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Pudlarz AM, Ranoszek-Soliwoda K, Karbownik MS, Czechowska E, Tomaszewska E, Celichowski G, Grobelny J, Chabielska E, Gromotowicz-Popławska A, Szemraj J. Antioxidant enzymes immobilized on gold and silver nanoparticles enhance DNA repairing systems of rat skin after exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Nanomedicine 2022; 43:102558. [PMID: 35390524 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate in vivo whether the application of immobilized superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) could enhance DNA repairing systems and reduce level of CPD (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers) and 6-4PP ((6-4) pyrimidine-pyrimidone photoproducts), and whether the immobilization on gold (AuNPs) and silver (AgNPs) nanoparticles affects the outcome. The study presents secondary analysis of our previous research. Three-day application of SOD and CAT in all forms of solution decreased the levels of CPD and 6-4PP boosted by UV irradiation. The mRNA expression level of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system genes (XPA, XPC, ERCC1, ERCC2, ERCC3, LIG1) increased after application of immobilized and free enzymes. Increased by UV irradiation, p53 mRNA expression level normalized with the enzyme application. In conclusion, application of free and immobilized antioxidant enzymes accelerates removal of harmful effects of UV radiation in the rat skin by increasing expression level of NER genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka M Pudlarz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | | | - Michał S Karbownik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Czechowska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Emilia Tomaszewska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Celichowski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Chabielska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Department of Medicine, Lazarski University, Warsaw, Poland.
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