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Gao A, Guan S, Sun Y, Wang L, Meng F, Liu X, Gu L, Li G, Zhong D, Zhang L. Prolonged usage of fosaprepitant for prevention of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV) in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:609. [PMID: 37393241 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) can be well controlled in the acute phase, the incidence of delayed CINV remains high. In this study, we intend to investigate whether prolonged use of NK-1 receptor antagonist (RA) in addition to 5-HT3 RA and dexamethasone (DEX) was more effective in preventing delayed CINV. METHODS This randomised, open-label, controlled study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of fosaprepitant 150 mg given on days 1,3 (prolonged group) versus on day 1 (regular group) in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). All patients also treated with palonosetron on day 1 and DEX on days 1-3. The primary endpoint was the incidence of delayed nausea and vomiting. The second endpoint was AEs. All the above endpoints were defined according to CTCAE 5.0. RESULTS Seventy-seven patients were randomly assigned to prolonged group and seventy-nine to regular group. Prolonged group demonstrated superiority in controlling delayed CINV to regular group, with statistically significant lower incidence of nausea (6.17% vs 12.66%, P = 0.0056), and slightly lower incidence of grade 1 vomiting (1.62% vs 3.80%, P = 0.0953) in the delayed phase. In addition, prolonged use of fosaprepitant was safe. No significant difference was found between the two groups regarding constipation, diarrhea, hiccough, fatigue, palpitation and headache in delayed phase. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged use of fosaprepitant can effectively and safely prevent delayed CINV in patients receiving HEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Shasha Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yinjuan Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Fanlu Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Liyan Gu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Diansheng Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154, Anshan Dao, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Barnes M, Calcanes G, Mosier MC, Vacirca J, Malik Z. Granisetron Extended-Release Subcutaneous Injection versus Palonosetron Infusion for CINV Prevention: Cost Comparison of Unscheduled Hydration. Am Health Drug Benefits 2021; 14:133-139. [PMID: 35261717 PMCID: PMC8844637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granisetron extended-release subcutaneous (SC) injection is a novel formulation of granisetron for the prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Palonosetron is administered intravenously and is indicated for CINV prevention in acute and delayed phases after the use of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) and in the acute phase after highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). No data are available regarding the impact of SC granisetron on the cost of unscheduled hydration compared with other antiemetic drugs, specifically the older-generation palonosetron. OBJECTIVE To compare the costs of unscheduled hydration associated with breakthrough CINV after SC granisetron versus palonosetron administration in patients receiving MEC or HEC. METHODS This retrospective analysis was based on electronic medical records data from a single multicenter, community-based practice involving patients receiving MEC or HEC with a 3-drug antiemetic regimen, including a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, dexamethasone, and either SC granisetron or palonosetron. A cost-of-care analysis for SC granisetron and palonosetron was based on the maximum per-unit Medicare reimbursement amounts for the use of unscheduled hydration, administration of rescue antiemetic drugs, laboratory tests, and patient office evaluations. RESULTS A total of 182 patient records were evaluated, 91 for patients receiving SC granisetron and 91 receiving palonosetron. The mean per-patient cost of care related to unscheduled hydration in patients receiving HEC or MEC was significantly lower with SC granisetron ($296) than palonosetron ($837; P <.0001), including subset analysis of patients requiring additional care (SC granisetron [$691], N = 39; palonosetron [$1058], N = 72; P = .0260). The mean hydration costs per patient receiving HEC or MEC were lower with SC granisetron ($62) than with palonosetron ($253; P <.0001). The hydration costs per patient receiving only HEC were lower with SC granisetron ($66) than palonosetron ($280; P <.0001). The per-patient costs were lower when SC granisetron was administered than when palonosetron was administered as part of the antiemetic regimen, except for the cost of rescue antiemetic drug in patients receiving MEC. Fewer median unscheduled hydration therapies per patient were used with SC granisetron versus palonosetron (HEC, 3 vs 5; MEC, 2 vs 3). CONCLUSION The use of SC granisetron reduced the total per-patient costs of care associated with unscheduled hydration compared with palonosetron in patients receiving HEC or MEC for breakthrough CINV events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Barnes
- Internal Medicine Resident, PGY3, John T. Mather Memorial Hospital, Port Jefferson, NY
| | - George Calcanes
- Chief Clinical Officer, New York Cancer & Blood Specialists, Port Jefferson Station, NY
| | - Michael C Mosier
- Director of Biostatistics, EMB Statistical Solutions, Overland Park, KS
| | - Jeffrey Vacirca
- Chief Executive Officer, New York Cancer & Blood Specialists
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Barnes M, Calcanes G, Mosier MC, Vacirca J, Malik Z. Granisetron Extended-Release Subcutaneous Injection versus Palonosetron Infusion for CINV Prevention: Cost Comparison of Unscheduled Hydration. Am Health Drug Benefits 2021; 14:1-7. [PMID: 35261710 PMCID: PMC8845525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granisetron extended-release subcutaneous (SC) injection is a novel formulation of granisetron for the prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Palonosetron is administered intravenously and is indicated for CINV prevention in acute and delayed phases after the use of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) and in the acute phase after highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). No data are available regarding the impact of SC granisetron on the cost of unscheduled hydration compared with other antiemetic drugs, specifically the older-generation palonosetron. OBJECTIVE To compare the costs of unscheduled hydration associated with breakthrough CINV after SC granisetron versus palonosetron administration in patients receiving MEC or HEC. METHODS This retrospective analysis was based on electronic medical records data from a single multicenter, community-based practice involving patients receiving MEC or HEC with a 3-drug antiemetic regimen, including a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, dexamethasone, and either SC granisetron or palonosetron. A cost-of-care analysis for SC granisetron and palonosetron was based on the maximum per-unit Medicare reimbursement amounts for the use of unscheduled hydration, administration of rescue antiemetic drugs, laboratory tests, and patient office evaluations. RESULTS A total of 182 patient records were evaluated, 91 for patients receiving SC granisetron and 91 receiving palonosetron. The mean per-patient cost of care related to unscheduled hydration in patients receiving HEC or MEC was significantly lower with SC granisetron ($296) than palonosetron ($837; P <.0001), including subset analysis of patients requiring additional care (SC granisetron [$691], N = 39; palonosetron [$1058], N = 72; P = .0260). The mean hydration costs per patient receiving HEC or MEC were lower with SC granisetron ($62) than with palonosetron ($253; P <.0001). The hydration costs per patient receiving only HEC were lower with SC granisetron ($66) than palonosetron ($280; P <.0001). The per-patient costs were lower when SC granisetron was administered than when palonosetron was administered as part of the antiemetic regimen, except for the cost of rescue antiemetic drug in patients receiving MEC. Fewer median unscheduled hydration therapies per patient were used with SC granisetron versus palonosetron (HEC, 3 vs 5; MEC, 2 vs 3). CONCLUSION The use of SC granisetron reduced the total per-patient costs of care associated with unscheduled hydration compared with palonosetron in patients receiving HEC or MEC for breakthrough CINV events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Barnes
- Internal Medicine Resident, PGY3, John T. Mather Memorial Hospital, Port Jefferson, NY
| | - George Calcanes
- Chief Clinical Officer, New York Cancer & Blood Specialists, Port Jefferson Station, NY
| | - Michael C Mosier
- Director of Biostatistics, EMB Statistical Solutions, Overland Park, KS
| | - Jeffrey Vacirca
- Chief Executive Officer, New York Cancer & Blood Specialists
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Vaswani B, Dattatreya PS, Bhagat S, Patil S, Barkate H. The effectiveness of NEPA in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea vomiting among chemo naive patients in an Indian setting. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:601. [PMID: 34034703 PMCID: PMC8145828 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy induced nausea- vomiting (CINV) is considered as the most common, feared and most troublesome side effect of chemotherapy. NEPA (NEtupitant 300 mg + PAlonosetron 0.50 mg) is the first commercially available oral fixed-dose combination (FDC) of two active antiemetic agents in India. The present study was planned to evaluate the effectiveness of NEPA in the real world setting of India. Methods This was a multicentric retrospective study conducted in two centers in India. The data of all chemonaive patients, who were prescribed NEPA was analyzed. Effectiveness i.e. complete response and complete protection in controlling overall, acute and delayed phase was analyzed. Results A total of 329 patients were enrolled in the study. 260 received highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) regimen and 69 received moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) regimen. Among all the enrolled patients, complete response in acute, delayed and overall phase was 93, 85.71 and 85.41% respectively; and completed protection was 88.44, 81.76 and 80.54% respectively. Those who received HEC regimen, the completed response and complete protection in overall phase was 84.61 and 79.61% respectively and those who received MEC regimen the completed response and complete control in overall phase was 84.05 and 84.05% respectively. Conclusion A single oral dose of NEPA targeting dual pathways showed effective control of nausea-vomiting in patients on the HEC and MEC regimens and had good control over nausea-vomiting in acute, delayed and overall phase of nausea-vomiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Vaswani
- Consultant Oncologist and Hematologist, Yashoda Cancer Institute, Secunderabad, India
| | | | - Sagar Bhagat
- Medical Services, IF, Glenmark Pharmaceutical limited, B D Sawant Road, Andheri [East], Mumbai, 400099, India.
| | - Saiprasad Patil
- Medical Services, IF, Glenmark Pharmaceutical limited, B D Sawant Road, Andheri [East], Mumbai, 400099, India
| | - Hanmant Barkate
- Medical Services, IF, Glenmark Pharmaceutical limited, B D Sawant Road, Andheri [East], Mumbai, 400099, India
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A Mahrous M, A El-Azab G, A Tawfik H. Evaluation of clinical outcomes and efficacy of palonosetron and granisetron in combination with dexamethasone in Egyptian patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:121-129. [PMID: 33835230 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is considered one of the most serious adverse events affecting chemotherapy-receiving cancer patients. It dramatically affects their food intake, nutritional status and more importantly their quality of life. We can observe CINV in highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) such as adriamycin-cyclophosphamide combination (AC) in breast cancer patients and cisplatin-based regimens in other cancer types. This study aimed to evaluate the antiemetic efficacy of palonosetron (PALO) over granisetron (GRA) in combination with dexamethasone for multiple highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs (HEC), especially in chemotherapy regimens in Egyptian breast cancer patients and cisplatin-based regimens in other diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS An open-label randomized trial was carried out, including 115 patients receiving at least four cycles of highly emetogenic chemotherapy regimens. All patients received dexamethasone in combination with the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. We recorded patients' clinical and biochemical characteristics and withdraw blood samples to monitor serum substance P and serotonin in correlation with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). We use the MASCC antiemetic tool in the acute phase (0-24 hr) and delayed phase (24-120 h) to evaluate patient outcomes in both stages after each chemotherapy cycle. RESULTS In (PALO) group, only 7.84% of patients showed acute vomiting, and 11.76% showed acute nausea, whereas 43.75% of patients showed acute vomiting and 89.06% showed acute nausea in (GRA) group (P < 0.0001). For delayed CINV, 23.53% of patients showed delayed vomiting, and 47.06% showed delayed nausea in the (PALO) group, while 82.81% of patients showed delayed emesis, and 92.19% showed delayed nausea in (GRA) group (P < 0.0001). The study showed that PALO is a cost-effective choice when compared to GRA in CINV prevention as 45.10% of patients in (PALO) required additional rescue medications (Domperidone 10 mg orally three times per day plus Trimebutine 200 mg orally three times per week both for 5 days), while 95.24% in the (GRA) group used the same medications. Adverse events of both antiemetic drugs (PALO and GRA) include headaches and constipation and QTc prolongation reports, mostly mild to moderate, with relatively low rates among the two groups. CONCLUSION Palonosetron, combined with dexamethasone, is more effective than granisetron and dexamethasone combination against both acute and delayed emesis induced by highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) cisplatin-based protocols and the combination of cyclophosphamide and anthracyclines (AC). Medical team members should make more efforts, especially clinical pharmacy personnel, to monitor medications' effectiveness and help the medical team achieve a suitable and reliable care plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Mahrous
- Oncology Pharmacy Department, Tanta Cancer Center, Tanta, Egypt.
- Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Unit, Egypt Air Hospital, 11 Abu Bakr Elsedik Street, Almaza, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Gamal A El-Azab
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Tawfik
- Medical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Navari RM, Ruddy KJ, LeBlanc TW, Nipp R, Clark-Snow R, Schwartzberg L, Binder G, Bailey WL, Potluri R, Schmerold LM, Papademetriou E, Roeland EJ. Avoidable Acute Care Use Associated with Nausea and Vomiting Among Patients Receiving Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy or Oxaliplatin. Oncologist 2020; 26:325-331. [PMID: 33289268 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) contributes to avoidable acute care, a metric now tracked in Medicare's oncology outcome measure. CINV is preventable, yet guidelines are often not followed. We sought to quantify acute care involving CINV and other avoidable toxicities after highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) to identify excess risk and assess clinician adherence to antiemesis guidelines for HEC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated U.S. electronic health records (2012-2018) using Medicare's OP-35 outcome measure to identify avoidable acute care involving any of 10 toxicities, including CINV, after HEC regimens relative to non-HEC. Antiemetic guideline adherence was defined as use ofneurokinin-1 (NKl) receptor antagonists Q5 (RAs) plus 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 RA+ dexamethasone at HEC initiation. RESULTS Among 17,609 patients receiving HEC, acute care rates associated with HEC chemotherapy included 32% cisplatin, 31% carboplatin, and 21% anthracycline/cyclosphospharnide (AC), with 76% meeting the criteria as avoidable events. Oxaliplatin rates were 29%. Avoidable acute care occurred 1.83 times (95% confidence interval, 1.76-1.91, p < .0001) as often after HEC versus non-HEC excluding oxaliplatin; CINV-related acute care occurred 2.29 times as often. Nonadherence to antiemesis guidelines occurred in 34% and 24% of cisplatin and AC courses, respectively, because of omission of a NKl RA. CONCLUSIONS Patients treated with HEC regimens experienced high avoidable acute care use, 1.8 times the risk seen for other chemotherapy. Nonadherence to guideline-directed antiemetic prophylaxis highlights the need to ensure adherence to antiemetic guidelines, including the use of NKl RA in HEC. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE After survival, perhaps the most important goal in oncology is limiting avoidable acute care, a goal now used by Medicare to impact cancer reimbursement. This study found that patients treated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) regimens had high rates of avoidable acute care use, 1.8 times the risk seen for other chemotherapy. A substantial proportion of the avoidable acute care involved chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Results showed that incomplete adherence to national antiemetic guidelines for HEC regimens primarily driven by omission of upfront neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist use, suggesting that improved adherence can meaningfully resolve this gap in quality and cost of care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas W LeBlanc
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ryan Nipp
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Lee Schwartzberg
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center and West Cancer Center, Germantown, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gary Binder
- Helsinn Therapeutics (U.S.), Iselin, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Eric J Roeland
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Karthaus M, Voisin D, Rizzi G, Ciuleanu T. Phase 3 Study of Palonosetron IV Infusion Vs. IV Bolus for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting Prophylaxis After Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy. J Pain Symptom Manage 2020; 60:568-576. [PMID: 32276098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Palonosetron (PALO) is one of the two active components of NEPA, the fixed-combination antiemetic comprising netupitant (oral)/fosnetupitant (IV) and PALO. To increase the convenience of NEPA administration, especially for patients with swallowing difficulties, an IV NEPA formulation has been developed, where PALO is administered as a 30-minute infusion instead of the approved 30-second bolus. OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy and safety of the PALO component used in IV NEPA. METHODS Noninferiority, double-blind, and randomized Phase 3 trial in chemotherapy-naive adult patients with cancer requiring highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Patients were randomized to receive a single dose of PALO 0.25 mg administered IV either as a 30-minute infusion or as a 30-second bolus before highly emetogenic chemotherapy. The primary objective was to demonstrate noninferiority of the 30-minute infusion vs. 30-second bolus in terms of complete response (CR; no emesis and no rescue medication) in the acute phase. Secondary efficacy endpoints were CR in the delayed and overall phases and no emesis and no rescue medication in all phases. Safety was a secondary endpoint. RESULTS Overall, 440 patients received study treatment. In the infusion group, 186 (82.7%) patients reported CR in the acute phase vs. 186 (86.5%) patients in the bolus group, demonstrating the noninferiority of PALO infusion vs. bolus (P < 0.001). Secondary endpoints showed similar results between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSION PALO 0.25-mg 30-minute IV infusion was noninferior to 30-second IV bolus in terms of CR rate in the acute phase. These results support the use of PALO 0.25 mg as a component of IV NEPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinolf Karthaus
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Klinikum Neuperlach/Klinikum Harlaching, Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Giada Rizzi
- Helsinn Healthcare SA, Lugano, Switzerland; Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA, Parma, Italy
| | - Tudor Ciuleanu
- Institute of Oncology Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţã and UMF Iuliu Haţieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Ye XD, Qiu BQ, Xiong D, Pei X, Jie N, Xu H, Zhu SQ, Long X, Xu Z, Wu HB, Xu JJ, Huang YS, Wu YB. High level of H3K4 tri-methylation modification predicts poor prognosis in esophageal cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:3256-3263. [PMID: 32231731 PMCID: PMC7097960 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: An increase in the trimethylation of lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3K4me3) has been reported to be involved in the development of several types of tumors. However, the level and role of H3K4me3 in human esophageal cancer (HEC) remain unknown. Here, we assessed the role and clinical significance of H3K4me3 in HEC. Methods: The level of H3K4me3 was determined in 15 pairs of HEC and paracancerous tissues by Western blotting. A tissue microarray including samples from 100 HEC patients was analyzed by immunohistochemistry to determine the relationship between the level of H3K4me3 and the clinicopathological features of HEC patients. Then, the levels of H3K4me3 in HEC cells were elevated via knockdown of inhibitor of growth family member 4(Ing4) expression. Finally, the prognostic significance of H3K4me3 levels in HEC patients was further analyzed. Results: We found that H3K4me3 levels were frequently elevated in HEC tissues compared with adjacent esophageal tissues, and elevated H3K4me3 was significantly associated with poor tumor differentiation (p =1.39×10-5) and advanced tumor stage (p=8.5×10-5). After Ing4 knockdown in HEC cells, we found that the cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion and colony formation abilities were enhanced compared to those in the control cells. Notably, we found that HEC patients with a high level of H3K4me3 exhibited an unfavorable 5-year survival rate compared to those with a low level of H3K4me3 (p=6.8×10-5). The univariate analysis showed that the tumor differentiation, TNM stage, and H3K4me3 level were predictors of the overall survival rate of HEC patients. In the multivariate analysis, tumor stage (p=0.015) and H3K4me3 level (p=0.034) were revealed to be independent parameters for predicting the prognosis of HEC patients. Conclusions: Thus, high levels of H3K4me3 may be used as a meaningful biomarker for HEC prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Bai-Quan Qiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Dian Xiong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Central Hospital of Xuhui District, Shanghai, 20031, P. R. China
| | - Xu Pei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Na Jie
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, P.R. China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Long
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - You-Sheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Bing Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
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11
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Wang X, Yu K, An R, Han L, Zhang Y, Shi L, Ran R. Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid stabilized pickering emulsions and template polymerization for biomedical hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 207:694-703. [PMID: 30600055 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide(GO), as an amphiphilic and biocompatible material, is often used to prepare Pickering emulsion. However, the preparation of stable Pickering emulsion by a low concentration of GO is very challenging. In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. A stable, low cost, and biocompatible Pickering emulsion was fabricated by a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC. The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. What's more, we prepared the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel by the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release. The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. Furthermore, our strategy is extremely versatile, as Pickering particles, polymer and the monomer of hydrogel can all be varied.
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12
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Kono T, Ueda T, Takumida M, Furuie H, Hamamoto T, Takeno S, Hirakawa K. Low-dose dexamethasone with fosaprepitant and palonosetron to prevent cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting in head and neck cancer patients. Acta Otolaryngol 2018; 138:921-925. [PMID: 30016902 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2018.1482423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if a lower dose of dexamethasone can be used in combination with fosaprepitant and palonosetron for cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting in head and neck cancer patients, we conducted a single-center, two-arm, cross-over comparison study. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to either standard dose dexamethasone group: intravenous 9.9 mg on day 1 and 6.6 mg on days 2-4 or low-dose dexamethasone group: intravenous 3.3 mg on days 1-4 for the first course and crossed over to the other treatment for the second course. The primary endpoint was complete response (CR) in the overall period. RESULTS Twenty-five patients were screened for the study and 22 were evaluable. Eleven patients were randomly assigned to the standard dose dexamethasone group and 12 patients to the low-dose dexamethasone group. The CR rate in the overall period was 86% in the standard dose group and 73% in the low-dose group, showing no significant difference (p = .61). CONCLUSION The efficacy of low-dose dexamethasone with fosaprepitant and palonosetron was not inferior to that of the standard dose dexamethasone in the highly emetogenic cisplatin-based treatment for head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kono
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ueda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masaya Takumida
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiromi Furuie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takao Hamamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sachio Takeno
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Hirakawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
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13
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Xiong D, Jin C, Ye X, Qiu B, Jianjun X, Zhu S, Xiang L, Wu H, Yongbing W. TRIM44 promotes human esophageal cancer progression via the AKT/mTOR pathway. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3080-3092. [PMID: 30098109 PMCID: PMC6172051 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of TRIM‐containing protein 44 (TRIM44) acts as a promoter in multiple cancers. Here, we investigated the biological functions and clinical significance of TRIM44 in human esophageal cancer (HEC). TRIM44 expression was significantly higher in HEC tissues than corresponding normal tissues at both the mRNA (2.42 ± 0.52 vs 0.99 ± 0.25) and protein (1.01 ± 0.27 vs 0.30 ± 0.13) levels. Patients with high TRIM44 expression showed poor differentiation (P = 1.39 × 10−5), advanced TNM stage (P = 3.87 × 10−4) and, most importantly, significantly poorer prognosis (P = 2.80 × 10−5). TRIM44 played a crucial role in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). A significant correlation was observed between TRIM44 and Ki67 expression. We demonstrated that TRIM44 markedly enhanced HEC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, TRIM44 was involved in the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and its downstream targets, such as STAT3 phosphorylation. Thus, elevated TRIM44 expression promotes HEC development by EMT via the AKT/mTOR pathway, and TRIM44 may be a novel prognostic indicator for HEC patients after curative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Xiong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Central Hospital of Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Central Hospital of Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Baiquan Qiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xu Jianjun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shuqiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Long Xiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Haibo Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wu Yongbing
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, China
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Pinto AM, Moreira JA, Magalhães FD, Gonçalves IC. Polymer surface adsorption as a strategy to improve the biocompatibility of graphene nanoplatelets. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 146:818-24. [PMID: 27451370 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The biointeractions of graphene-based materials depend on their physico-chemical properties. These properties can be manipulated by polymer adsorption. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP-C) were modified with PVA, HEC, PEG, PVP, chondroitin, glucosamine, and hyaluronic acid. These materials were characterized by SEM, DLS, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and TGA. Surface adsorption was confirmed for all polymers. Biocompatibility evaluation showed that all of these materials induced low haemolysis (<1.7%) at concentrations up to 500μgmL(-1). GNP-C-PVA and GNP-C-HEC presented the lowest haemolysis percentages and were therefore more thoroughly studied. The morphology of HFF-1 cells was investigated by microscopy (optical, fluorescence, TEM) in order to evaluate interactions with GNP materials. Small GNP-C nanoplatelets were observed to enter cells independently of the surface treatment. For pristine GNP-C at a concentration of 50μgmL(-1), ROS production increased 4.4-fold. This effect is lower for GNP-C-PVA (3.3-fold) and higher for GNP-C-HEC (5.1-fold). Resazurin assays showed that GNP-C caused toxicity in HFF-1 cells at concentrations above 20μgmL(-1) at 24h, which decreased at 48 and 72h. PVA surface adsorption rendered GNP-C non-toxic at concentrations up to 50μgmL(-1). LIVE/DEAD assays showed that at 20 and 50μgmL(-1) cell death is significantly lower for GNP-C-PVA compared to pristine GNP-C. Modification of nanoplatelets with HEC resulted in no benefit in terms of biocompatibility, whereas PVA considerably improved the biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur M Pinto
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; INEB - National Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 50-180 Porto, Portugal; i3S - Institute for Innovation and Health Research, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - J Agostinho Moreira
- IFIMUP and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernão D Magalhães
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Inês C Gonçalves
- INEB - National Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 50-180 Porto, Portugal; i3S - Institute for Innovation and Health Research, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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15
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Mahmoud KH. Optical properties of hydroxyethyl cellulose film treated with nitrogen plasma. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2016; 157:153-157. [PMID: 26766604 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) film has been prepared by casting technique. The prepared sample has been treated with nitrogen plasma at different exposure times. The optical absorption was recorded at room temperature in the wavelength range of 200-800 nm. Absorbance fitting procedure curves revealed a direct allowed transition with optical band gap, Eopt, of 4.9 eV for pristine film, and this value decreases to 4.30 eV for 20 min plasma treatment time. The band tail values (Ee) were found to be increased under plasma time treatment from 1.74 eV in case of the pristine film to 2.20 eV for 20 min. The dispersion of refractive index and complex dielectric constants under plasma treatment was also studied. Variation of color parameters under effect of the plasma treatment is analyzed in the framework of CIE L*U*V* color space.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Mahmoud
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia; Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Gangaplara A, Massilamany C, Steffen D, Reddy J. Mimicry epitope from Ehrlichia canis for interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein 201-216 prevents autoimmune uveoretinitis by acting as altered peptide ligand. J Neuroimmunol 2013; 263:98-107. [PMID: 24029580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We report here identification of novel mimicry epitopes for interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) 201-216, a candidate ocular antigen that causes experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in A/J mice. One mimicry epitope from Ehrlichia canis (EHC), designated EHC 44-59, induced cross-reactive T cells for IRBP 201-216 capable of producing T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cytokines, but failed to induce EAU in A/J mice. In addition, animals first primed with suboptimal doses of IRBP 201-216 and subsequently immunized with EHC 44-59 did not develop EAU; rather, the mimicry epitope prevented the disease induced by IRBP 201-216. However, alteration in the composition of EHC 44-59 by substituting alanine with valine at position 49, similar to the composition of IRBP 201-216, enabled the mimicry epitope to acquire uveitogenicity. The data provide new insights as to how microbes containing mimicry sequences for retinal antigens can prevent ocular inflammation by acting as naturally occurring altered peptide ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunakumar Gangaplara
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States
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