1
|
Hameed R, Naseer A, Saxena A, Akbar M, Toppo P, Sarkar A, Shukla SK, Nazir A. Functional implications of NHR-210 enrichment in C. elegans cephalic sheath glia: insights into metabolic and mitochondrial disruptions in Parkinson's disease models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:202. [PMID: 38691171 PMCID: PMC11063106 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Glial cells constitute nearly half of the mammalian nervous system's cellular composition. The glia in C. elegans perform majority of tasks comparable to those conducted by their mammalian equivalents. The cephalic sheath (CEPsh) glia, which are known to be the counterparts of mammalian astrocytes, are enriched with two nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs)-NHR-210 and NHR-231. This unique enrichment makes the CEPsh glia and these NHRs intriguing subjects of study concerning neuronal health. We endeavored to assess the role of these NHRs in neurodegenerative diseases and related functional processes, using transgenic C. elegans expressing human alpha-synuclein. We employed RNAi-mediated silencing, followed by behavioural, functional, and metabolic profiling in relation to suppression of NHR-210 and 231. Our findings revealed that depleting nhr-210 changes dopamine-associated behaviour and mitochondrial function in human alpha synuclein-expressing strains NL5901 and UA44, through a putative target, pgp-9, a transmembrane transporter. Considering the alteration in mitochondrial function and the involvement of a transmembrane transporter, we performed metabolomics study via HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy. Remarkably, substantial modifications in ATP, betaine, lactate, and glycine levels were seen upon the absence of nhr-210. We also detected considerable changes in metabolic pathways such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis metabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; as well as glyoxalate and dicarboxylate metabolism. In conclusion, the deficiency of the nuclear hormone receptor nhr-210 in alpha-synuclein expressing strain of C. elegans, results in altered mitochondrial function, coupled with alterations in vital metabolite levels. These findings underline the functional and physiological importance of nhr-210 enrichment in CEPsh glia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohil Hameed
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anam Naseer
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ankit Saxena
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mahmood Akbar
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pranoy Toppo
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Arunabh Sarkar
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Sanjeev K Shukla
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Artyszuk D, Jachymek W, Izdebski R, Gniadkowski M, Lukasiewicz J. The OL101 O antigen locus specifies a novel Klebsiella pneumoniae serotype O13 structure. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 326:121581. [PMID: 38142087 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the priority objects for the development of new therapies against infections. The species has been perceived as of limited variety of O antigens (11 O serotypes identified to date). That trait makes lipopolysaccharide an attractive target for protective antibodies. Nowadays, K. pneumoniae O antigens encoding genes are often analysed by bioinformatic tools, such as Kaptive, indicating higher actual diversity of the O antigen loci. One of the novel K. pneumoniae O loci for which the antigen structure has not been elucidated so far is OL101. In this study, four clinical isolates predicted as OL101 were characterized and found to have the O antigen structure composed of β-Kdop-[→3)-α-l-Rhap-(1→4)-α-d-Glcp-(1→]n, representing a novel serotype O13. Identification of the β-Kdop terminus was based on the analysis of the complete LPS molecule by the HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy. The bioinformatic analysis of 71,377 K. pneumoniae genomes from public databases (July 2023) revealed a notable OL101 prevalence of 6.55 %.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria Artyszuk
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Microbial Immunochemistry and Vaccines, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Jachymek
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Microbial Immunochemistry and Vaccines, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Radosław Izdebski
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Gniadkowski
- National Medicines Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Lukasiewicz
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Microbial Immunochemistry and Vaccines, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Fátima C Santos M, Rech KS, Dutra LM, Menezes LRA, da C Santos AD, Nagata N, Stefanello MÉA, Barison A. 1H HR-MAS NMR chemical profile and chemometric analysis as a tool for quality control of different cultivars of green tea (Camellia sinensis). Food Chem 2023; 408:135016. [PMID: 36525726 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Green tea is a product obtained from the processing of fresh leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze species. In this study, the influence of climatic parameters on the chemical composition of green tea cultivars ('Yabukita' and 'Yutakamidori') over the harvest was evaluated using HR-MAS NMR. 'Yabukita' showed higher concentrations of epicatechin while higher amounts of theanine and caffeine were found in 'Yutakamidori'. The decline of theanine was associated with high average maximum temperature and solar radiation index, this latter also seemed to be responsible for relevant changes in epicatechin concentrations. It was not possible to associate any trend between climatic parameters and caffeine concentration. Fluctuations in linolenic acid concentration were monitored during the harvest period and were associated with the plant's defense mechanism. Monitoring of green tea over seasons and correlating the fluctuations of compounds to climatic parameters might become an efficient strategy for establishing quality standards for green teas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Fátima C Santos
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-100 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Katlin S Rech
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-100 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lívia M Dutra
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-100 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Leociley R A Menezes
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-100 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Alan D da C Santos
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas, 69077-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Noemi Nagata
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-100 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Élida A Stefanello
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-100 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Andersson Barison
- NMR Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, 81530-100 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Caprara CDSC, Mathias TK, Santos MDFC, D’Oca MGM, D’Oca CDRM, Roselet F, Abreu PC, Ramos DF. Application of 1H HR-MAS NMR-Based Metabolite Fingerprinting of Marine Microalgae. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020202. [PMID: 36837821 PMCID: PMC9965007 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products from the marine environment as well as microalgae, have been known for the complexity of the metabolites they produce due to their adaptability to different environmental conditions, which has been an inexhaustible source of several bioactive properties, such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, and antimicrobial. This study aims to characterize the main metabolites of three species of microalgae (Nannochloropsis oceanica, Chaetoceros muelleri, and Conticribra weissflogii), which have important applications in the biofuel and nutrition industries, by 1H High-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (1H HR-MAS NMR), a method which is non-destructive, is highly reproducible, and requires minimal sample preparation. Even though the three species were found in the same ecosystem and a superior production of lipid compounds was observed, important differences were identified in relation to the production of specialized metabolites. These distinct properties favor the use of these compounds as leaders in the development of new bioactive compounds, especially against environmental, human, and animal pathogens (One Health), and demonstrate their potential in the development of alternatives for aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatiane Ksyvickas Mathias
- NMR Laboratory, NMR Center, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima C. Santos
- NMR Laboratory, NMR Center, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo G. M. D’Oca
- NMR Laboratory, NMR Center, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Caroline Da R. M. D’Oca
- NMR Laboratory, NMR Center, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabio Roselet
- Laboratório de Produção de Microalgas (LPM), Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96210-030, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Abreu
- Laboratório de Produção de Microalgas (LPM), Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96210-030, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Fernandes Ramos
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Novos Fármacos (LADEFA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-400, RS, Brazil
- Núcleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos Fármacos—NUDEFA, Rua General Osório, s/n°, Campus Saúde, 2° andar, Rio Grande 96200-400, RS, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-53-3237-4634
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Krajewska K, Gołkowska AM, Nowak M, Kozakiewicz-Latała M, Pudło W, Żak A, Karolewicz B, Khimyak YZ, Nartowski KP. Molecular Level Characterisation of the Surface of Carbohydrate-Functionalised Mesoporous silica Nanoparticles (MSN) as a Potential Targeted Drug Delivery System via High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) NMR Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115906. [PMID: 35682585 PMCID: PMC9180545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Atomistic level characterisation of external surface species of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) poses a significant analytical challenge due to the inherently low content of grafted ligands. This study proposes the use of HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy for a molecular level characterisation of the external surface of carbohydrate-functionalised nanoparticles. MSN differing in size (32 nm, 106 nm, 220 nm) were synthesised using the sol-gel method. The synthesised materials displayed narrow particle size distribution (based on DLS and TEM results) and a hexagonal arrangement of the pores with a diameter of ca. 3 nm as investigated with PXRD and N2 physisorption. The surface of the obtained nanoparticles was functionalised with galactose and lactose using reductive amination as confirmed by FTIR and NMR techniques. The functionalisation of the particles surface did not alter the pore architecture, structure or morphology of the materials as confirmed with TEM imaging. HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy was used for the first time to investigate the structure of the functionalised MSN suspended in D2O. Furthermore, lactose was successfully attached to the silica without breaking the glycosidic bond. The results demonstrate that HR-MAS NMR can provide detailed structural information on the organic functionalities attached at the external surface of MSN within short experimental times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Krajewska
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Anna M. Gołkowska
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Maciej Nowak
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Marta Kozakiewicz-Latała
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Wojciech Pudło
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 7 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Żak
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology (WUST), Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Bożena Karolewicz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Yaroslav Z. Khimyak
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK;
| | - Karol P. Nartowski
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.G.); (M.N.); (M.K.-L.); (B.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-05-69
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Courant F, Maravat M, Chen W, Gosset D, Blot L, Hervouet-Coste N, Sarou-Kanian V, Morisset-Lopez S, Decoville M. Expression of the Human Serotonin 5-HT 7 Receptor Rescues Phenotype Profile and Restores Dysregulated Biomarkers in a Drosophila melanogaster Glioma Model. Cells 2022; 11:1281. [PMID: 35455961 PMCID: PMC9028361 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. Significant progress has been made in recent years in identifying the molecular alterations involved in gliomas. Among them, an amplification/overexpression of the EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) proto-oncogene and its associated signaling pathways have been widely described. However, current treatments remain ineffective for glioblastomas, the most severe forms. Thus, the identification of other pharmacological targets could open new therapeutic avenues. We used a glioma model in Drosophila melanogaster that results from the overexpression of constitutively active forms of EGFR and PI3K specifically in glial cells. We observed hyperproliferation of glial cells that leads to an increase in brain size and lethality at the third instar larval stage. After expression of the human serotonin 5-HT7 receptor in this glioma model, we observed a decrease in larval lethality associated with the presence of surviving adults and a return to a normal morphology of brain for some Drosophila. Those phenotypic changes are accompanied by the normalization of certain metabolic biomarkers measured by High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning NMR (HR-MAS NMR). The 5-HT7R expression in glioma also restores some epigenetic modifications and characteristic markers of the signaling pathways associated with tumor growth. This study demonstrates the role of the serotonin 5-HT7 receptor as a tumor suppressor gene which is in agreement with transcriptomic analysis obtained on human glioblastomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florestan Courant
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Marion Maravat
- Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux: Haute Température et Irradiation—CEMHTI-CNRS UPR 3079, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (M.M.); (V.S.-K.)
| | - Wanyin Chen
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - David Gosset
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Lauren Blot
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Nadège Hervouet-Coste
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Vincent Sarou-Kanian
- Conditions Extrêmes et Matériaux: Haute Température et Irradiation—CEMHTI-CNRS UPR 3079, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (M.M.); (V.S.-K.)
| | - Séverine Morisset-Lopez
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
| | - Martine Decoville
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire—CBM, UPR 4301, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 02, F-45071 Orléans, France; (F.C.); (W.C.); (D.G.); (L.B.); (N.H.-C.); (M.D.)
- UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Orléans, 6 Avenue du Parc Floral, F-45100 Orléans, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vermathen M, von Tengg-Kobligk H, Hungerbühler MN, Vermathen P, Ruprecht N. 1H HR-MAS NMR Based Metabolic Profiling of Lung Cancer Cells with Induced and De-Induced Cisplatin Resistance to Reveal Metabolic Resistance Adaptations. Molecules 2021; 26:6766. [PMID: 34833859 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (cisPt) is an important drug that is used against various cancers, including advanced lung cancer. However, drug resistance is still a major ongoing problem and its investigation is of paramount interest. Here, a high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR study is presented deciphering the metabolic profile of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and metabolic adaptations at different levels of induced cisPt-resistance, as well as in their de-induced counterparts (cells cultivated in absence of cisPt). In total, fifty-three metabolites were identified and quantified in the 1H-HR-MAS NMR cell spectra. Metabolic adaptations to cisPt-resistance were detected, which correlated with the degree of resistance. Importantly, de-induced cell lines demonstrated similar metabolic adaptations as the corresponding cisPt-resistant cell lines. Metabolites predominantly changed in cisPt resistant cells and their de-induced counterparts include glutathione and taurine. Characteristic metabolic patterns for cisPt resistance may become relevant as biomarkers in cancer medicine.
Collapse
|
8
|
Crippen CS, Glushka J, Vinogradov E, Szymanski CM. Trehalose-deficient Acinetobacter baumannii exhibits reduced virulence by losing capsular polysaccharide and altering membrane integrity. Glycobiology 2021; 31:1520-1530. [PMID: 34473830 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A. baumannii has become the leading cause of bacterial nosocomial infections in part due to its ability to resist desiccation, disinfection and antibiotics. Several factors contribute to the tenacity and virulence of this pathogen, including production of a broad range of surface glycoconjugates, secretory systems and efflux pumps. We became interested in examining the importance of trehalose in A. baumannii after comparing intact bacterial cells by high resolution magic angle spinning NMR and noting high levels of this disaccharide obscuring all other resonances in the spectrum. Since this was observed under normal growth conditions, we speculated that trehalose must serve additional functions beyond osmolyte homeostasis. Using the virulent isolate A. baumannii AB5075 and mutants in the trehalose synthesis pathway, ∆otsA and ∆otsB, we found that the trehalose-deficient ∆otsA showed increased sensitivity to desiccation, colistin, serum complement and peripheral blood mononuclear cells while trehalose-6-phosphate producing ∆otsB behaved similar to the wildtype. The ∆otsA mutant also demonstrated increased membrane permeability and loss of capsular polysaccharide. These findings demonstrate that trehalose deficiency leads to loss of virulence in A. baumannii AB5075.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clay S Crippen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - John Glushka
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Evgeny Vinogradov
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Christine M Szymanski
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Metabolomics is used to reduce the complexity of plants and to understand the underlying pathways of the plant phenotype. The metabolic profile of plants can be obtained by mass spectrometry or liquid-state NMR. The extraction of metabolites from the sample is necessary for both techniques to obtain the metabolic profile. This extraction step can be eliminated by making use of high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR. In this review, an HR-MAS NMR-based workflow is described in more detail, including used pulse sequences in metabolomics. The pre-processing steps of one-dimensional HR-MAS NMR spectra are presented, including spectral alignment, baseline correction, bucketing, normalisation and scaling procedures. We also highlight some of the models which can be used to perform multivariate analysis on the HR-MAS NMR spectra. Finally, applications of HR-MAS NMR in plant metabolomics are described and show that HR-MAS NMR is a powerful tool for plant metabolomics studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dieuwertje Augustijn
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Huub J. M. de Groot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - A. Alia
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16–17, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yoon D, Kim YJ, Lee WK, Choi BR, Oh SM, Lee YS, Kim JK, Lee DY. Metabolic Changes in Serum Metabolome of Beagle Dogs Fed Black Ginseng. Metabolites 2020; 10:E517. [PMID: 33352805 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10120517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of black ginseng, which has many kinds of biological activities, on dogs was investigated. Serum samples of beagle dogs, which were fed with black ginseng for 8 weeks, were measured using high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry. Acquired NMR data from the serum of dogs fed for 0, 4, and 8 weeks were analyzed by metabolic profiling and multivariate statistical analysis. In statistical analysis and biomarker analysis results of metabolite profiles, formate, glutamine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, proline, and valine had variable importance in projection (VIP) scores above 1.0 and excellent area under the curve (AUC) values of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves above 0.9. In the result of multivariate statistical analysis, the score plot showed the discrimination between before and after feeding of black ginseng. These differences in metabolic profiles are considered to be due to the involvement of metabolic processes following black ginseng administration, such as enhancing immunity and energy metabolism. Through metabolomics analysis, we confirmed the biological efficacy of black ginseng in dogs and also confirmed that metabolomics can be applied to the pet health industry.
Collapse
|
11
|
Yamada Y, Shizuma M. Study on release suppression of cinnamaldehyde from κ-carrageenan gel by HR-MASNMR and pulsed field gradient NMR (PFG-NMR). Food Hydrocoll 2020; 110:106130. [PMID: 32834337 PMCID: PMC7347355 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Aiming toward the production and characterization of delicious and functional gel foods, this communication studies the flavor release from cinnamon-containing κ-carrageenan gel. Cinnamaldehyde, which provides the flavor of cinnamon, was released in a trace amount from the gel and detected by flame ionization detector gas chromatography. The retention of cinnamaldehyde in κ-carrageenan gel and the interaction between flavor and polysaccharide were investigated by high-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS NMR) and pulsed-field gradient NMR (PFG NMR). The intact cinnamaldehyde in the gel was also observed by HR-MAS NMR. The relative mobility difference of the flavor and polysaccharide molecules was observed from the diffusion-ordered NMR spectrum of PFG NMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Yamada
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Culture and Human Nutrition, Baika Women's University, 2-19-5 Shukunosho, Ibaraki City, Osaka, 567-8578, Japan
| | - Motohiro Shizuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka Research Institute of Industrial and Scientific Technology (ORIST), 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto-ku, Osaka, 536-8553, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ali S, Badshah G, Da Ros Montes D’Oca C, Ramos Campos F, Nagata N, Khan A, de Fátima Costa Santos M, Barison A. High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) NMR-Based Fingerprints Determination in the Medicinal Plant Berberis laurina. Molecules 2020; 25:E3647. [PMID: 32796509 PMCID: PMC7465263 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberis laurina (Berberidaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant used in traditional medicine since ancient times; however, it is scarcely studied to a large-scale fingerprint. This work presents a broad-range fingerprints determination through high-resolution magical angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a well-established flexible analytical method and one of most powerful "omics" platforms. It had been intended to describe a large range of chemical compositions in all plant parts. Beyond that, HR-MAS NMR allowed the direct investigation of botanical material (leaves, stems, and roots) in their natural, unaltered states, preventing molecular changes. The study revealed 17 metabolites, including caffeic acid, and berberine, a remarkable alkaloid from the genus Berberis L. The metabolic pattern changes of the leaves in the course of time were found to be seasonally dependent, probably due to the variability of seasonal and environmental trends. This metabolites overview is of great importance in understanding plant (bio)chemistry and mediating plant survival and is influenceable by interacting environmental means. Moreover, the study will be helpful in medicinal purposes, health sciences, crop evaluations, and genetic and biotechnological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sher Ali
- NMR Lab, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil; (G.B.); (C.D.R.M.D.); (N.N.); (M.d.F.C.S.)
| | - Gul Badshah
- NMR Lab, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil; (G.B.); (C.D.R.M.D.); (N.N.); (M.d.F.C.S.)
| | - Caroline Da Ros Montes D’Oca
- NMR Lab, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil; (G.B.); (C.D.R.M.D.); (N.N.); (M.d.F.C.S.)
| | | | - Noemi Nagata
- NMR Lab, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil; (G.B.); (C.D.R.M.D.); (N.N.); (M.d.F.C.S.)
| | - Ajmir Khan
- School of Packaging, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1223, USA;
- Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Costa Santos
- NMR Lab, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil; (G.B.); (C.D.R.M.D.); (N.N.); (M.d.F.C.S.)
| | - Andersson Barison
- NMR Lab, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81530-900, PR, Brazil; (G.B.); (C.D.R.M.D.); (N.N.); (M.d.F.C.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Taglienti A, Tiberini A, Ciampa A, Piscopo A, Zappia A, Tomassoli L, Poiana M, Dell'Abate MT. Metabolites response to onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) infection in 'Rossa di Tropea' onion during storage: a 1 H HR-MAS NMR study. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:3418-3427. [PMID: 32166770 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant viral infections induce changes in metabolic components in the host plant, with potential effects on compositional, organoleptic and storability features of agricultural products. Identification of modulated metabolites may provide clues concerning pathways implementing responses in plant-pathogen interactions. A time course study of metabolic fingerprinting of onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV)-infected versus healthy 'Rossa di Tropea' onion bulbs was performed using proton high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H HR-MAS NMR) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), providing an overview of the metabolic state of the bulb in response to OYDV infection during storage. RESULTS Metabolites accumulated/depleted upon infection were identified, belonging to flavonoid, saccharide, amino acid and organic acid classes. A decrease in quercetin glucosides content and antioxidant activity was observed in infected bulbs; some amino acids (Arg, Asn, Phe, Val) accumulated, while others were depleted (Leu); for some metabolites, a bimodal time-course was observed during storage (Glc, Lys). Virus interference on metabolic pathways, and the effects of the metabolic shift on edible product storability, organoleptic and nutritional quality were discussed. CONCLUSIONS OYDV infection induces a metabolic shift in 'Rossa di Tropea' onion during bulb storage, involving several pathways and affecting storability and organoleptic and nutritional quality of bulbs at marketable stage. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Taglienti
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Tiberini
- Department of Agricultural Science, University 'Mediterraena' of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ciampa
- Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Amalia Piscopo
- Department of Agricultural Science, University 'Mediterraena' of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Angela Zappia
- Department of Agricultural Science, University 'Mediterraena' of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Laura Tomassoli
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Poiana
- Department of Agricultural Science, University 'Mediterraena' of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Dell'Abate
- Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Righi V, Cavallini N, Valentini A, Pinna G, Pavesi G, Rossi MC, Puzzolante A, Mucci A, Cocchi M. A metabolomic data fusion approach to support gliomas grading. NMR Biomed 2020; 33:e4234. [PMID: 31825557 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the current gold standard for the diagnosis of brain tumors. However, despite the development of MRI techniques, the differential diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) primary pathologies, such as lymphoma and glioblastoma or tumor-like brain lesions and glioma, is often challenging. MRI can be supported by in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to enhance its diagnostic power and multiproject-multicenter evaluations of classification of brain tumors have shown that an accuracy around 90% can be achieved for most of the pairwise discrimination problems. However, the survival rate for patients affected by gliomas is still low. The High-Resolution Magic-Angle-Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HR-MAS NMR) metabolomics studies may be helpful for the discrimination of gliomas grades and the development of new strategies for clinical intervention. Here, we propose to use T2 -filtered, diffusion-filtered and conventional water-presaturated spectra to try to extract as much information as possible, fusing the data gathered by these different NMR experiments and applying a chemometric approach based on Multivariate Curve Resolution (MCR). Biomarkers important for glioma's discrimination were found. In particular, we focused our attention on cystathionine (Cyst) that shows promise as a biomarker for the better prognosis of glioma tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Righi
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita, Università di Bologna, Campus Rimini, Corso D'Augusto 237, Rimini, Italy
| | - Nicola Cavallini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Geologiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonella Valentini
- Dipartimento Integrato di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Via Giardini 1355, Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - Giampietro Pinna
- Dipartimento Integrato di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Via Giardini 1355, Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
- Current. Istituto di Neurochirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Piazzale Aristide Stefani 1, Verona, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pavesi
- Dipartimento Integrato di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Via Giardini 1355, Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 287, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Cecilia Rossi
- Centro Interdipartimentale Grandi Strumenti, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 213/A, Modena, Italy
| | - Annette Puzzolante
- Dipartimento Integrato di Neuroscienze, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Via Giardini 1355, Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - Adele Mucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Geologiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, Modena, Italy
| | - Marina Cocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Geologiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Flores IS, Martinelli BCB, Lião LM. High-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance ( HR-MAS NMR) as a tool in the determination of biomarkers of Passiflora-based herbal medicines. Fitoterapia 2020; 142:104500. [PMID: 32045694 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR-MAS NMR) for the identification of the metabolic profile of plants under conditions very close to that in which the compounds are present in the matrix, the herbal medicines in this case. This enables selectivity in the determination of the active principle and other biomarkers present in the complex matrix, avoiding degradation products, which may occur in the extractive processes required in several analytical methods. In this study, HR-MAS analysis was applied in the quality control of seven Passiflora-based herbal medicines, using metabolic fingerprinting to confirm plant species and identify biomarkers. Vitexin and isovitexin were identified as major compounds in three of these herbal medicines (0.17 to 0.55%), while salicin was the majority in two others. On the other hand, no significant flavonoid contents were observed in the remaining two. In addition, it was possible to detect ethanol, a non-target compound, in all herbal medicines in concentrations varying between 0.009 and 0.342%. In this way, combined with chemometrics 1H HR-MAS NMR proved to be suitable for the qualitative and quantitative study of Passiflora biomarkers, using a minimal pre-treatment of the sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor S Flores
- Instituto Federal de Goiás, 75400-000 Inhumas, GO, Brazil
| | - Bruno C B Martinelli
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Primasová H, Paul LEH, Diserens G, Primasová E, Vermathen P, Vermathen M, Furrer J. 1H HR-MAS NMR-Based Metabolomics of Cancer Cells in Response to Treatment with the Diruthenium Trithiolato Complex [( p-MeC 6H 4iPr) 2Ru 2(SC 6H 4- p-Bu t) 3] + (DiRu-1). Metabolites 2019; 9:E146. [PMID: 31323867 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9070146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The trithiolato bridged diruthenium complex DiRu-1 [(p-MeC6H4iPr)2Ru2(SC6H4-p-But)3]+ is highly cytotoxic against various cancer cell lines, but its exact mode of action remains unknown. The present 1H HR-MAS NMR-based metabolomic study was performed on ovarian cancer cell line A2780, on its cis-Pt resistant variant A2780cisR, and on the cell line HEK-293 treated with 0.03 µM and 0.015 µM of DiRu-1 corresponding to full and half IC50 doses, respectively, to investigate the mode of action of this ruthenium complex. The resulting changes in the metabolic profile of the cell lines were studied using HR-MAS NMR of cell lysates and a subsequent statistical analysis. We show that DiRu-1 in a 0.03 µM dose has significant impact on the levels of a number of metabolites, such as glutamine, glutamate, glutathione, cysteine, lipid, creatine, lactate, and acetate, especially pronounced in the A2780cisR cell line. The IC50/2 dose shows some significant changes, but full IC50 appears to be necessary to observe the full effect. Overall, the metabolic changes observed suggest that redox homeostasis, the Warburg effect, and the lipid metabolism are affected by DiRu-1.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yoon D, Choi BR, Ma S, Lee JW, Jo IH, Lee YS, Kim GS, Kim S, Lee DY. Metabolomics for Age Discrimination of Ginseng Using a Multiplex Approach to HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy, UPLC-QTOF/MS, and GC × GC-TOF/MS. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132381. [PMID: 31252608 PMCID: PMC6651322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The ability to determine the age of ginseng is very important because the price of ginseng depends on the cultivation period. Since morphological observation is subjective, a new scientific and systematic method for determining the age of ginseng is required. (2) Methods: Three techniques were used for a metabolomics approach. High-resolution magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS NMR) spectroscopy was used to analyze powdered ginseng samples without extraction. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) and gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-fight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) were used to analyze the extracts of 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old ginseng. (3) Results: A metabolomics approach has the potential to discriminate the age of ginseng. Among the primary metabolites detected from NMR spectroscopy, the levels of fumarate and choline showed moderate prediction with an area under the curve (AUC) value of more than 0.7. As a result of UPLC-QTOF/MS-based profiling, 61 metabolites referring to the VIP (variable importance in the projection) score contributed to discriminating the age of ginseng. The results of GC×GC-TOF/MS showed clear discrimination of 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old ginseng using orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to 100% of the discrimination rate. The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, 16 metabolites between 4- and 5-year-old ginseng, and 18 metabolites between 5- and 6-year-old ginseng contributed to age discrimination in all regions. (4) Conclusions: These results showed that metabolic profiling and multivariate statistical analyses can distinguish the age of ginseng. Especially, it is meaningful that ginseng samples from different areas had the same metabolites for age discrimination. In future studies, it will be necessary to identify the unknown variables and to collaboratively study with other fields the biochemistry of aging in ginseng.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dahye Yoon
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Choi
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Seohee Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Ick-Hyun Jo
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Young-Seob Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Geum-Soog Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Cell wall polysaccharides (CWPS), which are usually covalently bound to the peptidoglycan and are closely associated with the cell wall, are considered as ubiquitous components of the cell envelope of gram-positive bacteria and play an important role as mediators of bacterial interactions with the environment. Here, we describe a simple method for purifying CWPS by extraction of bacterial cells with consecutive acid treatments. Purified CWPS are obtained by gel-filtration chromatography following treatment with HF. We also provide the methodology to easily assess the integrity of CWPS using high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Sadovskaya
- Équipe BPA, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, convention ANSES, EA 7394, ICV Charles Violette, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, INRA, ISA F-62321, Boulogne-sur-mer, France
| | - Yann Guérardel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Flores IS, Martinelli BCB, Pinto VS, Queiroz LHK, Lião LM. Important issues in plant tissues analyses by HR-MAS NMR. Phytochem Anal 2019; 30:5-13. [PMID: 30091158 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS NMR) spectroscopy enables the analysis of the metabolic profile of plant and animal tissues under close to natural conditions, as well as of other heterogeneous natural or synthetic materials. Neither sample pretreatment is required after fragmentation nor powdering of the sample before insertion into the rotor. However, the efficiency of the method depends strongly on the sample preparation, rotor insertion procedure, and analysis conditions. OBJECTIVE To identify some of the variables that affect the spectral data and to propose solutions that minimise their impact on the quality of the analyses and results. METHODS Dried plant tissues were powdered, weighed, and homogenised in a 50 μL rotor with an optimised volume of deuterated solvent and sample in order to prevent material from escaping during spacer insertion, avoiding variations in magnetic susceptibility. Factors affecting the quality of HR-MAS NMR analysis such as particle size, sample and solvent amounts, solvent polarity, swelling time, rotor manipulation and pulse sequence setting were evaluated. RESULTS A strong correlation was observed between the signal area and the particle size of the powdered sample. The spectral profile varied depending on the deuterated solvent used. An incubation period was necessary to achieve adequate swelling of the sample and to ensure good data reproducibility. Proper sealing of the rotor, number of cycles and τ time on cpmgpr1d pulse sequence were found to affect the signal areas. CONCLUSION The study highlights the need for standardised sample preparation and instrumental setup protocols in order to achieve high reproducibility and obtain reliable data from HR-MAS NMR analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vinicius S Pinto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luiz H K Queiroz
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vermathen M, Müller J, Furrer J, Müller N, Vermathen P. 1H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy to study the metabolome of the protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia. Talanta 2018; 188:429-41. [PMID: 30029398 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of the metabolic profile and exchange processes in the protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia is of importance for a better understanding of the biochemical processes and for the development of drugs to control diseases caused by G. lamblia. In the current paper, 1H High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) NMR spectroscopy was directly applied to G. lamblia trophozoite suspensions to analyze the detectable small metabolites with a minimum of intervention. Thirty-one components were identified with main contributions from amino acids such as alanine and ornithine. The reproducibility, variability, and stability of the metabolites were investigated. Citrulline was found to be formed as an intermediate and citrulline levels depended on the stage of cell growth. Glucose-1-phosphate was found to be formed in relatively high amounts after cell harvesting if enzymes were not inactivated. In addition, the metabolic footprint of Giardia trophozoites, i.e. changes in the culture medium induced by G. lamblia, was investigated by liquid state NMR spectroscopy of culture media before and after inoculation. A quantitative comparison of the NMR spectra revealed component changes in the culture media during growth. The results suggested that not glucose but rather arginine serves as main energy supply. Biochemical functions of intracellular components and their metabolic exchange with the culture medium are discussed. The results provide an important basis for the design of HR-MAS NMR based metabolomic studies of G. lamblia in particular and any protozoan parasite samples in general.
Collapse
|
21
|
Balthasar AJR, Bydlon TM, Ippel H, van der Voort M, Hendriks BHW, Lucassen GW, van Geffen GJ, van Kleef M, van Dijk P, Lataster A. Optical signature of nerve tissue-Exploratory ex vivo study comparing optical, histological, and molecular characteristics of different adipose and nerve tissues. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 50:948-960. [PMID: 29756651 PMCID: PMC6220981 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background During several anesthesiological procedures, needles are inserted through the skin of a patient to target nerves. In most cases, the needle traverses several tissues—skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels—to reach the target nerve. A clear identification of the target nerve can improve the success of the nerve block and reduce the rate of complications. This may be accomplished with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) which can provide a quantitative measure of the tissue composition. The goal of the current study was to further explore the morphological, biological, chemical, and optical characteristics of the tissues encountered during needle insertion to improve future DRS classification algorithms. Methods To compare characteristics of nerve tissue (sciatic nerve) and adipose tissues, the following techniques were used: histology, DRS, absorption spectrophotometry, high‐resolution magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR‐MAS NMR) spectroscopy, and solution 2D 13C‐1H heteronuclear single‐quantum coherence spectroscopy. Tissues from five human freshly frozen cadavers were examined. Results Histology clearly highlights a higher density of cellular nuclei, collagen, and cytoplasm in fascicular nerve tissue (IFAS). IFAS showed lower absorption of light around 1200 nm and 1750 nm, higher absorption around 1500 nm and 2000 nm, and a shift in the peak observed around 1000 nm. DRS measurements showed a higher water percentage and collagen concentration in IFAS and a lower fat percentage compared to all other tissues. The scattering parameter (b) was highest in IFAS. The HR‐MAS NMR data showed three extra chemical peak shifts in IFAS tissue. Conclusion Collagen, water, and cellular nuclei concentration are clearly different between nerve fascicular tissue and other adipose tissue and explain some of the differences observed in the optical absorption, DRS, and HR‐NMR spectra of these tissues. Some differences observed between fascicular nerve tissue and adipose tissues cannot yet be explained but may be helpful in improving the discriminatory capabilities of DRS in anesthesiology procedures. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:948–960, 2018. © 2018 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J R Balthasar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Benno H W Hendriks
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Delft University of Technology, Department of BioMechanical Engineering, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Geert-Jan van Geffen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van Kleef
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul van Dijk
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Arno Lataster
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gencay YE, Sørensen MCH, Wenzel CQ, Szymanski CM, Brøndsted L. Phase Variable Expression of a Single Phage Receptor in Campylobacter jejuni NCTC12662 Influences Sensitivity Toward Several Diverse CPS-Dependent Phages. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:82. [PMID: 29467727 PMCID: PMC5808241 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni NCTC12662 is sensitive to infection by many Campylobacter bacteriophages. Here we used this strain to investigate the molecular mechanism behind phage resistance development when exposed to a single phage and demonstrate how phase variable expression of one surface component influences phage sensitivity against many diverse C. jejuni phages. When C. jejuni NCTC12662 was exposed to phage F207 overnight, 25% of the bacterial cells were able to grow on a lawn of phage F207, suggesting that resistance develops at a high frequency. One resistant variant, 12662R, was further characterized and shown to be an adsorption mutant. Plaque assays using our large phage collection showed that seven out of 36 diverse capsular polysaccharide (CPS)-dependent phages could not infect 12662R, whereas the remaining phages formed plaques on 12662R with reduced efficiencies. Analysis of the CPS composition of 12662R by high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS NMR) showed a diminished signal for O-methyl phosphoramidate (MeOPN), a phase variable modification of the CPS. This suggested that the majority of the 12662R population did not express this phase variable modification in the CPS, indicating that MeOPN serves as a phage receptor in NCTC12662. Whole genome analysis of 12662R showed a switch in the length of the phase variable homopolymeric G tract of gene 06810, encoding a putative MeOPN-transferase located in the CPS locus, resulting in a non-functional protein. To confirm the role of 06810 in phage resistance development of NCTC12662, a 06810 knockout mutant in NCTC12662 was constructed and analyzed by HR-MAS NMR demonstrating the absence of MeOPN in the CPS of the mutant. Plaque assays using NCTC12662Δ06810 demonstrated that seven of our CPS-dependent Campylobacter phages are dependent on the presence of MeOPN for successful infection of C. jejuni, whereas the remaining 29 phages infect independently of MeOPN, although with reduced efficiencies. Our data indicate that CPS-dependent phages uses diverse mechanisms for their initial interaction with their C. jejuni host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilmaz Emre Gencay
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Martine C H Sørensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Cory Q Wenzel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Christine M Szymanski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Lone Brøndsted
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pagter M, Yde CC, Kjær KH. Metabolic Fingerprinting of Dormant and Active Flower Primordia of Ribes nigrum Using High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning NMR. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:10123-10130. [PMID: 29083175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Global warming may modify the timing of dormancy release and spring growth of buds of temperate fruit crops. Environmental regulation of the activity-dormancy cycle in perennial plants remains poorly understood at the metabolic level. Especially, the fine-scale metabolic dynamics in the meristematic zone within buds has received little attention. In this work we performed metabolic profiling of intact floral primordia of Ribes nigrum isolated from buds differing in dormancy status using high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR. The technique proved useful in monitoring different groups of metabolites, e.g., carbohydrates and amino acids, in floral primordia and allowed metabolic separation of primordia from endo- and ecodormant buds. In addition, due to its nondestructive character, HR-MAS NMR may provide novel insights into cellular compartmentation of individual biomolecules that cannot be obtained using liquid-state NMR. Out results show that HR-MAS NMR may be an important method for metabolomics of intact plant structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majken Pagter
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University , Fredrik Bajers vej 7H, DK-9220, Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Christian Clement Yde
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University , Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792 Aarslev, Denmark
- DuPont Nutrition Biosciences ApS, Edwin Rahrs vej 38, DK-8220 Brabrand, Denmark
| | - Katrine Heinsvig Kjær
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University , Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792 Aarslev, Denmark
- Danish Technological Institute, Gregersensvej 1, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sadovskaya I, Vinogradov E, Courtin P, Armalyte J, Meyrand M, Giaouris E, Palussière S, Furlan S, Péchoux C, Ainsworth S, Mahony J, van Sinderen D, Kulakauskas S, Guérardel Y, Chapot-Chartier MP. Another Brick in the Wall: a Rhamnan Polysaccharide Trapped inside Peptidoglycan of Lactococcus lactis. mBio 2017; 8:e01303-17. [PMID: 28900021 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01303-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are ubiquitous components of the Gram-positive bacterial cell wall. In Lactococcus lactis, a polysaccharide pellicle (PSP) forms a layer at the cell surface. The PSP structure varies among lactococcal strains; in L. lactis MG1363, the PSP is composed of repeating hexasaccharide phosphate units. Here, we report the presence of an additional neutral polysaccharide in L. lactis MG1363 that is a rhamnan composed of α-l-Rha trisaccharide repeating units. This rhamnan is still present in mutants devoid of the PSP, indicating that its synthesis can occur independently of PSP synthesis. High-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS NMR) analysis of whole bacterial cells identified a PSP at the surface of wild-type cells. In contrast, rhamnan was detected only at the surface of PSP-negative mutant cells, indicating that rhamnan is located underneath the surface-exposed PSP and is trapped inside peptidoglycan. The genetic determinants of rhamnan biosynthesis appear to be within the same genetic locus that encodes the PSP biosynthetic machinery, except the gene tagO encoding the initiating glycosyltransferase. We present a model of rhamnan biosynthesis based on an ABC transporter-dependent pathway. Conditional mutants producing reduced amounts of rhamnan exhibit strong morphological defects and impaired division, indicating that rhamnan is essential for normal growth and division. Finally, a mutation leading to reduced expression of lcpA, encoding a protein of the LytR-CpsA-Psr (LCP) family, was shown to severely affect cell wall structure. In lcpA mutant cells, in contrast to wild-type cells, rhamnan was detected by HR-MAS NMR, suggesting that LcpA participates in the attachment of rhamnan to peptidoglycan.IMPORTANCE In the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria, the peptidoglycan sacculus is considered the major structural component, maintaining cell shape and integrity. It is decorated with other glycopolymers, including polysaccharides, the roles of which are not fully elucidated. In the ovococcus Lactococcus lactis, a polysaccharide with a different structure between strains forms a layer at the bacterial surface and acts as the receptor for various bacteriophages that typically exhibit a narrow host range. The present report describes the identification of a novel polysaccharide in the L. lactis cell wall, a rhamnan that is trapped inside the peptidoglycan and covalently bound to it. We propose a model of rhamnan synthesis based on an ABC transporter-dependent pathway. Rhamnan appears as a conserved component of the lactococcal cell wall playing an essential role in growth and division, thus highlighting the importance of polysaccharides in the cell wall integrity of Gram-positive ovococci.
Collapse
|
25
|
Santos ADDC, Fonseca FA, Dutra LM, Santos MDFC, Menezes LRA, Campos FR, Nagata N, Ayub R, Barison A. 1H HR-MAS NMR-based metabolomics study of different persimmon cultivars (Diospyros kaki) during fruit development. Food Chem 2017; 239:511-519. [PMID: 28873598 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
1H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy was used to track the metabolic changes throughout the whole development of astringent ('Giombo') and non-astringent ('Fuyu') cultivars of persimmon (Diospyros kaki). The NMR data revealed the low concentration of amino acids (threonine, alanine, citrulline and GABA) and organic acids (malic acid). In addition, the signals of carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose and fructose) seemed to play the most important role in the fruit development. In both cultivars, the growth was characterized by fluctuating sucrose concentration along with a constant increase in both glucose and fructose. In the initial growth stage, the polyphenol composition was quite different between the cultivars. Gallic acid was detected throughout the growth of 'Giombo', while for 'Fuyu', signals of polyphenols disappeared over time. Additional multivariate analysis suggested that these cultivars share many metabolic similarities during development. These findings might help the comprehension of fruit development, which in turn, impacts the quality of the fruits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Flávia Aparecida Fonseca
- NMR Center, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81530-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lívia Macedo Dutra
- NMR Center, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81530-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Noemi Nagata
- NMR Center, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81530-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ayub
- Phytotechny and Phytosanitary Departament, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 84030900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Andersson Barison
- NMR Center, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81530-900 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Stojkovic K, Szijártó V, Kaszowska M, Niedziela T, Hartl K, Nagy G, Lukasiewicz J. Identification of d-Galactan-III As Part of the Lipopolysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae Serotype O1. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:684. [PMID: 28487676 PMCID: PMC5403891 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, ubiquitous bacterium capable of causing severe nosocomial infections in individuals with impaired immune system. Emerging multi-drug resistant strains of this species and particularly carbapenem-resistant strains pose an urgent threat to public health. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen is the main surface antigen. It contributes to the virulence of this species and determines the O-serotype of K. pneumoniae isolates. Among the nine main O-serotypes of K. pneumoniae, O1-and O2-type pathogens are causative agents of over 50% of all infections. Serotype O1, the most common O-serotype, expresses complex LPS consisting of d-galactan-I (a polymer built of → 3)-β-d-Galf-(1 → 3)-α-d-Galp-(1 → repeating units) capped by d-galactan-II (built of [ → 3)-α-d-Galp-(1 → 3)-β-d-Galp-(1 →] repeating units). Galactan-I is present as the sole polymer in O2 serotype. Recently, in case of serotype O2, conversion of galactan-I to galactan-III (→ 3)-β-d-Galf-(1 → 3)-[α-d-Galp-(1 → 4)]-α-d-Galp-(1 →) was reported. Substitution of → 3)-α-d-Galp by a branching terminal α-d-Galp was dependent on the presence of the gmlABC operon and had a major impact on the antigenicity of the galactan polymer. Genetic analysis indicated that 40% of the O1 clinical isolates also carry the gmlABC locus; therefore we aimed to characterize the corresponding phenotype of LPS O-antigens. The presence of galactan-III among O1 strains was proven using galactan-III-specific monoclonal antibodies and confirmed by structural analyses performed using sugar and methylation analysis as well as classical and high-resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. By using an isogenic mutant pair, we demonstrated that galactan-III expression was dependent on the presence of glycosyltransferases encoded by gmlABC, as was shown previously for the O2 serotype. Furthermore, the galactan-II structures in O1gml+ strains remained unaffected corroborating no functional interactions between the biosynthesis of galactan-III and galactan-II polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Stojkovic
- Laboratory of Microbial Immunochemistry and Vaccines, Department of Immunochemistry, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of SciencesWroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Marta Kaszowska
- Laboratory of Microbial Immunochemistry and Vaccines, Department of Immunochemistry, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of SciencesWroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Niedziela
- Laboratory of Microbial Immunochemistry and Vaccines, Department of Immunochemistry, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of SciencesWroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Jolanta Lukasiewicz
- Laboratory of Microbial Immunochemistry and Vaccines, Department of Immunochemistry, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of SciencesWroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Warner L, Gjersing E, Follett SE, Elliott KW, Dzyuba SV, Varga K. The effects of high concentrations of ionic liquid on GB1 protein structure and dynamics probed by high-resolution magic-angle-spinning NMR spectroscopy. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 8:75-80. [PMID: 28717785 PMCID: PMC5510950 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids have great potential in biological applications and biocatalysis, as some ionic liquids can stabilize proteins and enhance enzyme activity, while others have the opposite effect. However, on the molecular level, probing ionic liquid interactions with proteins, especially in solutions containing high concentrations of ionic liquids, has been challenging. In the present work the 13C, 15N-enriched GB1 model protein was used to demonstrate applicability of high-resolution magic-angle-spinning (HR-MAS) NMR spectroscopy to investigate ionic liquid–protein interactions. Effect of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, [C4-mim]Br) on GB1was studied over a wide range of the ionic liquid concentrations (0.6–3.5 M, which corresponds to 10–60% v/v). Interactions between GB1 and [C4-mim]Br were observed from changes in the chemical shifts of the protein backbone as well as the changes in 15N ps-ns dynamics and rotational correlation times. Site-specific interactions between the protein and [C4-mim]Br were assigned using 3D methods under HR-MAS conditions. Thus, HR-MAS NMR is a viable tool that could aid in elucidation of molecular mechanisms of ionic liquid–protein interactions. Probing IL interactions with proteins using conventional techniques is challenging. Here, HR-MAS NMR was used to investigate IL–protein interactions. Model protein GB1 was investigated in high concentrations of [C4-mim]Br. This technique facilitates atomic level characterization of protein-IL interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Warner
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Erica Gjersing
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Shelby E Follett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - K Wade Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Sergei V Dzyuba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, 76129 USA
| | - Krisztina Varga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Elwinger F, Furó I. High-resolution magic angle spinning (1) H NMR measurement of ligand concentration in solvent-saturated chromatographic beads. Magn Reson Chem 2016; 54:291-297. [PMID: 26791865 PMCID: PMC4819705 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A method based on (1) H high-resolution magic angle spinning NMR has been developed for measuring concentration accurately in heterogeneous materials like that of ligands in chromatography media. Ligand concentration is obtained by relating the peak integrals for a butyl ligand in the spectrum of a water-saturated chromatography medium to the integral of the added internal reference. The method is fast, with capacity of 10 min total sample preparation and analysis time per sample; precise, with a reproducibility expressed as 1.7% relative standard deviation; and accurate, as indicated by the excellent agreement of derived concentration with that obtained previously by (13) C single-pulse excitation MAS NMR. The effects of radiofrequency field inhomogeneity, spin rate, temperature increase due to spinning, and distribution and re-distribution of medium and reference solvent both inside the rotor during spinning and between bulk solvent and pore space are discussed in detail. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Elwinger
- Division of Applied Physical ChemistryKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
- GE Healthcare Bio‐Sciences ABUppsalaSweden
| | - István Furó
- Division of Applied Physical ChemistryKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Righi V, Parenti F, Tugnoli V, Schenetti L, Mucci A. Crocus sativus Petals: Waste or Valuable Resource? The Answer of High-Resolution and High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:8439-8444. [PMID: 26367873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Intact Crocus sativus petals were studied for the first time by high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-MAS NMR) spectroscopy, revealing the presence of kinsenoside (2) and goodyeroside A (3), together with 3-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone (4). These findings were confirmed by HR-NMR analysis of the ethanol extract of fresh petals and showed that, even though carried out rapidly, partial hydrolysis of glucopyranosyloxybutanolides occurs during extraction. On the other hand, kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside (1), which is "NMR-silent" in intact petals, is present in extracts. These results suggest to evaluate the utilization of saffron petals for phytopharmaceutical and nutraceutical purposes to exploit a waste product of massive production of commercial saffron and point to the application of HR-MAS NMR for monitoring bioactive compounds directly on intact petals, avoiding the extraction procedure and the consequent hydrolysis reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Righi
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita, Università di Bologna , Corso D'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Vitaliano Tugnoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna , Via Belmeloro 8/A, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Esteve V, Martínez-Granados B, Martínez-Bisbal MC. Pitfalls to be considered on the metabolomic analysis of biological samples by HR-MAS. Front Chem 2014; 2:33. [PMID: 24910850 PMCID: PMC4038765 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vicent Esteve
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Valencia Valencia, Spain ; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Granados
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Valencia Valencia, Spain ; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Valencia, Spain
| | - M Carmen Martínez-Bisbal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Valencia Valencia, Spain ; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Blaise BJ, Lopez C, Vercherat C, Lacheretz-Bernigaud A, Bayet-Robert M, Rezig L, Scoazec JY, Calender A, Emsley L, Elena-Herrmann B, Cordier-Bussat M. Metabolic expressivity of human genetic variants: NMR metabotyping of MEN1 pathogenic mutants. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 93:118-24. [PMID: 24183932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Functional consequences of mutations in predisposition genes for familial cancer syndromes remain often elusive, especially when the corresponding gene products play pleiotropic functions and interact with numerous partners. Understanding the consequences of these genetic alterations requires access to their functional effects at the phenotypic level. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has emerged as a promising functional genomics probe, through its ability to monitor the consequences of genetic variations at the biochemical level. Here, we determine by NMR the metabolic perturbations associated with different disease-related mutations in the MEN1 gene, responsible for the multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, type 1 (MEN1), an example of hereditary cancer. The MEN1 gene encodes the Menin protein. Based on a cellular model that allows exogenous overexpression of either the wild type (WT) Menin protein or disease-related variant forms, we evaluate the feasibility of using metabolic profiles to discriminate cells with WT versus variant Menin overexpression. High-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) NMR of whole cells allows to determine the metabolic features associated with overexpression of WT Menin as compared to the one of six different missense variants observed in MEN1 patients. We then identify several statistically significant individual metabolites associated with the metabolic signature of pathogenic versus WT variants. Whether such a metabolic phenotyping approach using cell lines could be exploited as a functional test in a human genetic cancer syndrome is further discussed.
Collapse
|