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Liu J, Wang J, Wang Z, Li M, Liang C, Yang Y, Li D, Wang R. Alleviation of iron deficiency in pear by ammonium nitrate and nitric oxide. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:434. [PMID: 36089596 PMCID: PMC9465966 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron is essential for the growth and development of trace elements in plants, and iron deficiency can lead to leaf chlorosis. Ammonium and nitrate are the major forms of nitrogen present in soils. Ammonium nitrate alleviates the chlorosis of leaves caused by iron deficiency, but the mechanism is not clear in pear. RESULTS Ammonium nitrate induced the increase of nitric oxide (NO) under iron deficiency. We further analyzed the effect of NO by exogenous NO treatment. The results showed that ammonium nitrate and NO increased the activity of ferric chelate reductase. NO induced the expression of multiple IRT genes and promoted the transmembrane transport of irons. Ammonium nitrate and NO promoted the activity of nitrogen assimilation-related enzymes and the nitrogen absorption capacity, and they also increased glutamine synthetase activity. Finally, ammonium nitrate and NO increased chlorophyll synthesis, with subsequent increase in the photosynthetic capacity of plants and accumulation of biomass. CONCLUSION Ammonium nitrate indirectly alleviates the symptoms of plant yellowing by promoting the increase of NO, which increases the response of iron transporters. Both substances increase the nitrogen accumulation in plants. This study demonstrates a new option for minimizing Fe deficiency by regulating the balance between nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Liu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jinzhu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zidong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chenglin Liang
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200, China
| | - Yingjie Yang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Dingli Li
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ran Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Zheng X, Chen H, Su Q, Wang C, Sha G, Ma C, Sun Z, Yang X, Li X, Tian Y. Resveratrol improves the iron deficiency adaptation of Malus baccata seedlings by regulating iron absorption. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:433. [PMID: 34556040 PMCID: PMC8459475 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resveratrol (Res), a phytoalexin, has been widely reported to participate in plant resistance to fungal infections. However, little information is available on its role in abiotic stress, especially in iron deficiency stress. Malus baccata is widely used as apple rootstock in China, but it is sensitive to iron deficiency. RESULTS In this study, we investigated the role of exogenous Res in M. baccata seedings under iron deficiency stress. Results showed that applying 100 μM exogenous Res could alleviate iron deficiency stress. The seedlings treated with Res had a lower etiolation rate and higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate compared with the apple seedlings without Res treatment. Exogenous Res increased the iron content in the roots and leaves by inducing the expression of MbAHA genes and improving the H+-ATPase activity. As a result, the rhizosphere pH decreased, iron solubility increased, the expression of MbFRO2 and MbIRT1 was induced, and the ferric-chelated reductase activity was enhanced to absorb large amounts of Fe2+ into the root cells under iron deficiency conditions. Moreover, exogenous Res application increased the contents of IAA, ABA, and GA3 and decreased the contents of DHZR and BL for responding to iron deficiency stress indirectly. In addition, Res functioned as an antioxidant that strengthened the activities of antioxidant enzymes and thus eliminated reactive oxygen species production induced by iron deficiency stress. CONCLUSION Resveratrol improves the iron deficiency adaptation of M. baccata seedlings mainly by regulating iron absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Huifang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qiufang Su
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Guangli Sha
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultrual Science, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Changqing Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhijuan Sun
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xueqing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yike Tian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China.
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticulture Plants, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Satbhai SB, Göschl C, Busch W. Automated High-Throughput Root Phenotyping of Arabidopsis thaliana Under Nutrient Deficiency Conditions. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1610:135-53. [PMID: 28439862 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7003-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The central question of genetics is how a genotype determines the phenotype of an organism. Genetic mapping approaches are a key for finding answers to this question. In particular, genome-wide association (GWA) studies have been rapidly adopted to study the architecture of complex quantitative traits. This was only possible due to the improvement of high-throughput and low-cost phenotyping methodologies. In this chapter we provide a detailed protocol for obtaining root trait data from the model species Arabidopsis thaliana using the semiautomated, high-throughput phenotyping pipeline BRAT (Busch-lab Root Analysis Toolchain) for early root growth under the stress condition of iron deficiency. Extracted root trait data can be directly used to perform GWA mapping using the freely accessible web application GWAPP to identify marker polymorphisms associated with the phenotype of interest.
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Pan H, Wang Y, Zha Q, Yuan M, Yin L, Wu T, Zhang X, Xu X, Han Z. Iron deficiency stress can induce MxNRAMP1 protein endocytosis in M. xiaojinensis. Gene 2015; 567:225-34. [PMID: 25943636 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional disorders in plants, especially in fruit trees grown in calcareous soil. Iron deficiency stress can induce a series of adaptive responses in plants, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of which remain unclear. NRAMPs (natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins) play an important role in divalent metal ion transportation. RESULTS In this study, we cloned MxNRAMP1, an NRAMP family gene from a highly iron-efficient apple genotype, Malus xiaojinensis. Further research showed that iron deficiency stress could induce MxNRAMP1 expression in roots and leaves. A protoplast transient expression system and immune electron microscopy localization techniques were used to prove that MxNRAMP1 mainly exists in the plasma membrane and vesicles. Interestingly, iron deficiency stress could induce the MxNRAMP protein to transport iron ions to specific organelles (lysosome and chloroplast) through vesicle endocytosis. Stable transgenic tobacco showed that MxNRAMP1 over-expression could promote iron absorption and accumulation in plants, and increase the plant's resistance against iron deficiency stress. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that, in M. xiaojinensis, MxNRAMP1 not only plays an important role in iron absorption and transportation, it can also produce adaptive responses against iron deficiency through endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa Pan
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crop, Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Yi Wang
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qian Zha
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mudan Yuan
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lili Yin
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ting Wu
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | | | - Xuefeng Xu
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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