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Ichikawa S, Kumai T, Okunuki T, Maemichi T, Matsumoto M, Yabiku H, Liu Z, Yamaguchi R, Iwayama A, Ayukawa G, Akiyama Y, Mitsui H, Niki H. Comparison of foot posture and foot muscle morphology between lifesaver athletes and healthy adults. Res Sports Med 2021:1-11. [PMID: 34802357 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2021.2002330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the foot muscle morphology and foot posture between healthy adults and lifesavers in sandy beach sports. The participants included 15 lifesaver athletes and 15 healthy adults. Using a non-contact three-dimensional foot measurement device, the foot length, width, and arch height of the right foot were measured while standing and sitting without back support, and the transverse arch length ratio and arch height index were subsequently calculated. Muscle cross-sectional area was measured using an ultrasound imaging device. Muscle cross-sectional areas, arch height, foot width, arch height index, and transverse arch length ratio were larger in the lifesaver than in the healthy adult group. Lifesavers had higher arches and more developed intrinsic and extrinsic muscles than healthy adults. Performing physical activity while barefoot on sandy beaches may effectively develop the foot intrinsic and extrinsic muscles and raise the arch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Ichikawa
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kumai
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Takumi Okunuki
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | | | - Masatomo Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Kuwana City Medicine Center, Mie, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yabiku
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Zijian Liu
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Ryusei Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Arina Iwayama
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Goro Ayukawa
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Yui Akiyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mitsui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hisateru Niki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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