Rossetti B, Bai F, Tavelli A, Galli M, Antinori A, Castelli F, Pellizzer G, Cozzi-Lepri A, Bonora S, Monforte AD, Puoti M, De Luca A. Evolution of the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and hepatitis C virus genotype distribution in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Italy between 1997 and 2015.
Clin Microbiol Infect 2017;
24:422-427. [PMID:
28765078 DOI:
10.1016/j.cmi.2017.07.021]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To analyse the variation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence and genotype distribution and their determinants in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who entered care between 1997 and 2015.
METHODS
HIV-infected patients enrolled in ICONA who were tested for HCV antibodies (HCV-Ab) were included.
RESULTS
Overall 3407 of 12 135 (28.1%) were HCV-Ab+; and 735 of 12 135 (6.1%) were HBsAg+. Among patients whose HCV genotype was known, the most represented were genotypes 1 and 3. The prevalence of HCV infection decreased from 49.2% (2565/5217) during 1997-2002 to 10.2% (556/5466) during 2009-2015. The frequency of genotype 1a increased from 29.0% (264/911) to 43.0% (129/300), whereas genotype 3 decreased from 38.5% (351/911) to 27.0% (81/300). Independent predictors of HCV-Ab+ status were being female (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.23, 95% CI 1.04-1.50, p = 0.01), risk category (versus injecting drug users: men who have sex with men AOR 0.01, 95% CI 0.01-0.01, p <0.001; heterosexuals AOR 0.01, 95% CI 0.01-0.01, p <0.001; other/unknown AOR 0.02, 95% CI 0.01-0.02, p <0.001), being cared for in Central Italy (versus being cared for in Northern Italy: AOR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-0.98, p <0.001), being Italian-born (AOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.16-1.80, p = 0.001) and being enrolled in less recent calendar years (versus 1997-2002: 2009-2015 AOR 0.23, 95% CI 0.19-0.27, p <0.001; 2003-2008 AOR 0.49, 95% CI 0.41-0.61, p <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of HCV infection in HIV-infected patients entering into care in Italy significantly declined in more recent calendar years. After adjusting for risk factors and calendar years, HCV co-infection was more frequent in females and in those born in Italy.
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