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Yao RQ, Zhao PY, Li ZX, Liu YY, Zheng LY, Duan Y, Wang L, Yang RL, Kang HJ, Hao JW, Li JY, Dong N, Wu Y, Du XH, Zhu F, Ren C, Wu GS, Xia ZF, Yao YM. Single-cell transcriptome profiling of sepsis identifies HLA-DR lowS100A high monocytes with immunosuppressive function. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:27. [PMID: 37337301 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustained yet intractable immunosuppression is commonly observed in septic patients, resulting in aggravated clinical outcomes. However, due to the substantial heterogeneity within septic patients, precise indicators in deciphering clinical trajectories and immunological alterations for septic patients remain largely lacking. METHODS We adopted cross-species, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis based on two published datasets containing circulating immune cell profile of septic patients as well as immune cell atlas of murine model of sepsis. Flow cytometry, laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) imaging and Western blotting were applied to identify the presence of S100A9+ monocytes at protein level. To interrogate the immunosuppressive function of this subset, splenic monocytes isolated from septic wild-type or S100a9-/- mice were co-cultured with naïve CD4+ T cells, followed by proliferative assay. Pharmacological inhibition of S100A9 was implemented using Paquinimod via oral gavage. RESULTS ScRNA-seq analysis of human sepsis revealed substantial heterogeneity in monocyte compartments following the onset of sepsis, for which distinct monocyte subsets were enriched in disparate subclusters of septic patients. We identified a unique monocyte subset characterized by high expression of S100A family genes and low expression of human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR), which were prominently enriched in septic patients and might exert immunosuppressive function. By combining single-cell transcriptomics of murine model of sepsis with in vivo experiments, we uncovered a similar subtype of monocyte significantly associated with late sepsis and immunocompromised status of septic mice, corresponding to HLA-DRlowS100Ahigh monocytes in human sepsis. Moreover, we found that S100A9+ monocytes exhibited profound immunosuppressive function on CD4+ T cell immune response and blockade of S100A9 using Paquinimod could partially reverse sepsis-induced immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies HLA-DRlowS100Ahigh monocytes correlated with immunosuppressive state upon septic challenge, inhibition of which can markedly mitigate sepsis-induced immune depression, thereby providing a novel therapeutic strategy for the management of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Qi Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Peng-Yue Zhao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhi-Xuan Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yu-Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Li-Yu Zheng
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Rong-Li Yang
- Intensive Care Unit, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116033, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong-Jun Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ji-Wei Hao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jing-Yan Li
- Department of Emergency, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Ning Dong
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Du
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Wu
- Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Zhao-Fan Xia
- Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of Burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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