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Calderón-Pérez L, Suárez-García S, Pedret A, Suárez M, Llauradó E, Rubió L, Del Bas JM, Caimari A, Puiggrós F, Arola L, Solà R, Valls RM. Serum lysophospholipidome of dietary origin as a suitable susceptibility/risk biomarker of human hypercholesterolemia: A cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr 2021; 41:489-499. [PMID: 35007817 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Whether bioactive lysophospholipids (lyso-PLs) and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) serve as non-invasive biomarkers in early human hypercholesterolemia (HC) is unknown. This study aimed to assess whether serum lyso-PLs and plasma TMAO may be suitable susceptibility/risk biomarkers of HC in humans. Secondarily, we aimed to evaluate the relationships between targeted metabolites, diet composition and circulating liver transaminases, and verify these results in hamsters. METHODS A targeted metabolomics and lipidomics approach determined plasma TMAO and serum lysophosphatidylcholines (lyso-PCs) and lysophosphatidylethanolamines (lyso-PEs) in low (L-LDL-c) and moderate to high (MH-LDL-c) LDL-cholesterol subjects. Additionally, the relationships between targeted metabolites, liver transaminases and diet, particularly fatty acid intake, were tested. In parallel, plasma and liver lyso-PL profiles were studied in 16 hamsters fed a moderate high-fat (HFD) or low-fat (LFD) diet for 30 days. RESULTS Predictive models identified lyso-PC15:0 and lyso-PE18:2 as the most discriminant lyso-PLs among groups. In MH-LDL-c (n = 48), LDL-cholesterol and saturated FAs were positively associated with lyso-PC15:0, whereas in L-LDL-c (n = 70), LDL-cholesterol and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were negatively and positively related to lyso-PE18:2, respectively. Interestingly, in MH-LDL-c, the lower lyso-PE 18:2 concentrations were indicative of higher LDL-cholesterol levels. Intrahepatic accumulation of lyso-PLs-containing essential n-6 PUFAs, including lyso-PE18:2, were higher in HFD-fed hamsters than LFD-fed hamsters. CONCLUSIONS Overall, results revealed a possible hepatic adaptive mechanism to counteract diet-induced steatosis in animal and hypercholesterolemia progression in humans. In particular, low serum lyso-PE18:2 suggests a suitable susceptibility/risk biomarker of HC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Calderón-Pérez
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Reus, Spain
| | - Susana Suárez-García
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Spain
| | - Anna Pedret
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Reus, Spain.
| | - Manuel Suárez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Spain.
| | - Elisabet Llauradó
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Reus, Spain
| | - Laura Rubió
- Food Technology Department, XaRTA-TPV, Agrotecnio Center, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Agrària, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Francesc Puiggrós
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Lluís Arola
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Reus, Spain; Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Rosa M Valls
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), Reus, Spain
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Kim M, Yoo HJ, Lee D, Lee JH. Oxidized LDL induces procoagulant profiles by increasing lysophosphatidylcholine levels, lysophosphatidylethanolamine levels, and Lp-PLA 2 activity in borderline hypercholesterolemia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:1137-1146. [PMID: 32456947 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The increased risk of cardiovascular disease under hypercholesterolemia is due to associations between oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and between ox-LDL and coagulant profiles. We investigated the impact of different ox-LDL levels on coagulation time and plasma metabolomes in subjects with borderline hypercholesterolemia. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred thirty-one subjects with borderline hypercholesterolemia (serum cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL) were divided into low ox-LDL (n = 66) and high ox-LDL (n = 65) groups. After adjusting for confounding factors, the high ox-LDL group exhibited a significantly decreased activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) and increased Lp-PLA2 activity. Compared to the low ox-LDL group, the high ox-LDL group exhibited significantly increased intensities of 17 lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs) and 7 lysophosphatidylethanolamines (lysoPEs). Ox-LDL was inversely correlated with aPTT and PT and positively correlated with Lp-PLA2 activity. Positive correlations were also found among ox-LDL, Lp-PLA2 activity, lysoPCs, and lysoPEs. LysoPCs and lysoPEs were inversely correlated with PT and aPTT. The identified plasma metabolites, including amino acids, fatty acid amides, acylcarnitines, and lysophospholipids, were significantly upregulated in the high ox-LDL group. CONCLUSION High ox-LDL levels may be involved in the development of a procoagulant state in subjects with borderline hypercholesterolemia by increasing Lp-PLA2 activity and lysoPC and lysoPE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjoo Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Food and Nutrition, National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dahyoung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Food and Nutrition, National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
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