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Lee FT, Williams J, Nordgren R, Schwarz JL, Setia N, Roggin K, Polite B, Rangrass G, Liao CY, Millis JM, Keutgen XM. Single center outcomes from parenchymal-sparing resections and microwave ablations for neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases. Am J Surg 2024; 229:17-23. [PMID: 37802701 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reported outcomes after surgical debulking in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases (NETLM) are sparse. METHODS NETLM patients that underwent surgical debulking from 2019 to 2021 were reviewed. Trends in perioperative liver function, complications, symptom response, and progression-free survival were examined. RESULTS 1069 liver lesions were debulked from 53 patients using a combination of parenchymal-sparing resections (PSR) and ultrasound-guided microwave ablations (MWA). Post-operative transaminitis and thrombocytopenia were common, and severity correlated with increasing number of lesions. Laboratory markers for synthetic liver function did not differ according to the number of lesions debulked. 13% of patients sustained a Clavien-Dindo grade 3 or 4 complication which was not associated with the number of lesions targeted. All patients with preoperative symptoms had improvement after surgery. Median time to progression was 10.9 months. CONCLUSIONS PSR with MWA for large numbers of NETLM is safe and effective for symptom control and does not affect synthetic liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances T Lee
- Southern Illinois University, Department of Surgery. 701 N. 1st St, Springfield IL 62794, USA
| | - Jelani Williams
- University of Chicago, Department of Surgery. 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - Rachel Nordgren
- University of Chicago, Department of Public Health Sciences. 5481 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason L Schwarz
- University of Chicago, Department of Surgery. 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - Namrata Setia
- University of Chicago, Department of Pathology. 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - Kevin Roggin
- University of Chicago, Department of Surgery. 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - Blase Polite
- University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology. 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - Govind Rangrass
- University of Chicago, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care. 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - Chih-Yi Liao
- University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology. 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - J Michael Millis
- University of Chicago, Department of Surgery. 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - Xavier M Keutgen
- University of Chicago, Department of Surgery. 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago IL 60637, USA.
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Que QY, Zhang LC, Bao JQ, Ling SB, Xu X. Role of surgical treatments in high-grade or advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. World J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 14:397-408. [PMID: 35734618 PMCID: PMC9160682 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v14.i5.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last 40 years, the incidence and prevalence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) have continued to increase. Compared to other epithelial neoplasms in the same organ, GEP-NENs exhibit indolent biological behavior, resulting in more chances to undergo surgery. However, the role of surgery in high-grade or advanced GEP-NENs is still controversial. Surgery is associated with survival improvement of well-differentiated high-grade GEP-NENs, whereas poorly differentiated GEP-NENs that may benefit from resection require careful selection based on Ki67 and other tissue biomarkers. Additionally, surgery also plays an important role in locally advanced and metastatic disease. For locally advanced GEP-NENs, isolated major vascular involvement is no longer an absolute contraindication. In the setting of metastatic GEP-NENs, radical intended surgery is recommended for patients with low-grade and resectable metastases. For unresectable metastatic disease, a variety of surgical approaches, including cytoreduction of liver metastasis, liver transplantation, and surgery after neoadjuvant treatment, show survival benefits. Primary tumor resection in GEP-NENs with unresectable metastatic disease is associated with symptom control, prolonged survival, and improved sensitivity toward systemic therapies. Although there is no established neoadjuvant or adjuvant strategy, increasing attention has been given to this emerging research area. Some studies have reported that neoadjuvant therapy effectively reduces tumor burden, improves the effectiveness of subsequent surgery, and decreases surgical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yang Que
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin-Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Bao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sun-Bin Ling
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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Das S, Berlin J. Systemic Therapy Improvements Will Render Locoregional Treatments Obsolete for Patients with Cancer with Liver Metastases. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2021; 30:189-204. [PMID: 33220805 PMCID: PMC7684942 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic metastases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality for patients with cancer. Apart from curative resection, which offers patients the potential for long-term survival, an array of locoregional therapies, with limited evidence of improving survival, are used to treat them. The authors use examples from the realm of gastrointestinal cancer, largely focusing on the experience of patients with neuroendocrine cancer, hepatobiliary cancer, and colorectal cancer, to suggest that current systemic therapies offer, at minimum, similar survival outcomes for patients compared with these locoregional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Das
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 777 Preston Research Building, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Jordan Berlin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 777 Preston Research Building, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. https://twitter.com/jordanberlin5
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