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Miao JF, Peng YF, Chen S, Gao WJ, Yang QX, Zhu P, Guo J, Tao J, Luo L, Zhang Y, Ling Y. A novel harmine derivative, N-(4-(hydroxycarbamoyl)benzyl)-1-(4- methoxyphenyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxamide (HBC), as histone deacetylase inhibitor: in vitro antiproliferation, apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, and antimetastatic effects. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 824:78-88. [PMID: 29428472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to design and synthesize a novel harmine derivative N-(4-(hydroxycarbamoyl) benzyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9H-pyrido [3,4-b]indole-3-carboxamide (HBC) as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, and evaluate its antitumor activities and anti-metastasis mechanism. HBC not only exerted significant ant-proliferation activity against five human cancer cell lines, especially for HepG2 cell with an IC50 value of 2.21 μM, which is nearly three-fold lower than SAHA (IC50 = 6.26 µM), but also showed selective HDAC1/6 inhibitory effects in vitro. However, HBC had little effect on normal hepatic cells LO2. Furthermore, HBC simultaneously increased the acetylation of histone H3, H4, and α-tubulin, induced hypochromism by electrostatical interaction with CT-DNA, triggered more significant cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M than SAHA by inhibition of both CDK1 and cyclin B in a concentration dependent manner. In addition, scratch and invasion assay showed that HBC also dose-dependently suppressed migration and invasion capacities of highly metastatic HCC HepG2 cells through down-regulated the expression of tumor metastasis related proteins MMP-2 and MMP-9, significantly better than SAHA. Finally, HBC showed low acute toxicity to mice and significant growth inhibition of the hepatoma tumor in vivo. These results demonstrate that novel harmine-based HDAC inhibitor HBC not only exhibited selective HDAC1/6 inhibitory activity and significant in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity, but also possessed DNA binding effect, apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest effects, and potent anti-metastasis mechanisms, which may hold great promise as therapeutic agent targeting HDAC1/6 for the intervention of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Fei Miao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Yan-Fu Peng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Shi Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Wei-Jie Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Qiu-Xing Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Jinhua Tao
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Lin Luo
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
| | - Yong Ling
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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