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Alqatari S, Nemer A, Hasan M, Bukhari R, Al Argan R, Al Khafaji D, Alwaheed A, Alzaki A, Al-wazza M, Al Warthan S, Al Saeed A, Albeladi F, Almeer H, AlSulaiman R, Abu Quren A. COVID-19 in patients with rheumatological diseases in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. J Med Life 2023; 16:873-882. [PMID: 37675163 PMCID: PMC10478665 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The severity of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its effects remain unpredictable. Certain factors, such as obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, may increase the severity of the disease. Rheumatology experts suggest that patients with active autoimmune conditions and controlled autoimmune diseases on immunosuppressive therapy may be at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19. In this retrospective observational study, we aimed to examine the patterns of COVID-19 in patients with underlying rheumatological diseases and their association with disease severity and hospital outcomes. A total of 34 patients with underlying rheumatological diseases who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were included between March 2020 and April 2021 at King Fahd Hospital of the University. The study population consisted of 76.47% female and 23.53% male patients, with a mean age ranging from 20 to 40 years. Female gender (p=0.0001) and younger age (p=0.004) were associated with milder disease. The most frequent rheumatological disease was systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (38.24%), which was associated with a milder infection (p=0.045). Patients treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) had a milder disease course (p=0.0037). Hypertension was significantly associated with severe COVID-19 disease (p=0.037). There was no significant relationship between SLE and the need for ICU admission. Patients on hydroxychloroquine and MMF tended to develop milder disease, and there was no association between the severity of the infection and the treatment with steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safi Alqatari
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameera Nemer
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Hasan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Bukhari
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Al Argan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dania Al Khafaji
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Alwaheed
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Alzaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Al-wazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Al Warthan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abir Al Saeed
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feda Albeladi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashim Almeer
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem AlSulaiman
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abu Quren
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
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Ding J, Zhou D, Sui M, Meng R, Chandra A, Han J, Ding Y, Ji X. The effect of normobaric oxygen in patients with acute stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurol Res 2018; 40:433-444. [PMID: 29600891 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1454091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Normobaric oxygen (NBO) has received considerable attention due to controversial data in brain protection in patients with acute stroke. This study aims to analyze current data of NBO on brain protection as used in the clinic. Methods We searched for and reviewed relevant articles and references from Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and Clincialtrials.gov that were published prior to October 2017. Data from prospective studies were processed using RevMan5.0 software, provided by Cochrane collaboration and transformed using relevant formulas. Results A total of 11 prospective RCT studies including 6366 patients with acute stroke (NBO group, 3207; control group, 3159) were enrolled in this analysis. △NIHSS represented the values of NIHSS at 4, 24 h, or 7 days post-stroke minus baseline NIHSS. Compared to controls, there was a minor trend toward NBO benefits in short-term prognostic indices, as indicated by decreased ΔNIHSS at our defined time points. By contrast, NBO decreased Barthel Index scores between 3 and 7 months, and increased death rates at 3, 6 months, and 1 year, whereas, modified Rankin Scale scores between 3 and 6 months were unchanged. Conclusions The existing trends toward benefits revealed in this meta-analysis help us appreciate the promising value of NBO, although current evidence of NBO on improving clinical outcomes of stroke is insufficient. Well-designed multi-center clinical trials are encouraged and urgently needed to further explore the efficacy of NBO on brain protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Ding
- a Department of Neurology , Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.,b Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing , China
| | - Da Zhou
- a Department of Neurology , Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.,b Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing , China
| | - Meng Sui
- c Department of Economics , Fordham University , Bronx , NY , USA
| | - Ran Meng
- a Department of Neurology , Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.,b Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing , China
| | - Ankush Chandra
- d Department of Neurosurgery , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA.,e Department of Neurosurgery , University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, CA , USA
| | - Jie Han
- f Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- d Department of Neurosurgery , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Xunming Ji
- b Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing , China.,g Department of Neurosurgery , Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
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