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Lu S, Gao G. Association Between `Life's Essential 8` and Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study From the NHANES Database. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00097-2. [PMID: 38622031 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, and the persistent inflammatory state it confers may lead to cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown that `Life's Essential 8 (LE8)`, an indicator of cardiovascular health, was associated with the risk of several inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to assess the association between LE8 and its subsets and the risk of periodontitis. METHODS Data of participants who consented to periodontitis examinations were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database (2009-2014). LE8 contains 4 health behaviours (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health) and 4 health factors (body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure) and was categorised into low (0-49), moderate (50-79), and high (80-100) levels. Covariates included demographic information, laboratory values, disease history, and medication history. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were performed to assess the association between LE8 and periodontitis, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses based on age, gender, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) history were further assessed the association. RESULTS A total of 5106 adults were included, of whom 2606 (51.04%) had periodontitis. After adjustment for age, gender, race, poverty-to-income ratio, education level, marital status, drinking, CVD, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, waist circumference (WC), vitamin D, and dental floss using, a high LE8 score (odds ratio [OR], 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32-0.73), a higher health behaviours score (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.42-0.73), and a higher health factors score (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51-0.99) were associated with a lower occurrence of periodontitis, especially in adults who were male, younger than 60 years, and without a history of CVD. Moreover, the occurrence of periodontitis decreased when scores of total LE8, health factors, and health behaviours increased every 10 scores. CONCLUSIONS LE8 score and its subscale scores were associated with lower odds of periodontitis. Promoting improved cardiovascular health may be beneficial to reduce the burden of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang Shandong, China
| | - Guoning Gao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang Shandong, China.
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Sialino LD, Wijnhoven HAH, van Oostrom SH, Picavet HSJ, Visser M, Schaap LA. The sex difference in self-rated health among older Turkish and Moroccan migrants in the Netherlands: an exploratory study of contributing determinants. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:248. [PMID: 38254057 PMCID: PMC10801924 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although being a woman and having a migration background are strong predictors of poor self-rated health among (older) adults, research on the sex difference in self-rated health among (older) migrants remains limited. This study therefore aims to investigate this topic and explore the contributing role of determinants of self-rated health. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 360 Turkish-Dutch and Moroccan-Dutch adults aged 55-65 as part of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) were used. Self-rated health (good versus poor) was measured by a single item question. Univariate age-adjusted logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the sex difference in self-rated health and the contribution of sex differences in sensitivity (strength of the association) and/or exposure (prevalence) to socio-demographic, social, lifestyle or health-related determinants of self-rated health. RESULTS Women had a 0.53 times lower odds (95%CI:0.40-0.82, p = 0.004) on good self-rated health compared to men. Women more often having a lower education level, living alone and having a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, chronic diseases and especially functional limitations contributed to the lower self-rated health among women. In contrast, men were more sensitive to the impact of memory complaints, depressive symptoms, visual difficulties and functional limitations. CONCLUSIONS Older Turkish-Dutch and Moroccan-Dutch women have a significant lower self-rated health compared to men. Women having a higher exposure to both socio-demographic and health-related determinants of self-rated health, which contributed to the sex difference. Future research should take these differences in self-rated health and determinants between women and men into account when investigating health among older migrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena D Sialino
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - H A H Wijnhoven
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S H van Oostrom
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - H S J Picavet
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - M Visser
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L A Schaap
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Cai A, Chen C, Wang J, Ou Y, Nie Z, Feng Y. Life's Essential 8 and risk of incident heart failure in community population without cardiovascular disease: Results of the sub-cohort of China PEACE Million Persons Project. Prev Med 2024; 178:107797. [PMID: 38065339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The American Heart Association has introduced the Life's Essential 8 metrics to evaluate and promote cardiovascular health (CVH) and we aimed to evaluate the association of CVH and incident heart failure (HF). METHODS The China PEACE Million Persons Project is a population-based cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening study. This was a sub-cohort of the project that included individuals free of CVD at baseline. Components and classifications of CVH, including diet, physical activity, smoking status, sleep status, body mass index (BMI), non-high density lipoprotein (non-HDL), blood glucose and blood pressure, were determined based on the Life's Essential 8. CVH status was categorized as poor, intermediate and ideal status. HF cases were identified by linking hospital records. RESULTS Among the cohort (n = 38,571, median age 54 years and women 60.5%), proportion of individuals with poor, intermediate and ideal CVH was 30.7%, 56.9% and 12.4%. After a median follow-up of 3.56 years, the incidence of HF in individuals with poor, intermediate and ideal CVH was 2.5%, 1.1% and 0.5% respectively. Compared to poor CVH, intermediate (adjusted HR: 0.52 [95% CI: 0.43-0.61]) and ideal CVH (adjusted HR: 0.38 [95% CI: 0.26-0.57]) were associated with a lower HF risk. A gradient of association between CVH and HF risk was observed (P-trend<0.001). Ideal physical activity, ideal smoking status, and intermediate and ideal status of BMI, blood glucose and blood pressure were associated with a lower HF risk. CONCLUSION Poor CVH was associated with an increased risk of HF, and promotion of CVH may help prevent HF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anping Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chaolei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Epidemiology, Global Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Sothern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanqiu Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhiqiang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Epidemiology, Global Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Sothern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Yingqing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Vasiliadis HM, Spagnolo J, Fleury MJ, Gouin JP, Roberge P, Bartram M, Grenier S, Shen-Tu G, Vena JE, Wang J. Mental health service use and associated predisposing, enabling and need factors in community living adults and older adults across Canada. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:357. [PMID: 37046270 PMCID: PMC10091342 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Using Andersen's model of health care seeking behavior, we examined the predisposing, enabling, and need factors associated with mental health service use (MHSU) during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic across Canada. METHODS The sample included n = 45,542 participants in the 5 established regional cohorts of the Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow's Health (CanPath) and who responded to the CanPath COVID-19 health survey (May-December 2020), with complete data on MHSU. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to study MHSU as a function of predisposing, enabling, and need factors. Analyses were stratified by regional cohort. RESULTS Among the need factors, individuals reporting moderate/severe symptoms of depression and anxiety and poorer self-rated mental health were more likely to report MHSU. Among the enabling factors, receipt of informational/financial/practical support was associated with increased MHSU. While income was not consistently associated with MHSU, reported decrease in income was marginally associated with reduced MHSU. Among the predisposing factors, identifying as female or other gender minority was associated with increased MHSU, as was the presence of past-year cannabis use. In contrast, older age and alcohol consumption were associated with reduced MHSU. CONCLUSION Need factors were consistently associated with MHSU. Although income inequities in MHSU were not observed, changes such as reduced income during the pandemic may lead to barriers in accessing mental health services. Future research should focus on better identifying contextual enabling factors and policies that overcome financial barriers to MHSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen-Maria Vasiliadis
- Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boul. de l'Université, J1K 2R1, Sherbrooke (Québec), Canada.
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne, 150, place Charles‑Le Moyne, C. P. 200, J4K 0A8, Longueuil (Québec), Canada.
| | - Jessica Spagnolo
- Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boul. de l'Université, J1K 2R1, Sherbrooke (Québec), Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne, 150, place Charles‑Le Moyne, C. P. 200, J4K 0A8, Longueuil (Québec), Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Fleury
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 boul., H4H 1R3, LaSalleVerdun (Québec), Canada
- McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke St W, H3A 0G4, Montreal (Québec), Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gouin
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke West, H4B 1R6, Montreal (Québec), Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, 4545 Queen Mary Rd, H3W 1W6, Montreal (Québec), Canada
| | - Pasquale Roberge
- Département de médecine familiale et d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boul. de l'Université, J1K 2R1, Sherbrooke (Québec), Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue N Porte 6, J1H 5N4, Sherbrooke (Québec), Canada
| | - Mary Bartram
- Mental Health Commission of Canada, 350 Albert St #1210, K1R 1A4, Ottawa (Ontario), Canada
- School of Public Policy & Administration, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, K1S 5B6, Ottawa (Ontario), Canada
| | - Sébastien Grenier
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, 4545 Queen Mary Rd, H3W 1W6, Montreal (Québec), Canada
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90, avenue Vincent d'Indy, H2V 2S9, Montréal (Québec), Canada
| | - Grace Shen-Tu
- Alberta's Tomorrow Project, Cancer Research & Analytics, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, 1820 Richmond Road SW, T2T 5C7, Calgary (Alberta), Canada
| | - Jennifer E Vena
- Alberta's Tomorrow Project, Cancer Research & Analytics, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, 1820 Richmond Road SW, T2T 5C7, Calgary (Alberta), Canada
| | - JianLi Wang
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, 5790 University Avenue, B3H 1V7, Halifax (Nova Scotia), Canada
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Moody JN, Valerio KE, Hasselbach AN, Prieto S, Logue MW, Hayes SM, Hayes JP. Body Mass Index and Polygenic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease Predict Conversion to Alzheimer's Disease. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1415-1422. [PMID: 33880516 PMCID: PMC8277084 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) although the relationship is complex. Obesity in midlife is associated with increased risk for AD, whereas evidence supports both higher and lower BMI increasing risk for AD in late life. This study examined the influence of individual differences in genetic risk for AD to further clarify the relationship between late-life BMI and conversion to AD. Participants included 52 individuals diagnosed as having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at baseline who converted to AD within 24 months and 52 matched MCI participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. BMI was measured at baseline. Genetic risk for AD was assessed via genome-wide polygenic risk scores. Conditional logistic regression models were run to determine if BMI and polygenic risk predicted conversion to AD. Results showed an interaction between BMI and genetic risk, such that individuals with lower BMI and higher polygenic risk were more likely to convert to AD relative to individuals with higher BMI. These results remained significant after adjusting for cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of AD. Exploratory sex-stratified analyses revealed this relationship only remained significant in males. These results show that higher genetic risk in the context of lower BMI predicts conversion to AD in the next 24 months, particularly among males. These findings suggest that genetic risk for AD in the context of lower BMI may serve as a prodromal risk factor for future conversion to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena N Moody
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Kate E Valerio
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | | | - Sarah Prieto
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Mark W Logue
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts, USA.,Psychiatry and Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott M Hayes
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.,Chronic Brain Injury Initiative, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Jasmeet P Hayes
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.,Chronic Brain Injury Initiative, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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Al Rifai M, Cainzos-Achirica M, Blaha MJ, Arps K, Wood DA, Blumenthal RS, McEvoy JW. Health Factors Associated with Cardiovascular Wellness. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2019; 21:10. [PMID: 30747344 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-019-0771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we discuss a new paradigm for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevention that is focused on cultivating cardiovascular wellness through the promotion of "health factors." RECENT FINDINGS Cardiovascular prevention efforts have contributed to falling rates of ASCVD over the past five decades. However, contemporary increases in obesity and diabetes have led to a recent slowing in the annual decline of ASCVD death rates. This slowing represents an opportunity for new thinking to change the current ASCVD prevention paradigm, i.e., the identification and treatment or control of risk factors for disease. Indeed, a new paradigm focusing on cultivating cardiovascular wellness in addition to preventing disease is gaining increased traction. With this approach, the goal of ASCVD prevention is shifting to include consideration of both treating "risk factors" and cultivating health factors. Importantly, cardiovascular wellness is more than just the absence of disease and, therefore, risk factors and health factors are not always mere opposites. We review healthy lifestyle tools such as the American Heart Association Life's simple 7 and Fuster-BEWAT score. We summarize landmark studies of interventions aimed at improving adherence to health factors. We highlight the inherent limitations of current studies to adequately examine cardiovascular wellness. We propose new study designs that are required to identify novel health factors and measures of wellness. We conclude with recommendations regarding the utility of health factors and cardiovascular wellness in current practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Al Rifai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita, KS, USA.,Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Miguel Cainzos-Achirica
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Bellvitge University Hospital and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kelly Arps
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David A Wood
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,National University of Ireland, Galway Campus, Galway, Ireland.,National Institute for Preventive Cardiology; and Saolta University Healthcare Group, University College Hospital Galway, Newcastle Rd, Galway, Ireland
| | - Roger S Blumenthal
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John W McEvoy
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,National University of Ireland, Galway Campus, Galway, Ireland. .,National Institute for Preventive Cardiology; and Saolta University Healthcare Group, University College Hospital Galway, Newcastle Rd, Galway, Ireland.
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Sugisawa H, Shimizu Y, Kumagai T, Sugisaki H, Ohira S, Shinoda T. Earthquake Preparedness Among Japanese Hemodialysis Patients in Prefectures Heavily Damaged by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. Ther Apher Dial 2017; 21:334-344. [PMID: 28691214 DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the factors related to earthquake preparedness in Japanese hemodialysis patients. We focused on three aspects of the related factors: health condition factors, social factors, and the experience of disasters. A mail survey of all the members of the Japan Association of Kidney Disease Patients in three Japanese prefectures (N = 4085) was conducted in March, 2013. We obtained 1841 valid responses for analysis. The health factors covered were: activities of daily living (ADL), mental distress, primary renal diseases, and the duration of dialysis. The social factors were: socioeconomic status, family structure, informational social support, and the provision of information regarding earthquake preparedness from dialysis facilities. The results show that the average percentage of participants that had met each criterion of earthquake preparedness in 2013 was 53%. Hemodialysis patients without disabled ADL, without mental distress, and requiring longer periods of dialysis, were likely to meet more of the earthquake preparedness criteria. Hemodialysis patients who had received informational social support from family or friends, had lived with spouse and children in comparison to living alone, and had obtained information regarding earthquake preparedness from dialysis facilities, were also likely to meet more of the earthquake preparedness criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Sugisawa
- Graduate School of Gerontology, J. F. Oberlin University, Machida-city, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Shimizu
- Faculty of Nursing, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Chofu-city, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamaki Kumagai
- School of Nursing, Osaka City University, Osaka-city, Japan
| | | | - Seiji Ohira
- Sapporo Kita Clinic, Sapporo-city, Hokkai-do, Japan
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Ip EH, Leng X, Zhang Q, Schwartz R, Chen SH, Dai S, Labarthe D. Risk profiles of lipids, blood pressure, and anthropometric measures in childhood and adolescence: project heartBeat! BMC Obes 2016; 3:9. [PMID: 26929822 PMCID: PMC4758172 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-016-0090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Many common risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) originate in childhood and adolescence. There is a lack of literature examining variability within study populations, as well as a shortage of simultaneous analyses of CVD risk factors operating in tandem. Methods We used data from Project HeartBeat!-a multi-cohort longitudinal growth study of children and adolescents in the US - for assessing multiple profiles for lipids, blood pressure, and anthropometric measures. Principal component functional curve analysis methods were used to summarize trajectories of multiple measurements. Subsequently less favorable health (high risk) and more favorable (low risk) groups from both female and male cohorts were identified and compared to US national norms. Results Compared to national norms, the high risk groups have increased waist circumference, body mass index, and percent body fat as well as higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The risk profiles also exhibit patterns of convergence and divergence across the high and low risk groups as a function of age. Conclusions These observations may have clinical and public health implications in identifying groups of children at high risk of CVD for earlier interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Haksing Ip
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Xiaoyan Leng
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Robert Schwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Shyh-Huei Chen
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Shifan Dai
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Darwin Labarthe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
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