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Myers TD, Ferguson C, Gliniak E, Homanics GE, Palladino MJ. Murine model of triosephosphate isomerase deficiency with anemia and severe neuromuscular dysfunction. Curr Res Neurobiol 2022; 3:100062. [PMID: 36405628 PMCID: PMC9673098 DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency (TPI Df) is a rare, aggressive genetic disease that typically affects young children and currently has no established treatment. TPI Df is characterized by hemolytic anemia, progressive neuromuscular degeneration, and a markedly reduced lifespan. The disease has predominately been studied using invertebrate and in vitro models, which lack key aspects of the human disease. While other groups have generated mammalian Tpi1 mutant strains, specifically with the mouse mus musculus, these do not recapitulate key characteristic phenotypes of the human disease. Reported here is the generation of a novel murine model of TPI Df. CRISPR-Cas9 was utilized to engineer the most common human disease-causing mutation, Tpi1 E105D , and Tpi1 null mice were also isolated as a frame-shifting deletion. Tpi1 E105D/null mice experience a markedly shortened lifespan, postural abnormalities consistent with extensive neuromuscular dysfunction, hemolytic anemia, pathological changes in spleen, and decreased body weight. There is a ∼95% reduction in TPI protein levels in Tpi1 E105D/null animals compared to wild-type littermates, consistent with decreased TPI protein stability, a known cause of TPI Df. This work illustrates the capability of Tpi1 E105D/null mice to serve as a mammalian model of human TPI Df. This work will allow for advancement in the study of TPI Df within a model with physiology similar to humans. The development of the model reported here will enable mechanistic studies of disease pathogenesis and, importantly, efficacy testing in a mammalian system for emerging TPI Df treatments.
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Key Words
- CRISPR
- DHAP, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
- G3P, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
- Genetics
- Glycolysis
- Hct, Hematocrit
- Hgb, Hemoglobin
- Hsp70, Heat shock protein 70
- Hsp90, Heat shock protein 90
- MCV, Mean Corpuscular Volume
- Metabolism
- RNAi, RNA interference
- TPI Deficiency
- TPI Df, Triosephosphate Isomerase Deficiency
- TPI, Triosephosphate Isomerase
- Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI)
- UTR, Untranslated Region
- WT, Wild-type
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey D. Myers
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carolyn Ferguson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Preoperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eric Gliniak
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gregg E. Homanics
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Preoperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael J. Palladino
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Palozi RAC, Guarnier LP, Romão PVM, Nocchi SR, Dos Santos CC, Lourenço ELB, Silva DB, Gasparotto FM, Gasparotto Junior A. Pharmacological safety of Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel in rabbits. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:616-624. [PMID: 31316897 PMCID: PMC6611835 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit peels of Plinia cauliflora are widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine. No studies have proved the safety of its pharmacological effects. We assessed the safety pharmacology of P. cauliflora extract (EEPC) in rabbits. EEPC did not cause any significant changes in several physiological systems. These data provide important safety data for its clinical use.
Fruit peels of Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel are widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine, but no studies have proved the safety of its pharmacological effects on the respiratory, cardiovascular, and central nervous systems. The present study assessed the safety pharmacology of P. cauliflora in New Zealand rabbits. First, an ethanol extract (EEPC) was selected for the pharmacological experiments and chemical characterization. Then, different groups of rabbits were orally treated with EEPC (200 and 2000 mg/kg) or vehicle. Acute behavioral and physiological alterations in the modified Irwin test, respiratory rate, arterial blood gas, and various cardiovascular parameters (i.e., heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiography) were evaluated. The main secondary metabolites that were identified in EEPC were ellagic acid, gallic acid, O-deoxyhexosyl quercetin, and the anthocyanin O-hexosyl cyanidin. No significant behavioral or physiological changes were observed in any of the groups. None of the doses of EEPC affected respiratory rate or arterial blood gas, with no changes on blood pressure or electrocardiographic parameters. The present study showed that EEPC did not cause any significant changes in respiratory, cardiovascular, or central nervous system function. These data provide scientific evidence of the effects of this species and important safety data for its clinical use.
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Key Words
- ABG, Arterial blood gas
- ANOVA, One-way analysis of variance
- ASE, Accelerated solvent extraction
- BB, Buffer Base
- BE, Base Excess
- BEecf, Base excess in the extracellular fluid compartment
- CNS, Central nervous system
- Ca++, Calcium
- Cardiovascular
- Cl, Chloride
- DBP, Diastolic blood pressure
- ECG, Electrocardiography
- EEPC, Ethanol extract of Plinia cauliflora
- GAE, Gallic acid equivalent
- H+, Hydrogen ion dissociated
- HHb, Deoxyhemoglobin
- Hct, Hematocrit
- Irwin test
- K+, Potassium
- LA, Left arm
- LC-DAD-MS, Liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and mass spectrometer
- LL, Left leg
- MAP, Mean arterial pressure
- Myrtaceae
- Na+, Sodium
- Na₂CO₃, Sodium carbonate
- O2Hb, Oxyhemoglobin
- P50, Half of the maximum hemoglobin saturation
- PCO2, Partial pressure of carbon dioxide
- PO2, Partial pressure of oxygen
- RA, Right arm
- RL, Right leg
- Respiratory
- S.E.M, Standard error of the mean
- SBP, Systolic blood pressure
- SO2, Level of hemoglobin-saturation by oxygen
- Toxicology
- UFLC, Ultra fast liquid chromatograph
- cHCO3, Bicarbonate concentration
- ctCO2 (B), Concentration of total carbon dioxide of whole blood
- ctCO2 (P), Concentration of total carbon dioxide in plasma
- ctO2, Concentration of total oxygen
- pH, Potential of hydrogen
- tHb, Hemoglobin
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LEFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Pires Guarnier
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LEFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Vitor Moreira Romão
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LEFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Samara Requena Nocchi
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LaPNEM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Calixto Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LaPNEM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Francielly Mourão Gasparotto
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LEFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular (LEFaC), Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
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