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Denda T, Natori T, Tanabe M, Horiuchi K, Koide S, Nagano Y, Nagano N. Comparative analysis of bla NDM-1-carrying plasmids harboured by four different Acinetobacter species from hospital environments and patients during 2018-2022. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2024; 36:62-64. [PMID: 38122984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Denda
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Natori
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Mizuki Tanabe
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kazuki Horiuchi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Shota Koide
- Department of Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Nagano, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nagano
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagano
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan; Department of Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Nagano, Japan.
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Ishino N, Miyaji C, Ogata M, Inada M, Nagata M, Shimamoto M. Applicability of the ATP assay in monitoring the cleanliness of hospital environments. Infect Dis Health 2024; 29:32-38. [PMID: 37989685 DOI: 10.1016/j.idh.2023.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay is widely used for simple and rapid evaluation of the cleanliness of environmental surfaces. However, there remain concerns regarding the reliability of the ATP assay in hospital settings. This study aimed to assess whether the ATP assay could detect inadequate cleaning within hospital environments as well as monitor the effectiveness of routine cleaning. METHODS The cleanliness of seven types of high-touch surfaces in operating rooms that were routinely cleaned was evaluated by testing the ATP assay and aerobic colony counts (ACC). For pressure redistribution mattresses (Soft-nurse®) that were found to be particularly at risk of infection, cleaning methods were improved, and the effectiveness of these improvements was monitored using the same two methods. RESULTS The ATP assay quantitatively detected contamination on seven high-touch surfaces but showed no correlation with ACC. However, a significant positive correlation between luminescence and ACC was found on one specific surface, allowing for determining a theoretical cutoff value. Additionally, the ATP assay effectively identified the risk of future infection, which the ACC test could not assess. CONCLUSIONS The ATP assay can monitor the effectiveness of routine cleaning by setting a theoretical cutoff value for each subject. The method provides quantitative and meaningful values when used with an understanding of its limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoaki Ishino
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Hokuriku University, 1-1 Taiyogaoka, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1180, Japan; Division of Respiratory and Circulatory Systems, Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, 2-4-20 Ogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8480, Japan.
| | - Chiharu Miyaji
- Department of Nursing, Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, 2-4-20 Ogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8480, Japan
| | - Megumi Ogata
- Department of Nursing, Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, 2-4-20 Ogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8480, Japan
| | - Miki Inada
- Department of Nursing, Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, 2-4-20 Ogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8480, Japan
| | - Mayu Nagata
- Department of Nursing Management, Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, 2-4-20 Ogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8480, Japan
| | - Mayumi Shimamoto
- Department of Nursing, Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital, 2-4-20 Ogimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka 530-8480, Japan
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Moniruzzaman M, Hussain MT, Ali S, Hossain M, Hossain MS, Alam MAU, Galib FC, Islam MT, Paul P, Islam MS, Siddiqee MH, Mondal D, Parveen S, Mahmud ZH. Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from patients and surrounding hospital environments in Bangladesh: A molecular approach for the determination of pathogenicity and resistance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22109. [PMID: 38027708 PMCID: PMC10679508 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) is a primary concern for hospital and community healthcare settings, often linked to an increased incidence of nosocomial infections. This study investigated the characteristics of ESBL E. coli isolated from hospital environments and clinical samples. In total, 117 ESBL E. coli isolates were obtained. The isolates were subjected to molecular analysis for the presence of resistance and virulence genes, antibiotic susceptibility testing, quantitative adherence assay, ERIC-PCR for phylogenetic analysis and whole genome sequencing of four highly drug resistant isolates. Out of the 117 isolates, 68.4% were positive for blaCTX-M, 39.3% for blaTEM, 30.8% for blaNDM-1, 13.7% for blaOXA and 1.7% for blaSHV gene. Upon screening for diarrheagenic genes, no isolates were found to harbour any of the tested genes. In the case of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) virulence factors, 7.6%, 11%, 5.9%, 4.3% and 21.2% of isolates harbored the focG, kpsMII, sfaS, afa and iutA genes, respectively. At a temperature of 25°C, 14.5% of isolates exhibited strong biofilm formation with 21.4% and 28.2% exhibiting moderate and weak biofilm formation respectively, whereas 35.9% were non-biofilm formers. On the other hand at 37°C, 2.6% of isolates showed strong biofilm formation with 3.4% and 31.6% showing moderate and weak biofilm formation respectively, whereas, 62.4% were non-biofilm formers. Regarding antibiotic susceptibility testing, all isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 30 isolates being highly drug resistant. ERIC-PCR resulted in 12 clusters, with cluster E-10 containing the maximum number of isolates. Hierarchical clustering and correlation analysis revealed associations between environmental and clinical isolates, indicating likely transmission and dissemination from the hospital environment to the patients. The whole genome sequencing of four highly drug resistant ExPEC isolates showed the presence of various antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence factors and mobile genetic elements, with isolates harbouring the plasmid incompatibility group IncF (FII, FIB, FIA). The sequenced isolates were identified as human pathogens with a 93.3% average score. This study suggests that ESBL producing E. coli are prevalent in the healthcare settings of Bangladesh, acting as a potential reservoir for AMR bacteria. This information may have a profound effect on treatment, and improvements in public healthcare policies are a necessity to combat the increased incidences of hospital-acquired infections in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Moniruzzaman
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Mohammed Tanveer Hussain
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
- Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Mohakhali-66, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sobur Ali
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Monir Hossain
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Md. Sakib Hossain
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Atique Ul Alam
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Faisal Chowdhury Galib
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tamzid Islam
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA
| | - Partha Paul
- BCSIR Rajshahi Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shafiqul Islam
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubul H. Siddiqee
- Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Mohakhali-66, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Dinesh Mondal
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Shahana Parveen
- Emerging Infections, Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Zahid Hayat Mahmud
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Health Systems and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
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Bakri MM. Molecular characterization and prevalence of Bacillus species isolated from Saudi hospitals. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 18:444-454. [PMID: 36818182 PMCID: PMC9932558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study highlighted the dissemination of Bacillus species (including drug-resistant species) in public hospital environments and calls for the design of optimal strategies to curb their spread. This a critical consideration for all health care systems such as caring for the increasing number of immune-compromised patient. Methods A total of 528 swab samples were collected from the environments of different Saudi hospitals. Swab samples were collected by swabbing approximately 5 cm2 of different surfaces at each site using pre-moisturized cotton swabs with 1 mL of neutralizing buffer. The swabs were transported in cool boxes with ice packs within 2 h of collection. Isolation and identification were performed according to conventional bacteriological, semi-automated and molecular characterization methods. Antibiogram typing was carried against different groups of antimicrobial agents. Results The most prevalent of the isolated Bacillus species were Bacillus cereus (46.6%) followed by Bacillus subtilis (38.1%); the least prevalent was Bacillus pumilus (1.1%). Most Bacillus isolates (25.6%) were isolated from the Department of Internal Medicine followed by the Emergency Department (18.8%), while the operating rooms had the lowest prevalence (4.5%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high levels of resistance in Bacillus isolates to β-lactams and tetracycline. Overall, 21.6% of isolates showed multi-drug resistance to three or more antibiotics (21.6%). Antibiogram typing of the 176 isolates revealed 45 antibiotypes; the most common was antibiotype 31, which included 32 isolates (18.2%); this particular antibiotype was resistant to both penicillin and cefoxitin. Conclusions Analyses identified the high dissemination of Bacillus species in several hospital environments with high resistance to β-lactams and tetracycline antibiotics. Molecular analysis also revealed the existence of genetic diversity among the Bacillus isolates investigated. Thus, monitoring the hospital environment is an important tool in the prevention of hospital-associated infection by Bacillus species.
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Li W, Yang Z, Hu J, Wang B, Rong H, Li Z, Sun Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Xu H. Evaluation of culturable 'last-resort' antibiotic resistant pathogens in hospital wastewater and implications on the risks of nosocomial antimicrobial resistance prevalence. J Hazard Mater 2022; 438:129477. [PMID: 35780736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has been recognized as an important emerging environmental pollutant. 'Last-resort' antibiotics including tigecycline, polymyxin E, daptomycin, vancomycin and linezolid are the 'last line of defence' for antibiotic resistant pathogen infections. Therefore, the presence of 'last-resort' antibiotic resistant pathogens in hospital environments and the nosocomial transmission of 'last-resort' antibiotic resistance poses a grave threat to the well-being of patients. In this work, the extent of resistance to 'last-resort' antibiotics in culturable pathogens in hospital wastewater was investigated. Resistance to 'last-resort' antibiotics were quantified for 1384 culturable Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, and Pseudomonas strains. With these investigations, several significant findings were made: (1) a very high level of resistance to 'last-resort' antibiotics was found; (2) multiple resistance to antibiotics, including 'last-resort' antibiotics, was prevalent; (3) a high level of 'last-resort' antibiotic resistance phenotype-genotype inconsistency was found, suggesting knowledge gap for resistance mechanisms; 4) tet(X4)-containing tigecycline-resistant Gram-positive pathogens were found for the first time; 5) wastewater treatment processes are effective in preventing the release of 'last-resort' antibiotic resistant pathogens to the environment. This investigation reveals the severe situation on 'last-resort' resistance in the hospital environment, and implies high risk for nosocomial transmission of 'last-resort' antibiotic resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; Division of Science and Technology, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China
| | - Zhongjun Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Jiamin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Bianfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Hao Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Ziyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Yunkun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xuhua Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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Engda T, Moges F, Gelaw A, Eshete S, Mekonnen F. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Entrobacteriaceae in the University of Gondar Referral Hospital environments, northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:335. [PMID: 29788988 PMCID: PMC5964971 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3443-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed at assessing the magnitude, distribution, and the antimicrobial susceptibility of the extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Entrobacteriaceae in the University of Gondar Referral Hospital environments. RESULTS Out of a total of 384 samples, 14.8% were ESBL producing Entrobacteriaceae, where 42.10% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 35.09% Escherchia coli and 7.01% Proteus mirabilis were the predominant isolates. Most ESBL producing isolates, that is, 24.56, 22.8, and 22.8% were found from waste water, sinks and bedside tables respectively. All ESBL producing Entrobacteriaceae were found to be resistant to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefpirome, cefpodoxime, and amoxicillin with Clavulanic acid. Resistance rate was also high for non-beta-lactam antimicrobials, like chloramphenicol (70.18%), cotrimoxazole (64.91%), norfloxacin (42.10%), ciprofloxacin (43.86%), and gentamicin (19.30%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tigist Engda
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Feleke Moges
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Aschalew Gelaw
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Setegn Eshete
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Feleke Mekonnen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
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